1 day in Munich on your own routes. Independent trip to Munich. Old and New Town Halls

Munich, of course, is not as famous as, for example, Rome or Paris. But it is deservedly called the "secret capital of Germany." The successful location of the city at the intersection of trade routes, the rich markets of grain, salt, and other products of the rich land of Bavaria, gave good income to the rulers of this land. But I must say that for seven hundred years ruled Bavaria, the dukes, electors, kings of the Wittelsbach clan - the oldest ruling dynasty in Europe. The tradition of this dynasty was patronage of the arts. They spent significant funds on the construction of churches, palaces, architectural ensembles, parks, fountains, created art galleries, built theaters. Munich has been turned into the center of a wide variety of architectural styles. But this city is the capital of the Bavarians, who love good beer, sausages with stewed sauerkraut, and therefore only here could be born the one of a kind festival “Oktoberfest”, celebrated for two hundred years. These beer lovers managed to create the automobile giant BMW, the Siemens electrical concern, the famous Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blom. The city is populated by a large army of students from the University of Munich, the Technical University, the Academy of Fine Arts, and the higher music school. The city has many museums in a wide variety of areas, from collections of ancient sculptures, art galleries to museums that popularly tell about the achievements of science and technology.

Yes there! We’ll better listen to a smart woman, who knows Germany like nobody else, Chancellor Angela Merkel: “If you don’t like Munich, then I don’t know where you could like in Germany in general.”

And this fateful city for sightseeing you had the fate to inspect, get to know him in one day! Incredibly Challenging! We will try to help you.

What is the main attraction in the city without seeing which, you cannot say that you saw Munich? Well, of course, this is Marienplatz.

Getting to the square is easy. You can come to the Marienplatz S-bahn or U-bahn station and go upstairs to the paving stones of the square. But it’s best to come to Karlsplatz (Stachus), and from there walk on foot, unhurriedly along the pedestrian Kaufingerstraße street.

So, at 9.00 o’clock. You arrive at the S-bahn or U-bahn “Karlsplatz (Stachus)” station and go up. Leaving the station, you first find yourself in a large underpass under the square. Here you will find many shops, cafes, Eingang in a large grocery store, in the multi-storey department store "C&A" and "Karlschtad".

We leave to the sun, up. Before us is a large area. Trams ring, approaching a large stop, cars rush towards the wide Sonnenstraßе. On the opposite side of the square stands a huge beautiful palace - the Bavarian Palace of Justice. And on this side - the buildings in a semicircle converge to the Karlstor fortress gate. In winter, an ice rink and temporary cafes are organized in the center of this semicircle, where you can warm yourself with wonderful hot mulled wine and have a bite of grilled sausages.

One day in Munich. Karlstor Gate and the beginning of the Neuhauserstraße.

Immediately behind the gates there is a pedestrian zone, Neuhauserstraße street, smoothly passing into Kaufingerstraße. There you have to go. On the left you will see the Brunnenbuberl fountain, depicting a satyr and a boy.

Take your time walking along the paved street. The buildings on the right and left - a lot of shops, souvenir shops. On the left you will see a massive building of light ocher color - the Old Academy. Nearby is the fountain "Richard Strauss" in the form of an antique column. The neighboring building is the Jesuit Church of St. Michael. This is the largest Renaissance temple built at the end of the 16th century. Go to church for a few minutes, just admire the interior, sit in silence on a bench, if you're lucky, listen to a magnificent organ. Often in the evening, after the service, when the church is empty, the organist rehearses, playing several classic organ works.

Having a rest, do not forget to notice on the right side of the street, almost opposite the church, a sign and a picturesque facade of one of the most famous beer halls of Munich “Augustinerbraeu”, known since 1328. Here you can enjoy a wonderful Bavarian beer, sitting on simple wooden benches at a long table in the company of regulars, beer lovers, white sausages, pleasant conversation and songs of the Bavarian highlanders. And you can, having comfortably settled down at a small table in a quiet corner of a large, brightly decorated restaurant hall, have an excellent lunch or dinner, having tasted Bavarian culinary specialties, washed down with the same beer.

But you only have one day and you still have to see so much! You go further and see a bronze boar on the left with a pigment rubbed to a shine. A wild boar stands at the entrance to the hunting and fishing museum, and tourists who want to visit Munich again rubbed a patch of piglet.

Walking a little forward, you notice two huge towers with onions at the top behind the lane on the left. These are the towers of the Frauenkirche, the main symbol of the city and the main church of Catholic Bavaria. Be sure to go to this church, built in the late Gothic style in 1468 - 1488. In its huge hall, 10 thousand people can accommodate at the same time.

You return to Kaufingerstrasse, pass by the huge buildings of famous shops and here it is - Marienplatz - the main square of the city, the square with which it once began.

You could have gone all the way from Karlsplatz to Marienplatz in half an hour, but if you took our advice and went to church, and if, even yielding to temptation, visited at least one of the huge stores, then you spent at least three hours on the way.
  From ancient times until the beginning of the 19th century, there was a market on Marienplatz where grain, salt were traded. In the middle of the square there is a marble column with a golden sculpture of the Virgin Mary holding a child in her arms. This column, installed in the XVII century on the occasion of the end of the plague and war (Thirty Years), and gave the name of the square. This is the most crowded square in Munich. Here, even in antiquity, holidays were held, knightly tournaments, weddings of rulers. And nowadays, concerts of various musical groups are often held on the square.

On the north side, the square is bounded by the facade of the New Town Hall, decorated with figures of the Bavarian knights, dukes, kings, saints. The length of the facade is one hundred meters. On the high central tower of the Town Hall, the famous Glockenspiel clock is installed, with the battle of which the windows open, music plays and a whole performance is given. At the very top of the tower is the figure of a little nun, Münchner Kindl, holding the gospel in his left hand and blessing Munich with his right hand. This is the emblem of the city, you could see it on the trains U-bahn, S-bahn, on trams.
  The name of the city comes from the name of the first settlement of Villa Münichen - the village of monks. This village was located next to the place where St. Peter's Church stands - the oldest parish church in the city. The height of the bell tower of Old Peter, located next to Marienplatz, is 92 meters, and at an altitude of 56 meters there is a viewing platform. To get on it, you need to overcome 306 steps. But you will see such a magnificent picture that you will not regret the effort expended.

Going around in a circle, you will see the whole city, its red roofs, cathedrals, parks, palaces and squares. In the southern direction, in sunny weather, the snow-capped peaks of the Bavarian Alps are clearly visible and among them is the highest mountain of Germany Zugspitze (2962 meters).
  Once again admiring the view from above on the Marienplatz, you descend from the bell tower of St. Peter. Another two hours passed.

So, you are hungry, and ready to eat a whole pan of fried sausages with stewed sauerkraut, washed down with a liter Bayer Weißbier mug. Near the square there are many cafes and restaurants. Go into the inner courtyard of the Town Hall and you will see there the steps leading to the hall of a fine restaurant.

Have you had lunch? And just an hour spent on this charitable cause.

We went back to Marienplatz and admired the Fischbrunnen fountain (Fish Fountain), erected on this site in 1865.

On the eastern side of the square is the Gothic building of the Old Town Hall, built in 1470 - 1474. Now here is the Toy Museum.

Nearby, on Burgstraße, one of the oldest surviving buildings, the building of the former City Chancellery. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart lived for some time in neighboring house No. 6 in 1780. Another hour passed.

So you met Marienplatz and the sights located next to it, spending seven hours with lunch on it. But you still have free time from work, and you can continue to get acquainted with the wonderful objects of Munich. Not yet evening!

So, 4 p.m. and you are full of energy to continue your journey through the very center of Munich and its long, eventful history. Walk to the right of the New Town Hall along Dienerstraße. You will be taken to the Max-Joseph-Platz square, in the middle of which there is a monument to the first king of Bavaria, Maximilian I Joseph. A huge complex of buildings of the Residence, the residence of the Bavarian electors and kings of the Wittelsbach dynasty until 1918, will open right in front of you. Inspection of the numerous halls of the Residence and the works of art collected in it usually takes several hours, let us leave this lesson for the next visit to Munich (you rubbed a patch of bronze boar).

To the right, behind the monument, is the building of the National Theater (Bavarian State Opera), reminiscent of the Russian Bolshoi Theater with its pediment, even the number of columns is the same - 8. Music began to sound in the theater building on January 2, 1825. Over the past time, the theater underwent renovations, the orchestra pit deepened, the stage expanded, equipment was updated. In October 1943, the theater was almost destroyed during the aerial bombardment of the Allies. After the war, the townspeople decided to restore the old theater, despite the fact that the construction of a new one would have been much cheaper. The architect Gerhard Moritz Grauber recreated the neoclassical theater building designed in the 19th century with a capacity of 2100 people. Construction lasted from 1958 to 1963 and cost 62 million marks, the then currency of Germany. On November 22, 1963, the new theater building was opened with the production of Wagner’s opera Nuremberg Mastersingers. This is one of the best opera scenes in the world, a home venue for the Bavarian State Opera and the Bavarian State Ballet. Currently, the duties of the chief conductor of the Bavarian opera are performed by a native of Omsk, Kirill Petrenko.

Passing Max-Joseph-Platz, you continue along the Residenzstraße along the wall of the State Museum of Egyptian Art, which is part of the Residence complex, and you come to a large square - Odeonsplatz. Immediately behind it you can see the straight, like an arrow, stretching into the distance, Ludwigstraße street.

Odeonsplatz (Odeonsplatz), one of the central squares of Munich, is famous not for ancient stones, such as Marienplatz, but for its architecture and events that took place on it in the turbulent XX century. Just a list of buildings overlooking this area takes up a lot of space. Each has its own interesting history, famous architects worked a lot on the design and construction of each: the Teatinerkirche, the Residence, the gate and wall of the Hofgarten, the Praising palace, the Bazaar building, and of course the “Feldherrhalle” - Gallery of the commanders at the head of the square.

She copies the Loggia Lanzi in Florence. The Gallery features bronze cast figures of guns captured in battles of illustrious military leaders: Johann Tserklas, Count von Tilly, Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Army in the Thirty Years' War (XVII century), and Karl-Philip von Wrede, Prince, Generalissimo of the Bavarian Troops, 12 years, and then in the liberation campaign against Napoleon. Between them there is a sculpture glorifying the victories of the Bavarian corps during the Franco-Prussian war of 1870 - 1871.

To celebrate the 100th anniversary of the birth of King Ludwig I (August 25, 1886, during the reign of his third son, Prince Regent Luitpold), two flagpoles with the emblems of Bavaria and Munich were erected in front of the gallery. On one flagpole they wrote “Fair and Persistent King Ludwig I of Bavaria”, on the other - “From Faithful Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria”.

In 1906, during the celebration of the 120th anniversary of King Ludwig I, two lions were installed on the sides of the stairs, representing the power of Bavaria. The difference between the two is that the mouth of the right lion is closed, and that of the left is open. The image of a lion is very popular in Bavaria and is used on any coat of arms, signs and so on.

After the First World War, which tragically ended for Germany, a memorial plate was installed in the gallery, on which it says: “In the World War 1914/18. 1,400,000 Bavarians fought shoulder to shoulder with the German brothers for lasting peace and freedom. 200,000 died for the fatherland. The Bavarian leaders of the German and Union armies were: Field Marshal Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria, Field Marshal Prince Leopold of Bavaria, Colonel General Felix Count Botmer. " The first two are from the Wittelsbach family, the third is the nephew of Eleanor Tyutcheva, the wife of Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev.

The singer of Russian and Bavarian nature lived in Munich from 1822 to 1844, serving in the Russian diplomatic mission under the Bavarian crown.

Near the Gallery of Leaders, at the mouth of Residenzstraße, in 1923 there were tragic events called the “beer coup” by the Nazis. Trying to make a trip to Berlin in order to seize power in Germany, on November 8, 1923, on the fifth anniversary of the revolution in Germany, in the huge hall of the Bürgerbräukeller beer hall (Bürgerbräukeller, Rosenheimerstrasse, 15), where a large number of Bavarian politicians gathered, the Nazis started a coup. Hitler, waving a pistol, said that the Bavarian government was deposed, his party was going to form a new government of the Reich. The building was surrounded by Nazi militants armed with machine guns. Their supporters managed to capture the War Department.

The next morning, the Nazis began a march around the city, counting on the support of the garrison soldiers. Among the leaders of the Nazis was General Ludendorff, who enjoyed authority among the lower ranks, who was considered a war hero.

From Isartor they marched to Marienplatz, met a police cordon, which missed them. Then they moved along the Rezidenzstraße to the "Gallery of Leaders". A small detachment of police blocked their path.

The putschists were the first to shoot, the police responded. General Ludendorff was arrested, followers rescued Hitler, 16 putschists and three policemen remained lying on the pavement.

After 1933, the Nazis arranged on the right wall of the Gallery, on the Rezidenzstrasse side, their memorial: a plaque with a story about this “beer coup”, the names of the dead “heroes”, an eagle holding a swastika. Every year they held rallies in the Bürgerbräukeller pub, marches along the same route, rallies near the memorial.

In the space of the square in front of the Gallery, the Nazis held military parades, rallies, ceremonies. The propaganda machine worked at full capacity and used any clue to prove its legitimacy, the regularity of the appearance in the history of the people, the continuity of the spirit of ancestors.

The Nazi memorial was destroyed by the Americans who occupied Munich.

After the war, in the fifties, a slab with the inscription was made into the pavement in front of the Gallery: “To the soldiers of the Bavarian land police, whose bet against the National Socialist putsch was 11/11/1923 their life: Friedrich Link, Nikolaus Hollweg, Max Schraut.”
  Having walked a generally short distance from Karlsplatz to Marienplatz and further to Odeonsplstz, you got acquainted with Munich, the events of its history, and its architecture. About nine hours have passed since the beginning of your leisurely journey.

We did not tell you about all the objects encountered on the route and not as detailed as we would like. You can stroll along the neighboring Wittelsbacherplatz, Promenadeplatz, Karolinenplatz, Königsplatz. Each has its own history, its own architecture. Events connected with the political and cultural history of Bavaria and Germany took place on these squares.

But you are already full of impressions and new knowledge gained. Near the Hofgarten fence you see a blue “U” sign. This is the U-bahn Odeonsplatz Station. Feel free to descend into the underworld of the city and go on vacation.

In order to understand the city, marvel at its beauties, see how its inhabitants live, you must definitely walk on foot. A walk through the center of Munich will help us with this.

  Map of the center of Munich.

Our walk in the center of Munich, two kilometers long,

Starts at the east gate of the city. Isartor

and square of the same name Isartorplatz.

The eastern city gate of Munich, built by Ludwig of Bavaria, has been located at this place since the 13th century. In 1833, murals were reconstructed and added to describe his victories on September 28, 1322. This battle is considered the last great battle of the knights without firearms.

Museum of Valentine.

Now, in the two gate towers after recovering from the destruction during World War II, the museum  , the great German comedian of the beginning of the XX century. In memory of his memory, in the style of his jokes, a clock is installed on the central gate tower. If you look closely - in the photo of Munich below, which shows the tower from outside the old city, the time is normal.

But as soon as you enter the gate, on the back of the tower you already see the time in mirror reflection. According to the townspeople, even time in the old city flows differently.

Opposite the gate is interesting to visit the store Globetrotter Ausrüstung Denart & Lechhart GmbHwhere everything is presented for tourism and travel.

In addition to viewing a huge assortment of travel accessories, relax and have a cup of delicious coffee for 1 euro, and also visit the local bathroom. The toilet is notable for the fact that the cabins are equipped in such a way that when you enter them you find yourself either in the train compartment or in the airplane cabin with a changing landscape outside the fake window. I cannot provide photos due to intimacy.

Beer Museum, Munich.

After leaving the store, in the middle of the square we go into a small alley Sterneckerstrasse, 2. Here is a museum of beer and Oktoberfest. In addition to visiting the exhibits, you can also taste beer and eat at the museum. So, if the weather has deteriorated sharply, there is a way out - go to the museum.

We are going to the museum and explaining what Oktoberfest is for the Bavarians, as well as visiting the old drinking establishments, we’ll wait and walk along the street Tal  which stretches from the gate Isartor  to the Old Town Hall. While walking along one of the oldest streets in Munich, dotted with many shops, hotels and cafes, we will listen to the history of the city.

Freising.

30 kilometers from Munich there is a town Freising, where in 724 the preacher of Christianity came, the future first bishop of Bavaria is Corbinian.

On the mountain Nerbermr. he founded the Benedictine monastery. In their free time from prayers, the monks prepared food and drinks. So, they liked the drink that they made in the 11th century so much that a whole network of monastic settlements arose around this monastery. One does not have to be a visionary to guess that this drink was beer.

One of the monastic settlements became so rich in beer sales that he built himself a small town on a hill Petersbegel.

Munich center.

Today on top of this hill is peterskirche Church  Munich city. The first mention of the city was in 1158 (the year the city was founded), as a village "at the monks". Hence the name Munich.
  My report from the tower Peterskirche  can see

Therefore, beer for the Bavarians is more than just a tasty drink, this is the history of the city.

After passing through the Old Town Hall, Peterskirche Church, photos and descriptions of which can be viewed, briefly going to the supermarket Geschenke kaiser am rindermarkt  and taking a picture of such a chandelier

we went to the “Square of Stars” -   Sternenplatz,

where at the next Christmas market I could not resist the temptation to drink a glass of dark Bavarian beer, yummy, I’ll report to you.

About the Christmas markets and the advent of Advent I told in, so I will not repeat.

Therefore, in the process of visiting the Christmas market, I’ll talk about the connection of the city with our country.

Russians in Munich.

The names of two great people of Russia are connected with Munich: the poet Tyutchev and the painter Kandinsky.

Tyutchev  lived in Munich for a total of 20 years, and Kandinsky  about 7.

Now every 100th resident of Munich, who do you think? These are immigrants from the former post-Soviet space (this is no less than about 13,000 people). Therefore, in Munich you can visit Russian literary evenings, Russian concerts, Russian painting circles or enroll your child in a Russian language school.

  Between Munich and Moscow suburbs Voinovich shares his residence.

In Munich, there are many people of art from Russia: artists, sculptors, writers, poets, writers, journalists are engaged in their work.

Especially for interaction with German culture, the Russian society Mir has existed for many years.

Considering that in Munich one fourth is migrants from other countries,

The streets of Munich.

Continuing on the street Rindermarkt  and go straight to one of the main museums in Munich - city \u200b\u200bmuseum, founded in 1888 in the building of the former arsenal and stables.
  The building of the Oraghaus trading house next to the museum is noteworthy (in the photo below).

Strolling down the street Oberanger,

we approach the last of the three remaining gates to the old city. We have already looked at the previous two.

Sendling Gate  built by the same Ludwig of Bavaria at the beginning of the 14th century and named after the village of Zendling, where the road from this gate led to.

Another of the oldest streets of Munich is the street of the same name. Sendlinger strasse  will lead us to the central square of the city Marienplatz.

Munich is not only the third largest city in Germany, but one of the most visited tourists. Someone is interested in the nearby Alps, someone is interested in Oktoberfest, and someone is interested in the capital of Bavaria itself.

It is not possible to go around all the sights in one day, so we will first tell you about the most interesting places in the historic city center, and in the second part of the article we will talk about the BMW Museum and the Bavaria football stadium.

Attractions in the city center:

Marienplatz

Once in the city, you yourself will not notice how Munich will offer you its “hand” and “heart”. The “Hand” is the Isar River, which originates in the mountain Alps and flows along the entire city. On its shore, locals and tourists who are tired of excursions love to relax and unwind. And the “heart” of the city is the famous St. Mary’s square called Marienplatz. It’s worth starting an acquaintance with the city with it, especially if you don’t have much time at your disposal.

The square is located in the very center of the city. Its center is decorated with a column of the Virgin Mary, and on the sides are the Old and New Town Halls.

In addition to these attractions, tall houses, built in various architectural styles, are densely aligned with each other around the square. Their lower floors are occupied by local shops, cafes, restaurants and souvenir shops.

Old town hall

The Old Town Hall (next to the tower with a spire) is an old building made in the Gothic style.

One of the walls of the town hall is decorated with a large theatrical clock. Three times a day (at 11, 12 and 17 hours) the figures of the knights come to life and you can see firsthand how the knight tournaments were held on this square.

New town hall

The building of the New Town Hall was completed at the beginning of the 20th century. This is a large architectural complex in the neo-Gothic style. The length of its facade is more than 100 m.

Now this is the workplace of the city council and administration.

Cathedral of the Holy Virgin

Being in the city center you cannot miss the main temple of the city - the Frauenkirche Cathedral.

It was built in the XV century. Its height is 99 meters. This is the tallest building in the city (since 2004 it is forbidden to build structures above this).

The upper part of the cathedral is crowned with two bell towers with domes, and inside there are 22 white columns.

The temple was built in a strict Gothic style, its interior space is laconic and sublime. And the entrance to the cathedral is marked by the so-called “trail of the devil” - a dark footprint.

St. Peter's Church

Nearby is Peterskirche - the oldest city church.

Climbing to the observation deck of its bell tower, which is located at an altitude of 92 meters, you can see the whole city.

Hofgarten

Munich is impossible to imagine without its large green park complexes.

Hofgarten is a royal garden founded more than 4 centuries ago. Located in the center of the city.

One of the most beautiful places in the park is the temple of Diana - a music pavilion with elegant fountains. There are live concerts of classical music and various dance events.

English garden

For a more active pastime, select the English Garden. It is also located near the center.

Here you can not only take a measured walk in the shade of tall trees, but also ride bicycles, ride a horse-drawn carriage with an open top, and even go surfing!

Maximillianstrasse

Shopping enthusiasts should take a stroll through the shopping arteries of the Bavarian capital, Maximilianstrasse. Here are the boutiques of the best fashion houses in Europe.

Victualienmarkt Market

Viktualienmarkt - the main market not only in Munich, but throughout Bavaria. Here you can buy not only local delicacies, but also souvenirs for the memory of the trip.

Locals also visit the market to buy farm products.

German Museum

You can see exhibits of scientific and technical achievements in the German Museum. It contains unique samples of technology: the first computer, the first space capsule and even the first hair dryer.

The subjects of the exhibits are diverse - from space to agriculture.

Nymphenburg

Nymphenburg is the largest palace and park complex. Here, the grandeur of architectural complexes is in harmony with the beauty of landscapes. Throughout the territory there are 4 palaces, several gardens and parks, and white swans slowly swim along the water channels.

Old Pinakothek

Visit the old pinakothek - an art gallery, which contains masterpieces of painting created before the 18th century. The collection of paintings by Rubens, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and other famous artists.

What to see with children

Toy museum

If traveling with children, then being on the central square of Marienplatz climb the spiral staircase inside the tower of the Old Town Hall. There is an interesting toy museum. He is about 30 years old.

On four floors are many toys from around the world. Some of them have great historical value.

Even there is a teddy bear whose age is more than 100 years old!

Zoo

Children will also enjoy visiting the Munich Zoo. He is one of the best zoos in Europe. Located on the banks of the Isar River. The conditions for keeping animals in it are as close as possible to natural.

The entire territory of the zoo is conditionally divided into parts, according to the continents. There are more than 14 thousand inhabitants of the zoo!

Of course, in Munich there are a lot of places worth seeing. There are dozens of museums alone. Most Popular:

• Bavarian National Museum,
• BMW Museum.

During our trip to Europe, we spent the whole day in Munich. I don’t argue that one day for a city like Munich is negligible, but our route through the historical part of the city was designed so that we could cover almost all the main attractions of the city.

If you look at the city map, you can see that our walk was an open circle: from the building of the National Theater, through Odeonplatz, with a visit to the Frauenkirche and St. Michael's Church (a little to the side), through Marienplatz, past the old Town Hall, and ended near the beer hall Hofbräuhaus. And now in order.

The first point of our excursion was the Max-Josef-Platz square, on which the Munich National Theater is located. From here, sightseeing tours on double-decker buses also begin, but our walk was a pedestrian. The square is named after Emperor Maximilian Joseph, who, after visiting Paris, decided to build the same theater here, reminiscent of the Paris Odeon. True, for this it was necessary to demolish the Franciscan monastery that stood here earlier. This theater was supposed to be the center of the cultural life of the city, and in fact, it happened; Strauss, Wagner and many other famous composers presented their operas here. The theater building is designed in antique style and decorated with a colonnade.

Our next stop is Odeonplatz. This is one of the largest squares in Munich and after Marienplatz the most visited by tourists. Here are three important attractions that you should definitely pay attention to. Firstly, it is Feldherrnhalle - a pavilion in honor of the Bavarian commanders Wrede and Tilly. The Munich people themselves are people with humor, so they chuckle at one of their main monuments, that one of them (Wrede) is not a general at all, and the second (Tilly) is not a Bavarian at all.

Be that as it may, this open pavilion, recreated on the model of the famous loggia in Florence (well, Bavarian architects loved to learn from someone else's experience), is one of the attractions of the city. On the steps of this pavilion among the lions, tourists like to arrange themselves, especially in hot weather. By the way, in order to make the square so large and representative, the Bavarian emperor Ludwig ordered the destruction of the old city wall.

If you are sitting on the steps of the Feldherrnhalle, on your right will be one of the most beautiful churches in Munich - the Teatinekirche. This yellow baroque building (with elements of rococo lightness) was built by an Italian architect, also known for the reconstruction of the beautiful Ettal monastery. It is interesting that the famous facade of the building with two graceful columns appeared here only a hundred years after the church itself was built. The building is crowned by a large baroque dome, similar to what can be seen in many Italian cathedrals. Belonged to the church of St. Caetano (which is exactly what it is rightly called) belonged to the little-known monastic order of theatins from outside Bavaria.

Opposite the Theatinkirche is a pompous complex of buildings decorated with statues. This Residence is the seat of the Bavarian kings of the Wittelsbach dynasty. The construction began in the 14th century, and today this palace complex includes a dozen beautiful courtyards, a very beautiful park, tourists have access (paid, of course) to several front rooms and a treasury, which are collected by Bavarian kings from the early Middle Ages hidden treasures. But due to lack of time, we did not get there. But we were advised that the next time they should visit the unusually beautiful halls Antiquarium and the Hall of Ancestors (they looked on the Internet, and it’s really impressive). There are lions at the entrance to the Residence, one of them must be rubbed in order to make a wish. Which one, you will understand without difficulty, as it is remarkably polished by tourists.

Events connected with the Odeonplatz square, which the Munich people themselves do not like to recall. Here, back in 1923, Adolf Hitler and his associates made the first attempt to seize power (the so-called beer coup - where did the name come from, a little later). A hundred Nazis clashed with the police, killing three policemen and several Nazis. During Hitler's reign, a plaque was erected here, and every German had to raise his hand in greeting, passing by it. After the defeat of the Nazis, the Americans entered the city. They removed this plate, and the townspeople installed a memorial plate in honor of the police who became the first victims of the Nazis.

You can go from Odeonplatz to Frauenkirche through the shopping arcade Fünf Höfe, located in a historic building. But only the facade has remained from the historical one, and in the passage itself you will pass under the hanging garlands of plants, balls, bright lanterns. Very beautiful and unusual.

Our next stop is the main cathedral of Munich Frauenkirche, built in an unusual manner for late Gothic style, distinguished by its grandiose size and the legends associated with it. This attraction is worth telling separately. Here I will only say that this is the tallest building in the city, above which it is forbidden to build.

Further, we deviate a little from the conditional circle to the side to go into the incredibly beautiful church of St. Michael. This is an incredibly beautiful temple with a snow-white facade reminiscent of traditional town halls, decorated with statues of Bavarian rulers. But its interior decoration delights not only and not so much with wealth as with grace, refinement, sophistication. White walls are decorated with luxurious stucco in the style of the Italian High Renaissance. The brilliance of gold, the beauty of paintings, the golden altar - it’s difficult to look away from all this.

The church was built in the 16th century during the period of religious wars. The Wittelsbachs always remained faithful to Catholicism, so they were ardent supporters of the Counter-Reformation. And this church was intended for the Jesuit Order, created specifically to fight the Protestants.

Many representatives of the Wittelsbach family are also buried in this church (in the crypt). who ruled Bavaria for several centuries. There are also miraculous relics of saints, supposedly Cosmas and Damian. At the entrance to the church, above the cup with holy water, stands the archangel Michael, as if protecting everyone entering the church and the church from evil. This bronze statue dates back to the late 16th century.

The church building was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War by a direct bomb hit. But it was quickly restored enough, and today in a reminder of this on the wall at the entrance to the church there are photographs of the building that suffered from the war.

Further our path lies to the main attraction of the city - the central square of Marienplatz. Passing by the Frauenkirche, we once again looked at this grandiose building (though one of its towers was under reconstruction), and soon went to Marienplatz. There will be a separate story about this place, as it deserves it. I can only say that its main attraction is the unusually beautiful Town Hall, made in the Neo-Gothic style.

From Marienplatz, if you turn your back on the town hall, you can see a fragment of another important attraction of the city - this is the bell tower of St. Peter's Basilica (Peterskirche). This tower is only six or seven meters below the towers of the Frauenkirche. The inhabitants of the city themselves call this tower “Old Peter”.

It is noteworthy that the church consists of two parts. Its facade looks brand new, but if you go around the church, you will see an old, shabby, darkened building. This is the old part of the church. The fact is that this cathedral is the oldest in the city, and the first Romanesque basilica was built here in the 12th century by the monks who founded the city here.

By the way, Munich translates as "monk." The city has a lot of different statues, figures reminiscent of this. And the coat of arms of the city shows a monk in the hood.

We went around St. Peter's Church from different directions (we didn’t go inside), we go further. in Munich there are a lot of some kind of different arches, passages, galleries. Many of them are used as a parking lot for public transport - a bicycle. In Munich, the cyclist is the owner of the road. You can rent a bicycle here everywhere - you throw money, take a bicycle from the parking lot, go where you need to, find the parking place for bicycles there and leave it there. Steal a bike? It seems to me that such a thought would not even occur to the Germans.

And finally, completing the tour, we come to another attraction - Hofbräuhaus beer house. In addition to being the largest beer hall in Europe, and most likely in the world, it is also known for a very unpleasant fact. Remember, I wanted to tell you about the beer coup? So, it was in Hofbräuhaus that Hitler and his supporters discussed a coup plan in 1923 for a beer, which is why he got this name. Hofbräuhaus is different today. Here you can drink a few liters of beer, jamming a luxurious pork knuckle with cabbage and potatoes, listening to traditional Bavarian melodies. Of course, everything is expensive here, but portions - wow, you don’t get out of there, but almost creep out.

And of course, I can’t ignore another point of visit, which is not in terms of excursions, but which we found in our free time - the Fan Shop of Munich Bavaria. There are only a few in Germany, and only here you can buy original club products. For almost 100 euros that were given without regret, a Bernie bear and a branded T-shirt with the name of Schweinsteiger left for Russia with us.

After two hours of free time walking along the shopping streets of Munich and the considerable euros left there, we had to return to Max Josef-Platz, where the bus was waiting. It is interesting that you just have to get a guide and ask the Germans a question, you are immediately surrounded by Japanese forever smiling, Chinese and very friendly and cheerful Italians, full of desire to help and show that they know the city.

Munich's past, great and joyful, tragic and inglorious, full of significant and fatal events, embodied in the unique appearance of the city: in its streets, squares and buildings, squares and parks. There are so many unusual and surprising things that you need to make a choice in advance if you try to see all the interesting places. So, we will tell you what to see in Munich for 1 day on your own - a detailed route.

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One of the main tourist sites of the city, which thousands of visitors seek to see the architectural structure of amazing beauty and the highest historical value. In fact, this is a huge palace and park complex, which includes a galaxy of magnificent buildings; picturesque alleys, lawns, various ponds and a botanical garden. Spreading its possessions on hundreds of hectares, the complex for wealth and luxury of decoration can be called the German Versailles.

Interior

Interior and exterior decoration of the main palace is a symbol of brilliance, luxury and splendor. Everything here is striking in the scope of incredible wealth, from the front doors to the last exhibits of the inspection. The majestic architecture of the exterior decoration with beauty and splendor echoes the luxurious splendor of the interior decoration of palace rooms and front rooms.

The main premises of the palace - served as a venue for official receptions, festive balls and other court entertainment. The decoration of the walls and ceilings of the hall in the style of the Bavarian Rococo amazes the imagination with the elegance of stucco molding and the unusually lively beauty of the frescoes made by the best German painters of the 17th century.

The gallery of beauties, created on the initiative of King Ludwig I, who was reputed to be a ladies man, is a kind of collection of portraits of Bavarian beauties of different classes. Images of 36 ladies were captured by the famous court painter of the 19th century Karl Stieler, who began work on the next image after the personal choice of the king. Owners of charming female images had a different social status: representatives of royal blood coexist here with a dancer from the shoemaker's family - Lola Montes.

This passionate adventurer, who was fond of Ludwig, can be compared in terms of cunning and deft blackmail with the famous Mata Hari. Lola was honored to become the prototype of the heroine of the famous Conandoil story "Scandal in Bohemia."

Crew Museum

The museum of carriages, located in the former palace stables, is a unique collection of luxurious outbound carriages, fiacres, phaetons, and sleighs. Each of the instances presented here is a real work of carriage art in Bavaria: the extraordinary grace of the lines combined with the rich luxury of decoration is genuine admiration. To inspect the entire complex, you need to devote more than one day to this.

German Museum

This is the largest museum of technology and science, where exhibits are collected, which are real scientific treasures of technological progress in different areas. In a grand repository located on the island of Museums, rarities of inventions of engineering minds are presented: a car engine, dynamo, a submarine, a radio and many other legendary exhibits that have advanced the progress of civilization.

Marienplatz Square

A one-day excursion to Munich involves a visit to its main square Marienplatz, named after the eponymous column, erected in 1638 in honor of the divine righteous.

Prior to this, all kinds of medieval fairs, auctions were held at Schrannenplatz (as the square was called before), knight tournaments were organized. The modern square is a cult tourist attraction where crowds come to see two shrines.

Old and New Town Halls

These architectural "sisters" - true masterpieces of Gothic architecture, are so enchanted by their unique beauty that it is impossible to admire their attractive appearance. The “oldest” of them, the Old Town Hall, ascended its pointed dome in 1480 in the eastern part of the square, invariably delighting everyone for many centuries. The “wounds” inflicted by the famous Catholic shrine by the war were “healed” by careful restoration, and now this beautiful building still looks fresh and attractive.

The New Town Hall, a magnificent neo-Gothic style architectural monument, was built in 1909 at the behest of Ludwig I in the opposite part of Marienplatz. The majestic tower with a height of 85 meters is the main architectural decoration of the old square. Its unusual multi-stage domes delight with the filigree grace of decoration, which is associated with skillfully executed lace ligature. A unique creation of design art is a clock placed on the central facade: 32 figures accompanied by chimes illustrate episodes of the medieval life of citizens; 43 bells announce the beginning of the next hour. Here you can sit or stand for a long time, admiring the true masterpieces of architecture and gain strength to explore the following attractions.

Heidenhausen

You can see the delights of modern Munich if you visit the beautiful district of the city - Heidenhausen, located south of the old part of the Bavarian capital. Here, lovely old mansions and trendy high-tech buildings in glass and concrete coexist beautifully; cozy squares and small squares with picturesque fountains are adjacent to the objects of modern infrastructure. This area can be compared with the Montmartre in Paris: creative bohemians gather in numerous clubs, bars, cafes; The multi-genre music of discos is spread.

Another favorite place in Munich for many is the Olympic Park, which was set up in memory of the victims of the 1972 Olympics. The 11 best athletes in Israel were then brutally murdered by representatives of the Palestinian terrorist organization. Created for a sad reason, the park has become the most ambitious complex of sports miraculous structures and causes everyone only positive emotions.

Against the background of an excellent water stadium, the original roof stands in the form of a huge tent made of plexiglass from a sports stadium. The formerly renowned Bayern Munich football team trained on it. Chic velodrome allows you to conduct training and competitions on excellent tracks. There is a wonderful year-round skating rink where you can show off the ability to stand skating for everyone.

The Olympic Tower is amazing in its unusual height (290 meters) and its amazing infrastructure. Having climbed it, you can see stunning views of the thousand-year-old Munich with its incredible beauties of the past and present. An elegant building towering over the city - a symbolic object of the 1972 Olympics - can be safely called a masterpiece of high-rise construction.

Karlsplatz and Charles Gate

The square named after Elector Karl Theodor is one of the most authentic places in the Bavarian land, where the great history of its development from the Middle Ages to the present day has been embodied. Among the locals there is a second, unofficial name for the square - "Stachus" in honor of the old beer pub located on it - the beloved corner of many Munich. The area surrounded by magnificent buildings is always filled with people. Many come here to admire the magnificent fountain located in the center, relax near the crystal jets that carry coolness. Karlsplatz is the heart of the tramway interchange with which you can take the tram to any end of the city.

A truly unique architectural monument of fortification (13-14 c.) - Charles Gate (renamed in honor of Charles in 1791) Repeatedly destroyed, the reconstruction of Charles Gate remains a symbol of the power and grandeur of one of the most expensive and highly developed cities in Germany. The majesty of the ancient gate, the solemn beauty of the entire grandiose structure, successful designer jewelry are undoubted signs of an architectural masterpiece.

Marienhof

A peculiar green oasis with velvety grass, surrounded by tight rows of trees - the amazing Marienhof square. A place of serene relaxation for citizens and tourists, a cozy island of silence among the urban noise. In warm time, you can lie on the grass carpet, sunbathe, read and just relax after a hard day. Archaeological excavations carried out on one of the plots of the square have revealed traces of early settlements (before the founding of the city).

Marienhof Square has been the subject of historical research. Named in memory of the first Munich synagogue Marienhof, the square captures the history of Jews hiding from the brutal pogroms occurring in Europe in the early Middle Ages. They erected a synagogue here, in which they hid from punishing death. This is probably why the green space of Sq. The Marienhof was left undeveloped as a symbol of rebirth and eternity.

Victualienmarkt Market

Bavaria is known all over the world for its gastronomic delights and breweries, the famous Oktoberfest holiday, which is why it is not by chance that in Munich there is a symbol of the diverse abundance of everything edible - the Viktualienmarkt market. A bright palette of food stalls bursting with delicious delicacies, vegetables and fruits impresses with its assortment of the most sophisticated buyers. Here you can satisfy any consumer demand, taste the popular Bavarian sausages, which is called “hot, hot”, drink fresh beer from a barrel, buy exotic fruits.

All products sold here are of high quality and freshness - they are mainly supplied by Bavarian farmers who compete with each other in the best quality of manufactured products. On the shelves you will not see tubers and root crops with clods of earth - everything is thoroughly washed, the vegetables in wicker baskets look like a colorful still life of an artistic canvas in a sort of “gastronomic museum”.

Old and New Pinakothek, Pinakothek of the present

Munich's art galleries - the Old and New Pinakothek, located in different buildings, the number and cultural value of exhibits can overshadow other similar institutions in the world. The left part of the 1st floor of the Old Pinakothek was given for temporary exhibitions with regularly changing works of art, the right part shows the works of German and Flemish artists of the brush and chisel (15-17 c). The paintings of Brueghel and Cranach impress with their dramatic solemnity. The 2nd floor (right wing) is dedicated to the great geniuses of the Italian Renaissance: the masterpieces of Botticelli, Raphael, Perugino, Leonardo da Vinci are forced to freeze with admiration.

Immortal canvases of the Flemings Van Dyck, Rubens, Jordaens cause emotional awe. It takes your breath away from contemplating the paintings of the famous Dutchmen Remrandt and Hals. The art of painting is fully reflected here - in the right wing of the 2nd floor are paintings of Baroque and Rococo masterpieces by Italian, German, French and Spanish artists (Murillo, El Greco).

New Pinakothek - a collection of art works of painting -19-20 century. all directions. Romantic canvases by J. Dahl, G. Courbet, impressionists Monet, Degas, post-impressionists Gauguin and Van Gogh, cubists and expressionists Picasso, Mayol. Pinakothek of modernity (3rd part of the gallery) presents 4 exhibitions of contemporary art: paintings, graphics, design and architecture, striking with unusual colors, shapes, extraordinary solutions. A visit to the Pinatkotek is an unforgettable dive into the beautiful.

English garden

Remarkably picturesque park in the center of the Bavarian capital - the English Garden is very popular with Munich. They walk in the shady alleys, ride horses, play board games and even surf in the local waters. There are excellent conditions for an active and relaxing holiday. In a very cute Japanese garden in a charming tea house you can enjoy a tea ceremony, in a cozy beer garden - treat yourself to the famous Bavarian beer. There is a small meadow of nudists in the park - do not be surprised if you see naked people here in the summer. The English Garden is a man-made landscape miracle, a green oasis among concrete and stone of a big city.

Even a one day stay in this city will give an unforgettable experience, generously enriching the spiritual and moral world of any tourist who visited the sights of Munich.

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