Mysterious dungeons of the world. Reptilian underground cities. Gem underground city of Coober Pedy, Australia

Voids in the earth's crust are found all over the world, and an underground civilization can really exist, given the fairly comfortable living conditions underground. The mention of an underground civilization in the myths of different peoples and on different continents is quite common. And the latest scientific discoveries are confirming the possibility of life underground. The mysterious underground world exists not only in legends. In recent decades, the number of visitors to the caves has increased markedly. Deeper and deeper, adventurers and miners make their way into the bowels of the Earth, more and more often they come across traces of the activities of mysterious underground inhabitants.
It turned out that under us there is a whole network of tunnels stretching for thousands of kilometers and enveloping the entire Earth in a network. Polish researcher Jan Paenk claims that a whole network of tunnels has been laid underground that lead to any country. These tunnels were created using high technology, unknown to people, and pass not only under the surface of the land, but also under the bed of the seas and oceans. The tunnels are not just pierced, but as if burned out in underground rocks, and their walls are a frozen melt of rocks - smooth as glass and have an extraordinary strength. Jan Paenk met with miners who came across such tunnels when driving Shreks.
According to the Polish scientist and many other researchers, flying saucers rush along these underground communications from one end of the world to the other. (Ufologists have a huge amount of evidence that UFOs fly out of the ground and from the depths of the seas). Such tunnels have also been found in Ecuador, South Australia, USA, New Zealand. In addition, in many parts of the world, vertical, absolutely straight (like an arrow) wells with the same melted walls have been found. These wells have different depths from tens to several hundred meters. Mexico. Mitla. Mayan underground structures These structures have high quality finishes and are more like a bunker. The researchers also noticed that some of the details suggest that the Indians did not build, but only restored one of these structures from the blocks lying in the vicinity. There are especially many stories about the mysterious South American tunnels. Along the rugged roads that stretch across South America from Ecuador to Chile, archaeologists now and then excavate tunnels, the length of which testifies to the highest level of civilization of those who built them.

In 1991, a group of Peruvian cavers discovered a system of underground caves in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Rio Sinju River, in which traces of human activity were present. So, one of them was equipped with a stone slab rotating on balls. This mechanism for blocking the entrance could only be created by enlightened people. A tunnel of many kilometers stretched behind the door. And although several expeditions that have visited there have not yet managed to find out where it leads, there is hope that this riddle will be solved ... The famous English traveler and scientist Percy Fossett, who visited South America many times, mentioned in his books about extended caves located near the Popocatepetl and Inlacuatl volcanoes and in the area of \u200b\u200bMount Shasta. Some researchers have been able to see fragments of this underground empire. Meanwhile, the most authoritative archaeologists of Peru today do not in the least doubt the existence of an underground empire: it has not yet been explored, it, in their mind, extends under the seas and continents. And above the entrances to this grandiose underground in various parts of the world, there are ancient buildings: for example, in Peru it is the city of Cuzco ... Of course, not all scientists share the opinion of Peruvian specialists. And yet, many facts speak in favor of the underworld, indirectly proving its existence. Dungeons of Cusco An ancient legend is also associated with gold, which tells about the secret entrance to the vast labyrinth of underground galleries under the collapsed building of the Cathedral of Santo Domingo. As evidenced by the Spanish magazine "Mas alia", specializing in the description of all kinds of historical mysteries, this legend, in particular, tells that there are gigantic tunnels in length, crossing the vast mountainous territory of Peru and reaching Brazil and Ecuador. In the language of the Quechua Indians, they are called "Chinkana", which literally means "labyrinth". In these tunnels, the Incas, allegedly deceiving the Spanish conquistadors, hid a significant part of the gold wealth of their empire in the form of large-scale art items. Even a specific point in Cusco was indicated, where this labyrinth began and where the Temple of the Sun once stood. It was gold that glorified Cuzco (the only museum in the world dedicated to this noble metal is still operating here). But it also ruined him. The Spanish conquistadors, who conquered the city, plundered the Temple of the Sun, and all its wealth, including the golden statues in the garden, were loaded onto ships and sent to Spain. At the same time, rumors spread about the existence of underground halls and galleries, where the Incas allegedly hid some of the ritual gold items. There are snapshots of fragments of global dungeons in North America. Cape Perpetua. The gate to the dungeon. The world's longest Flint Mammoth Cave, 500 km of underground tunnels. Numerous speleological expeditions have established that the Mammoth Cave is connected to a number of nearby small caves. And the 1972 expedition discovered that there is a passage from Mammoth Cave to the Flint Ridge cave system. The author of the book about Shambhala, Andrew Thomas, based on a thorough analysis of the stories of American cavers, claims that there are direct underground passages in the mountains of California that lead to the state of New Mexico. Lost worlds of Africa There are many kilometers of tunnels under the Sahara Desert: from Sebha in Libya to the Ghat oasis near the Algerian border. These tunnels represent a huge underground water supply system. Scientists have calculated that the total length of the tunnels is approximately 1,600 km. These tunnels were carved into the rock more than five thousand years ago, which roughly coincides with the date of the emergence of the united state of Egypt. Underground tunnels of the island of Malta Many experts claim that the Maltese Hypogeum was built as a temple, a huge underground temple of death and birth with an intricate system of levels, passages, halls and traps. In addition, skeletons of 30 thousand people of the late Neolithic era and various artifacts were discovered in the Hypogeum. Now historians insist on recognizing it as the eighth wonder of the world - after all, judging by this mysterious room, a developed civilization existed in Malta long before Stonehenge and the era of the Egyptian pyramids. Many underground passages and tunnels, including prehistoric catacombs, were later included by the knight builders in the fortification system. As for the network of catacombs near Malta, some ancient sources indicate that it branched out not only under the surface of the island: the passages went inland and to the sides, continued under the sea and, according to rumors, stretched all the way to Italy. At least in antiquity, in ancient times, many sources indicated this. About existence in Of Russiasystems of global tunnels were written in his book "The Legend of the LSP" by a speleologist - a researcher who studies artificial structures - Pavel Miroshnichenko. The lines of global tunnels drawn by him on the map of the former USSR went from the Crimea through the Caucasus to the well-known Medveditskaya ridge. In each of these places, groups of ufologists, speleologists, researchers of the unknown discovered fragments of tunnels or mysterious bottomless wells. Since 1997, the Cosmopoisk expedition has carefully studied the notorious Medveditskaya ridge in the Volga region.
The researchers discovered and mapped an extensive network of tunnels stretching for tens of kilometers. The tunnels have a circular cross-section, sometimes oval, with a diameter of 7 to 20 m, maintaining a constant width and direction along the entire length. The tunnels are located at a depth of 6 to 30 meters from the surface of the earth. As you approach the hill on the Medveditskaya ridge, the diameter of the tunnels increases from 20 to 35 meters, and then up to 80 m, and already at the very hill, the diameter of the cavities reaches 120 m, turning into a huge hall under the mountain. Three seven-meter tunnels go from here at different angles. It seems that the Medveditskaya ridge is a junction, an intersection where tunnels from different regions converge. Researchers suggest that from here you can get not only to the Caucasus and Crimea, but also to the northern regions of Russia, to Novaya Zemlya and further to the North American continent. Under the Black Sea town of Gelendzhik, a bottomless mine with a diameter of about one and a half meters with strikingly smooth edges was discovered. Experts unanimously say: it was created using technology unknown to people and has existed for more than one hundred years. The undergrounds of the Urals keep many secrets. The first dungeons on the territory of Kievan Rus appeared before the X century, but all this was amateurishness in comparison with the caves of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. According to the official version, many kilometers of underground passages, cells, tombs and churches were created as an underground monastery. Despite the fact that the caves of the Kiev-Pechersk Holy Dormition Lavra have been studied, they keep many secrets. Some corridors have not been used for a very long time due to landslides. This is especially true of the Dalnye Caves, all the exits of which towards the Dnieper have long been abandoned, and in the 1930s they were bricked up and tightly cemented ... in Ukraine, in the Ternopil region is the world's second longest cave "Optimistic", not so long ago discovered by speleologists. To date, more than 200 kilometers of its passages have been opened. And it is believed that this is not the limit, and perhaps it is connected with other caves, forming a single network. In the study stage are now and gobi caves... Due to their inaccessibility - and the caves are located on the so-called "forbidden territory" associated with Shambhala, the habitat of the highest initiates - the Gobi dungeons have practically not been explored. But this is all just a cursory surface overview. There is no way just to even list all the mysterious dungeons and tunnels scattered around the world, and, most likely, connected together. The same goes for all the many catacombs, which are not just quarries. Their origin goes back to the depths of millennia. The catacombs are also not fully explored and may also be part of a single underground network of tunnels. Legends of the inhabitants of the dungeon It is difficult to find a people who did not have legends about creatures living in the darkness of the dungeons. They were much older than the human race and originated from representatives of other civilizations that disappeared from the surface of the earth. They possessed secret knowledge and crafts. In relation to humans, the inhabitants of the dungeons, as a rule, were hostile. Therefore, it can be assumed that fairy tales describe a really existing, and maybe even today existing, underground world. There are especially many legends about the underworld of Tibet and the Himalayas. Here in the mountains there are tunnels that go deep into the ground. Through them, the "initiate" can travel to the center of the planet and meet with representatives of ancient civilization. Tibetan lamas say that the ruler of the Underworld is the great King of the World, as he is called in the East. And his kingdom - Agarta, based on the principles of the Golden Age - has existed for at least 60 thousand years. People there know no evil and do not commit crimes. Science has reached an unprecedented prosperity there, so the underground people, who have reached incredible heights of knowledge, do not know diseases and are not afraid of any cataclysms. The King of the World wisely rules not only millions of his own underground subjects, but also secretly the entire population of the surface of the Earth. He knows all the hidden springs of the universe, he comprehends the soul of every human being and reads the great book of destinies. The kingdom of Agartha stretches underground all over the planet. There is also an opinion that the peoples of Agartha were forced to go underground after a universal cataclysm (flood) and submersion under the water of land - the ancient continents that existed on the site of the present oceans. In the underground workshops, tireless work is in full swing. Any metals are melted there and products from them are forged. In unknown chariots or other perfect devices, underground inhabitants rush through tunnels laid deep underground. The level of technical development of underground inhabitants exceeds the most daring imagination. But not only wise beings who give advice to "initiates" live in the underworld of India. Ancient Indian legends tell of the mysterious kingdom of the Nagas, hidden in the depths of the mountains. It is inhabited by people-snakes, who keep countless treasures in their caves. Cold-blooded like snakes, these creatures are incapable of experiencing human feelings. They cannot keep warm themselves and steal warmth, bodily and spiritual, from other living beings. The Hindus have legends about the Nagas - snake-like creatures living on land, in water or underground. In South America, there are amazing caves connected by endless intricate passages - the so-called chinkanas. The legends of the Indians say that people-snakes live in their depths. These caves are practically unexplored. By order of the authorities, all entrances to them are tightly closed with bars. Dozens of adventurers have already disappeared without a trace in the Chinkanas. Some tried to penetrate into the dark depths out of curiosity, others - because of the greed for profit: according to legends, the treasures of the Incas are hidden in the Chinkanas. Only a few managed to get out of the creepy caves. But even these "lucky ones" were permanently damaged in their minds. From the incoherent stories of the survivors, it can be understood that they met in the depths of the earth with strange creatures. These inhabitants of the underworld were both human and serpentine at the same time. A sub-latitudinal tunnel stretching from Crimea to the east in the Ural Mountains intersects with another one stretching from north to east. It is along this tunnel that you can hear stories about the “divy people” who came out to the local residents at the beginning of the last century. "Divya people", - is told in the epics widespread in the Urals, - they live in the Ural mountains, they have access to the world through caves. Their culture is the greatest. "Divya people" are small in stature, very beautiful and with a pleasant voice, but only a select few can hear them ... Among a number of researchers of the underworld there is a strong opinion that entrances to underground cities of humanoid inhabitants exist in the Pamirs and even at the poles of the Arctic and Antarctica. Life underground According to geologists, there is more water underground than in the entire World Ocean, and not all of it is in a bound state, i.e. only part of the water is part of minerals and rocks. By now, underground seas, lakes and rivers have been discovered.
It has been suggested that the waters of the World Ocean are associated with the underground water system, and, accordingly, there is not only the cycle and exchange of water between them, but also the exchange of biological species. Unfortunately, this area remains completely unexplored to date.

To believe or not to believe? To believe or not to believe all these stories? Any sane person will answer: "Don't believe!" But not everything is so simple. Let's try to reason logically. Let's think about how real a full-fledged human life underground is? Could there be an unknown culture or even a civilization next to us - or rather, below us - managing to limit contact with terrestrial humanity to a minimum? Going unnoticed? Is this possible? Does such "living" contradict common sense? In principle, a person can exist underground, and it would be pretty good - there would be money, Suffice it to recall the house-bunker, which is now being built by Tom Cruise: the megastar plans to hide in his underground home from aliens, who, in his opinion, will soon attack ours. The earth. In less "exposed", but no less solid bunker cities, the "chosen ones" are preparing to wait out the nuclear winter and the post-radiation period in the event of an atomic war - and this is a period during which more than one generation will get on their feet! Moreover, in China and Spain today many thousands of people do not live in houses, but in comfortable caves with all the amenities. True, these cave dwellers continue to actively contact the outside world and take part in terrestrial life.
But, perhaps, the most striking example of the adaptability of a huge number of people (and what is there - an entire civilization!) To the "lower" world is the underground city of Derinkuyu. Derinkuyu I have already made a post about the ancient underground city of Derinkuyu, which is located in the picturesque Turkish countryside of Cappadocia. http: //www.site/blogs/vokrug_sveta/55502_podzemnyj_gorod_derinkuyu Of course I don’t want to repeat myself, but I can’t help but remember him here either. Derinkuyu, which means "deep wells", got its name from the small Turkish town currently located above it. For a long time, no one thought about the purpose of these most strange wells, until in 1963 one of the local residents, who discovered a strange crack in his basement, from which fresh air was drawn, showed healthy curiosity. As a result, a multi-tiered underground city was found, numerous rooms and galleries of which, connected to each other by passages, tens of kilometers long, were carved into the rocks ... Already during the excavation of the upper tiers of Derinkuyu, it became clear: this is a discovery of the century. In the underground city, scientists discovered objects of material culture of the Hittites, a great Indo-European people who competed with the Egyptians for domination in Western Asia. Hittite kingdom, founded in the 18th century BC e., in the XII century BC. e. sunk into obscurity. Therefore, the discovery of an entire Hittite city became a real sensation. In addition, it turned out that the gigantic underground city is only part of the colossal labyrinth under the Anatolian plateau. Scientists have come to the conclusion that underground construction was carried out for at least nine (!) Centuries. Moreover, these were not just earthworks, albeit of a colossal volume. Ancient architects equipped the underground empire with a life support system, the perfection of which is striking even today. Everything here was thought out to the smallest detail: rooms for animals, warehouses for food, rooms for cooking and eating, for sleeping, for meetings ... At the same time, religious temples and schools were not forgotten. A precisely calculated blocking device made it easy to block the entrances to the dungeon with granite doors. And the ventilation system, which supplied the city with fresh air, continues to operate without fail to this day! Derinkuyu is not the only underground city found in Turkey. In 300 kilometers southeast of Ankara, Turkish archaeologists unearthed another, the creation of which dates back to the 7th century BC. e. Now it is called by the name of the nearby village - Kaymakli. On its seven floors, going into the depths of the earth, there are two-room "apartments" with compartments for food and food storage. The baths - smooth indentations in the stone - were designed to be filled with water from underground springs. And at any time of the year, thanks to a precisely calculated system of ventilation shafts, a constant temperature of +27 C was maintained in the premises.

We can say that this mystery has been solved, because modern researchers have already made their conclusion - we are not the only inhabitants on planet Earth. The evidence of ancient years, as well as the discoveries of scientists of the 20th - 21st centuries, argue that mysterious civilizations existed on Earth, or rather, underground from ancient times to the present day.

Representatives of these civilizations, for some reason, did not come into contact with people, but nevertheless they made themselves felt, and for a long time, terrestrial humanity has legends and legends about mysterious and strange people who sometimes come out of the caves. In addition, modern people have less and less doubts about the existence of UFOs, which were often observed flying out of the ground or from the depths of the seas.

Research carried out by NASA specialists together with French scientists have discovered underground cities, as well as an underground branched network of tunnels and galleries, stretching for tens and even thousands of kilometers in Altai, the Urals, Perm region, Tien Shan, Sahara and South America. And these are not those ancient land cities that collapsed and over time their ruins were covered with earth and forests. These are underground cities and structures erected in an unknown way right in the underground rocks.

Polish researcher Jan Paenk claims that a whole network of tunnels has been laid underground that lead to any country. These tunnels were created using high technology, unknown to people, and pass not only under the surface of the land, but also under the bed of the seas and oceans. The tunnels are not just pierced, but as if burned out in underground rocks, and their walls are a frozen melt of rocks - smooth as glass and have an extraordinary strength. Jan Paenk met with miners who came across such tunnels when driving Shreks. According to the Polish scientist and many other researchers, flying saucers rush along these underground communications from one end of the world to the other. (Ufologists have a huge amount of evidence that UFOs fly out of the ground and from the depths of the seas). Such tunnels have also been found in Ecuador, South Australia, USA, New Zealand. In addition, in many parts of the world, vertical, absolutely straight (like an arrow) wells with the same melted walls have been found. These wells have different depths from tens to several hundred meters.

The found underground map of the planet, compiled 5 million years ago, confirms the existence of a high-tech civilization.
For the first time, they started talking about the unknown underground people in 1946. This happened after the writer, journalist and scientist Richard Shaver told the readers of the American paranormal magazine "Amazing Stories" about his contact with extraterrestrials living underground. According to Shaver, he lived for several weeks in the underworld of mutants, similar to demons, described in ancient legends and tales of earthlings.
It would be possible to write off this "contact" on the freewheeling imagination of the writer, if not for hundreds of responses from readers who claimed that they also visited underground cities, communicated with their inhabitants and saw various miracles of technology, not only providing the underground inhabitants of the Earth with a comfortable existence in its very bowels, but also giving the opportunity ... to control the consciousness of earthlings!

In April 1942, with the support of Goering and Himmler, an expedition of the most advanced minds of Nazi Germany headed by Professor Heinz Fischer set out to search for an entrance to an underground civilization, supposedly located on the island of Rugen in the Baltic Sea. Hitler was convinced that at least some areas of the earth consisted of voids, inside which one could live and which had long been home to the overdeveloped peoples of antiquity. German scientists, in turn, hoped that if they were able to place modern radar devices at the desired geographical point under the earth's surface, then with their help it would be possible to track the exact location of the enemy in any part of the world. Almost every nation has myths about the race of Ancient creatures that inhabited the world millions of years ago. Infinitely wise, scientifically advanced and culturally developed, these creatures, driven underground by terrible catastrophes, created their own civilization there, which gives them everything they need. They don't want to have anything to do with people who are considered low, dirty and wild. But sometimes they steal human children in order to then raise them as their own. Ancient creatures are outwardly similar to ordinary people and live a very long time, but they appeared on our planet millions of years earlier than us.
In 1977, several American magazines published photographs obtained from the ECCA-7 satellite, showing a regular dark spot, similar to a huge hole, in the place where the North Pole should be located. Identical photographs were taken by the same satellite in 1981, could this be the entrance to the underworld?
Who are the inhabitants of the underworld?

In the history of the planet, there were many ice ages, collisions with meteorites, and other cataclysms that led to the disappearance of civilizations, the period between which cataclysms occurred is quite sufficient for the formation of a highly technical civilization.
Is it possible that some civilization could survive the "end of the world"?
Monsters or inhabitants of the underworld

Suppose that millions of years ago there was a high-tech civilization, during which there was a collision with a meteorite or other global cataclysm that changed the planet's climate, what would the civilization do then, most likely would try to survive, and if the planet's surface is not suitable for life and flight to another planet is not the level of technology allows, only the "underground shelter" remains.
Then the question is, what happened to civilization and why, after the climate change, the underground inhabitants did not come to the surface?
Maybe they simply could not, constant stay in conditions of a different climate and different gravity (underground gravitational pressure is significantly different from usual), in addition, it should be noted that there is no sunlight underground, technological lighting does not contain the full spectrum, and a long stay under technical lighting can also cause "weaning" from sunlight.

Considering that all this has been for millennia, it can be assumed that the underground civilization could have evolved greatly, perhaps even that a rejection of some aspects of the climate has developed, for example, sunlight, it is possible that sunlight simply burns the inhabitants of the underworld, all this is not as fantastic as it seems. Another aspect of survival, adaptation of food, since organizing "Vigitarian" food in the underworld is not very simple, and rather depends on the level of civilization, it is more possible that civilization switched to only animal food. Some of the above parameters, undoubtedly, should have influenced the culture and mentality of civilization, maybe some monsters are just inhabitants of the underworld?

The mysterious underground world exists not only in legends. In recent decades, the number of visitors to the caves has increased markedly. Deeper and deeper, adventurers and miners make their way into the bowels of the Earth, more and more often they come across traces of the activities of mysterious underground inhabitants. It turned out that under us there is a whole network of tunnels stretching for thousands of kilometers and enveloping the entire Earth in a network, and huge, sometimes even inhabited underground cities.

In South America, there are amazing caves connected by endless intricate passages - the so-called chinkanas. The legends of the Hopi Indians say that people-snakes live in their depths. These caves are practically unexplored. By order of the authorities, all entrances to them are tightly closed with bars. Dozens of adventurers have already disappeared without a trace in the Chinkanas. Some tried to penetrate into the dark depths out of curiosity, others - because of the greed for profit: according to legends, the treasures of the Incas are hidden in the Chinkanas. Only a few managed to get out of the creepy caves. But even these "lucky ones" were permanently damaged in their minds. From the incoherent stories of the survivors, it can be understood that they met in the depths of the earth with strange creatures. These inhabitants of the underworld were both human and serpentine at the same time.

There are snapshots of fragments of global dungeons in North America. The author of the book about Shambhala, Andrew Thomas, based on a thorough analysis of the stories of American cavers, claims that there are direct underground passages in the mountains of California that lead to the state of New Mexico.

Once the American military had to start exploring the mysterious thousand-kilometer tunnels. An underground nuclear explosion was carried out at a test site in the state of Nevada. Exactly two hours later, at a military base in Canada, 2,000 kilometers away from the explosion site, a radiation level 20 times higher than the norm was recorded. Geologists' research has shown that there is an underground cavity next to the Canadian base that connects to a huge cave system that runs through the North American continent.

There are especially many legends about the underworld of Tibet and the Himalayas. Here in the mountains there are tunnels that go deep into the ground. Through them, the "initiate" can travel to the center of the planet and meet with representatives of the ancient underground civilization. But not only wise beings who give advice to "initiates" live in the underworld of India. Ancient Indian legends tell of the mysterious kingdom of the Nagas, hidden in the depths of the mountains. It is inhabited by the Nanas - people-snakes who keep countless treasures in their caves. Cold-blooded like snakes, these creatures are incapable of experiencing human feelings. They cannot keep warm themselves and steal warmth, bodily and spiritual, from other living beings.

Pavel Miroshnichenko, a spelestologist and researcher who studies artificial structures, wrote about the existence of a system of global tunnels in Russia in his book "The Legend of the LSP". The lines of global tunnels drawn by him on the map of the former USSR went from the Crimea through the Caucasus to the well-known Medveditsa ridge. In each of these places, groups of ufologists, speleologists, researchers of the unknown discovered fragments of tunnels or mysterious bottomless wells.

For many years the Medveditskaya ridge has been studied by expeditions organized by the Cosmopoisk association. The researchers not only managed to record the stories of local residents, but also using geophysical equipment to prove the reality of the existence of the dungeons. Unfortunately, after the Second World War, the mouths of the tunnels were blown up.

A sub-latitudinal tunnel stretching from Crimea to the east in the Ural Mountains intersects with another one stretching from north to east. It is along this tunnel that you can hear stories about the “divy people” who came out to the local residents at the beginning of the last century. "Divya people", - is told in the epics widespread in the Urals, - they live in the Ural mountains, they have access to the world through caves. Their culture is the greatest. “Divya people” are small, very beautiful and with a pleasant voice, but only a select few can hear them ... An old man from “divya people” comes to the square and predicts what will happen. An unworthy person neither hears nor sees anything, and the peasants in those places know everything that the Bolsheviks hide. "

Legends of our days.

Meanwhile, the most authoritative archaeologists of Peru today do not in the least doubt the existence of an underground empire: it has not yet been explored, it, in their mind, extends under the seas and continents. And above the entrances to this grandiose underground in various parts of the world, there are ancient buildings: for example, in Peru it is the city of Cuzco ... Of course, not all scientists share the opinion of Peruvian specialists. And yet, many facts speak in favor of the underworld, indirectly proving its existence. The 1970s turned out to be the most fruitful for such evidence.

England. The miners, digging an underground tunnel, heard the sounds of working mechanisms coming from somewhere below. After breaking through, they found a staircase leading to an underground well. The sound of the working equipment increased, and therefore the workers were frightened and ran away. Returning after a while, they found neither the entrance to the well, nor the stairs.

USA. Anthropologist James McKenna and his colleagues surveyed a cave in Idaho that is notorious for the indigenous population. The locals believed that there was an entrance to the underworld. Scientists, delving into the dungeon, clearly heard screams and groans, and then discovered human skeletons. Further exploration of the cave had to be stopped due to the increasing smell of sulfur.

Under the Black Sea town of Gelendzhik, a bottomless mine with a diameter of about one and a half meters with strikingly smooth edges was discovered. Experts unanimously say: it was created using technology unknown to people and has existed for more than one hundred years.

Speaking about the underworld, one cannot discount the legends that have already appeared in our days. For example, modern Indians living in the mountainous regions of California say that very tall golden-haired people sometimes come from Mount Shasta: they once descended from heaven, but did not manage to adapt to life on the earth's surface. Now they live in a secret city, which is located inside an extinct volcano. And you can get into it only through mountain caves. By the way, Andrew Thomas, the author of the book about Shambhala, completely agrees with the Indians. The researcher believes that there are underground passages in Mount Shasta, going in the direction of New Mexico and further to South America.

Another underground people "discovered" by cavers: they are sure that deep caves around the world are inhabited by troglodytes. It is said that these cave dwellers sometimes appear in front of people; help in trouble those who respect their world, and punish those who desecrate the caves ...

To believe or not to believe?

To believe or not to believe all these stories? Any sane person will answer: "Don't believe!" But not everything is so simple. Let's try to reason logically. Let's think about how real a full-fledged human life underground is? Could there be an unknown culture or even a civilization next to us - or rather, below us - managing to limit contact with terrestrial humanity to a minimum? Going unnoticed? Is this possible? Does such "living" contradict common sense?

In principle, a person can exist underground, and it would be pretty good - there would be money, Suffice it to recall the house-bunker, which is now being built by Tom Cruise: the megastar plans to hide in his underground home from aliens, who, in his opinion, will soon attack ours. The earth. In less "exposed", but no less solid bunker cities, the "chosen ones" are preparing to wait out the nuclear winter and the post-radiation period in the event of an atomic war - and this is a period during which more than one generation will get on their feet! Moreover, in China and Spain today many thousands of people live not in houses, but in comfortable caves with all conveniences. True, these cave dwellers continue to actively contact the outside world and take part in terrestrial life. But the inhabitants of cave monasteries scattered all over the world - like the Greek Meteora - have always been almost completely cut off from the vain life. According to the degree of isolation, lasting for centuries, their existence can be considered underground.

But, perhaps, the most striking example of the adaptability of a huge number of people (and what is there - an entire civilization!) To the "lower" world is the underground city of Derinkuyu.

Derinkuyu

Derinkuyu, which means "deep wells", got its name from the small Turkish town currently located above it. For a long time, no one thought about the purpose of these most strange wells, until in 1963 one of the local residents, who discovered a strange crack in his basement, from which fresh air was drawn, showed healthy curiosity. As a result, a multi-tiered underground city was found, numerous rooms and galleries of which, connected to each other by passages, tens of kilometers long, were carved into the rocks ...

Already during the excavation of the upper tiers of Derinkuyu, it became clear: this is the discovery of the century. In the underground city, scientists discovered objects of material culture of the Hittites, a great people who competed with the Egyptians for domination in Western Asia. Hittite kingdom, founded in the 18th century BC e., in the XII century BC. e. sunk into obscurity. Therefore, the discovery of an entire Hittite city became a real sensation. In addition, it turned out that the gigantic underground city is only part of the colossal labyrinth under the Anatolian plateau. Scientists have come to the conclusion that underground construction was carried out for at least nine (!) Centuries. Moreover, these were not just earthworks, albeit of a colossal volume. Ancient architects equipped the underground empire with a life support system, the perfection of which is striking even today. Everything here was thought out to the smallest detail: rooms for animals, warehouses for food, rooms for cooking and eating, for sleeping, for meetings ... At the same time, religious temples and schools were not forgotten. A precisely calculated blocking device made it easy to block the entrances to the dungeon with granite doors. And the ventilation system, which supplied the city with fresh air, continues to operate without fail to this day!

In the presence of provisions in the underground city, up to two hundred thousand people could live at the same time indefinitely. The issue of restocking food stocks could be addressed in many ways, from domestic production to the use of "intermediary services". Apparently, there was no single scheme at all times.
But in the legends of different peoples, underground inhabitants get their food by exchange trade, secret fishing or even theft. The latter option, however, is only suitable for small underground communities: Derinkuyu could hardly feed himself in this way. By the way, most likely, it was the production of food that became the reason that the terrestrial inhabitants had thoughts about the existence of "children of the dungeons" ...
The traces of the Hittites who lived underground can be traced back to the Middle Ages, and then they are lost. The developed underground civilization managed to secretly exist for almost two millennia, and after its disappearance, it did not open up to the terrestrial world for more than a thousand years. And this amazing fact alone allows us to make an unambiguous conclusion: yes, it is still possible to live underground secretly from people!

This is a huge underground city that goes underground for 8 floors.

Always +27.

Underground america

Legends and myths of many peoples of the world tell about the existence of various intelligent beings underground. In truth, few sane people have ever taken these narratives seriously. But now our time has come, and some researchers began to write about the underground city of Agartu. The entrance to this secret dwelling under the ground is supposedly under the Lasha monastery in Tibet. The absolute majority of representatives of official science reacted to such statements with slight irony. But on the other hand, reports of mysterious entrances to the dungeons and bottomless mines may perhaps interest not only an inquisitive person, but also a serious scientist.

Among a number of researchers of the underworld, there is a strong opinion that entrances to underground cities of humanoid inhabitants exist in Ecuador, the Pamirs, and even at the poles of the Arctic and Antarctic.

It was in the area of \u200b\u200bMount Shasta that, according to Indian eyewitnesses, several times we saw people who were not like the local people, emerging from the ground. According to the written testimony of many Indians, you can get to the underworld through various caves located near the sacred volcanoes Popocatelpetl and Inlacuatl. Here, according to the assurances of the same Indians, they sometimes met tall and fair-haired strangers coming out of the dungeon.

Even at one time, the famous English traveler and scientist Percy Fawcett, who visited South America six times, said that he had repeatedly heard from the Indians living in the mountainous regions that they often see strong, large and golden-haired people descending and ascending into the mountains.

Even 30 years ago, both people and animals disappeared without a trace near Gelendzhik. And in the early 70s of the last century, people accidentally discovered and immediately fenced off a bottomless mine with a diameter of about 1.5 meters. Its walls are smooth, as if polished, without any traces of formwork. Experts almost unanimously say that it has probably existed for more than one hundred years and was created using a technology that is not known to modern mankind. The first attempt of scientists and cavers to thoroughly examine the phenomenon ended in tragedy. Of the five members of the expedition, one disappeared, and four died a few days after descending on ropes to a depth of 25 meters. The deceased in the mine sank 30 meters, and at that moment his partners first heard some strange sounds, and then the wild cry of his comrade. Those who remained at the top immediately began to lift their colleague out of the mine, but the rope at first tugged like a string, and then suddenly loosened. The lower end was cut off like a knife. There were subsequent, however, short-term attempts to study this bottomless well by the method of lowering it into it. They gave practically nothing. Then a TV camera was lowered into the mine. The rope was gradually built up to 200 meters, and all this time the camera showed the bare walls. That's all that is known today about the Gelendzhik phenomenon.

Such bottomless wells are found on all continents of the planet.

The most authoritative archaeologists of Peru today do not in the least doubt the existence of a completely unexplored underground empire stretching under the seas and continents. In their opinion, there are ancient cities and buildings above the entrances to them in various parts of the continents. For example, in their opinion, one of such places is Cuzco in Peru.

In this regard, the most intriguing story is about the underground city of La Cecana in the Andes. More recently, in the University Library of the city of Cuzco, archeology discovered a report on the disaster that befell a group of researchers from France and the United States in 1952. In the vicinity of the named city, they found an entrance to the dungeon and began to prepare to descend into it. Scientists were not going to stay there for a long time, so they took food for 5 days. However, only 15 days later, out of 7 people, only one Frenchman Philippe Lamontiere made it to the surface. He was emaciated, suffered from memory gaps, almost lost his human appearance, and besides, he soon showed clear signs of infection with the deadly bubonic plague. While in the hospital, the Frenchman was mostly delirious, but still sometimes talked about the bottomless abyss into which his companions fell. Nobody took his words seriously, and therefore no rescue expedition was carried out. Moreover, out of fear of a plague epidemic that Philippe Lamontiere brought with him, the authorities ordered to immediately block the entrance to the dungeon with a reinforced concrete slab. The Frenchman died a few days later, and after him there was an ear of corn made of pure gold, which he lifted with him from the ground. Now this underground find is kept in the Museum of Archeology of Cuzco.

More recently, the most authoritative researcher of the Inca civilization, Dr. Raul Rios Centeno, tried to repeat the route of the tragically missing expedition of the French and Americans. He gathered a group of 6 specialists and obtained permission from the authorities to enter the dungeon through the already studied entrances. However, having outwitted the guards, the archaeologists went into the dungeon through a room under the tomb of a dilapidated temple a few kilometers from Cusco. From here came a long, gradually tapering corridor, like part of a huge ventilation system. Some time later, the expedition was forced to stop, since the walls of the tunnel, for some unknown reason, did not reflect infrared rays. Then the researchers decided to use a special radio filter, which suddenly worked when tuned to the frequency of aluminum. This fact plunged all the participants into complete bewilderment. Where did this metal come from in the prehistoric labyrinth? They began to examine the walls. And it turned out that they have a skin of unknown origin and high density, which was not taken by any instrument. The tunnel continued to narrow steadily until its height reached 90 cm. People had to turn back. On the way back, the guide escaped, fearing that he would eventually be severely punished for assisting scientists in their illegal actions. This was the end of the expedition. Dr. Centeno was not allowed to repeat further research even in the highest state authorities ...

Tibetan lamas say that the lord of the Underworld
is the great King of the World, as he is called in the East. And his kingdom -
Agartha, based on the principles of the Golden Age - there are at least 60
thousand years. People there know no evil and do not commit crimes. Unseen
science flourished there, therefore the underground people, who reached
incredible heights of knowledge, does not know diseases and is not afraid of any
cataclysms. The King of the World wisely rules not only millions of his own
underground subjects, but also secretly by the entire population of the surface
parts of the earth. He knows all the hidden springs of the universe, he comprehends the soul
every human being and reads the great book of destinies.

The kingdom of Agartha stretches underground all over the planet. And under the oceans too.
There is also an opinion that the peoples of Agartha were forced to switch to
underground residence after a universal cataclysm (flood) and immersion
under the water of the land - the ancient continents that existed in the place of the present
oceans. As the Himalayan lamas say, in the caves of Agartha there is
a special glow that even allows you to grow vegetables and cereals. Chinese
Buddhists know that the ancient people who took refuge after another
death underground, lives in the caves of America. Here they are -
Ecuadorian dungeons of Erich von Denniken in the foothills of the South American
Andes. Recall that information gleaned from Chinese sources,
promulgated in 1922, that is, exactly half a century before the irrepressible
the Swiss began his fantastic descent to a depth of 240 meters to
mysterious repositories of ancient knowledge, lost in hard-to-reach
places in the Ecuadorian province of Morona-Santiago.

In the underground workshops, tireless work is in full swing. Any metals melt there
and products are forged from them. In unknown chariots or other perfect
gadgets rush underground inhabitants through tunnels laid deep
underground. The level of technical development of underground inhabitants exceeds
wildest imagination.

Dungeons of Cusco

An ancient legend is also associated with gold, which tells of a secret entrance to a vast labyrinth of underground galleries under a collapsed building. As evidenced by the Spanish magazine "Mas alia", specializing in the description of all kinds of historical mysteries, this legend, in particular, tells that there are gigantic tunnels in length, crossing the vast mountainous territory of Peru and reaching Brazil and Ecuador. In the language of the Quechua Indians, they are called "Chinkana", which literally means "labyrinth". In these tunnels, the Incas, allegedly deceiving the Spanish conquistadors, hid a significant part of the gold wealth of their empire in the form of large-scale artwork. Even a specific point in Cusco was indicated, where this labyrinth began and where the Temple of the Sun once stood.

It was gold that glorified Cuzco (the only museum in the world dedicated to this noble metal is still operating here). But it also ruined him. The Spanish conquistadors, who conquered the city, plundered the Temple of the Sun, and all its wealth, including the golden statues in the garden, were loaded onto ships and sent to Spain. At the same time, rumors spread about the existence of underground halls and galleries, where the Incas allegedly hid some of the ritual gold items. This rumor is indirectly confirmed by the chronicle of the Spanish missionary Felipe de Pomares, who told in the 17th century about the fate of the Inca prince, who confessed to his Spanish wife Maria de Esquivel about the mission "sent down to him by the gods": to preserve the most valuable storages of their ancestors.

Blindfolded his wife, the prince led her through one of the palaces into the dungeon. After long journeys, they found themselves in a huge hall. The prince removed the bandage from his wife's eyes, and in the faint light of a torch she saw golden statues of all twelve Inca kings, reaching the height of a teenager; a lot of gold and silver dishes, figures of birds and animals made of gold. As a loyal subject of the king and a devout Catholic, Maria de Esquivel reported on her husband to the Spanish authorities, describing in detail about her journey. But the prince, sensing unkindness, disappeared. The last thread that could lead to the underground labyrinth of the Incas was cut off.

Archaeologists find a network of mysterious tunnels in Malta

In Malta, in the city of Valletta, archaeologists have found a network of underground tunnels. Now researchers are racking their brains: whether it is an underground city of the Order of Malta, or an ancient water supply or sewerage system.
For centuries, it was believed that the Knights-Crusaders had built an underground city on the Mediterranean island of Malta, and rumors circulated among the population about the secret passages and military labyrinths of the Hospitaller Order.

Ar Dalam cave

They built a garage, and found ancient tunnels
This winter, researchers found a network of tunnels beneath the historic center of the Maltese capital, Valletta. These tunnels date from the late 16th - early 17th centuries. It was then that the knights of one of the largest Christian military orders during the crusades of the 11th-13th centuries were busy fortifying Valletta to repel Muslim attacks.

“Many said that there are passages and even a whole underground city. But the question is - where were these tunnels? Did they even exist? Now we think we have found at least a small part of these underground structures, ”said archaeologist Claude Borg, who took part in the excavation.

The tunnels were discovered on February 24 during an archaeological survey, which was carried out on Palace Square opposite the Palace of the Grand Master. The palace used to belong to the head of the Order of Malta, and today it houses the legislative institutions and the presidential office of Malta. Archaeological exploration was carried out prior to the construction of the underground parking lot.

Mdina

Underground city or aqueduct?
First, the workers found an underground reservoir right under the square. Near its bottom, at a depth of about 12 m, they found a hole in the wall - the entrance to the tunnel. It walked under the square and then connected to other canals. An attempt to pass through these corridors was unsuccessful - they were blocked. All corridors found have a high enough vault for an adult to pass through. However, researchers believe that this is only part of an extensive plumbing system.

Restoration architect Edward Said of Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna considers the discovery "just the tip of the iceberg." In his opinion, the tunnels found are part of the water supply and sewerage system, which also includes corridors where those who followed the tunnels and kept them in order could walk.

Building Valletta
The Order of Malta, founded in 1099, became famous for their victories over Muslims during the Crusades. In 1530, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V handed over the island of Malta to the knights. In 1565, the Order, led by the Grand Master La Valletta, was attacked by the Ottoman Turks, but managed to withstand the Great Siege of Malta.

However, this military experience prompted them to begin building a fortress in Malta, named after the master Valletta. The fortification was built on a hill, but there was a lack of natural water sources. According to Sed, the main goal of the city's builders was to provide themselves with the necessary supplies in case of future sieges.

paul's cave

“They soon realized that there was not enough rainwater and springs at their disposal,” said the architect.

Aqueduct and plumbing
Therefore, the builders erected an aqueduct, the remains of which have survived to this day: water entered the city from a valley located west of Valletta. The location of the tunnels under the Palace Square also confirms the idea that they were built precisely as a water supply system. Probably, a large fountain in Palace Square was supplied through underground canals and a reservoir. When the British ruled the island (1814-1964), the fountain was demolished.

the end
How the knights are gone
In 1798, Napoleon expelled the knights from Malta. Now the Order of Malta continues to exist, but its seat is in Rome.
“The fountain was quite an important source of water for the city's residents,” Borg said.

According to Sad, archaeologists have found the remains of centuries-old lead pipes. The corridors connected to this tunnel could have been service passages used by plumbing engineers or so-called fountains.

“The engineer servicing the fountain, along with a team of workers, had to check the system and keep the fountain in good condition. They also turned off the fountain at night, ”Sad said.

The underground city didn't exist?
The tales of secret military passages, according to Sed, have more basis. Secret corridors for warriors could indeed exist under the fortress walls. However, according to Sed, most of the legends about the underground city are in fact stories about the plumbing system.

According to the researcher, the Valletta pipeline system was very progressive for its time. If, for example, you compare Valletta with such large cities of that time as London or Vienna, then the Maltese city of the 16th-17th centuries was much cleaner, while others were literally drowned in mud.

Following these findings, the Maltese government announced that the construction of the underground car park was being postponed. A new fountain is about to be erected in the square, and the tunnels, Sed hopes, will subsequently be opened to the general public.

Mexico. Mitla. Mayan underground structures

According to participants, these structures have high quality finishes and are more like a bunker. They also notice that according to some details it can be judged that the Indians did not build, but only restored one of these structures from the blocks lying around in the vicinity.

Underground Giza

Pyramids, sphinx, ruins of ancient temples on the Giza plateau have amazed the imagination of people for more than one millennium. And here's a new discovery. It has been established that huge, completely unexplored underground structures are hidden under the pyramids. Scientists suggest that the network of tunnels can extend over tens of kilometers.

While studying one of the tombs, scientists accidentally leaned against the wall, and the rock collapsed. Archaeologists have found the beginning of one of the tunnels. Later, it was believed that the tunnels permeate the entire Giza plateau, on which the great pyramids stand. The chief keeper of Egyptian antiquities said that a group of local and foreign archaeologists began work on drawing up a kind of map of the underground passages under the pyramids. The works are carried out both on the ground and from the air using aerial photography. Exploring the tunnels will give you a fresh perspective on the entire Giza pyramid complex.

There are about 300 archaeological expeditions in Egypt. Their goal is to study and preserve already found objects. Now several groups of scientists are excavating the unique temple. It may even eclipse the famous temple in Luxor. There is reason to believe that there is a huge, previously unknown complex of buildings, palaces and temples underground. A big obstacle for scientists is that houses, roads and communications have already been built on the lands that covered these unique structures.

Since the declassification of the new deep radar 2 years ago, information about underground complexes and labyrinths from many places in the world began to appear. In places like Guatemala in South America, tunnels are recorded under the Tikal complex, leading 800 kilometers across the country. Researchers note that perhaps with the help of these tunnels, the Maya Indians escaped the complete destruction of their culture.

In early 1978, a similar radar (SIRA) was deployed in Egypt and incredible underground complexes were discovered beneath the Egyptian pyramids. A research agreement was signed with Egyptian President Sadat, and the work of this secret project has been going on for 3 decades.

Dungeons Kolobros

The Huaraz Plateau in the Western Cordillera has long been considered the secret refuge of the sorcerers of Peru. They say they know how to summon the spirits of the dead and materialize them. They can sharply increase and decrease the temperature of the surrounding air, which is necessary for the appearance of "shining carts, guided by the heavenly patrons." Unfortunately, few of the strangers managed to become participants in these magical rites. One of them, the Englishman Joseph Ferrier, visited the mysterious underground settlement of Kolobros in 1922. And he was so shocked by what he saw that he was not too lazy to write a lengthy essay for the magazine "British Pathfinder", preceded by an oath assurance: "I vouch for the absolute truthfulness of the above."

Joseph Ferrier is silent about how he managed to become a guest of the system of underground labyrinths forbidden for outsiders, “very confusing and cramped, almost unsuitable for free breathing and movement, but with salts, in which they are forced to live from birth to death. Because the life of every hereditary sorcerer has a special meaning, nowhere else but on the local plateau ”. What is this meaning? According to Ferrier, as follows:

“Underground sorcerers do not draw a line between the world of the living and the world of the dead. It is believed that both the living and the dead are only spirits. The only difference is that until the moment of death, the spirit of each of us languishes in a bodily shell. After death, it is released, becoming a spirit outside the body. Therefore, using special techniques, sorcerers ensure that the spirits who have taken flesh can be next to us, among us. Believe it or not, copies of these once living are found in labyrinths, walking among the living. I myself have repeatedly confused phantoms with people. Only Kolobros sorcerers do not confuse ”.

The rituals of materialization, the creation of phantoms, are practiced in a large hall shaped like an isosceles triangle. The walls and ceiling are covered with copper plates. The floor is paved with wedge-shaped bronze slabs.

“As soon as I crossed the threshold of this ritual room,” Ferrier writes, “I immediately received eight or ten electric shocks. Doubts disappeared. The metallized room did not differ much from the metallized inner volume of the condenser jar, and, apparently, was needed by the sorcerers-mediums for their afterlife rites. I was convinced of this when they stood in their loincloths, clasped their hands, and began to sing a song without words. My ears buzzed. I bit my tongue when I saw thin silvery bands spinning around the heads of the sorcerers, scattering wet cold sparkles. Sequins fell on the copper underfoot, forming a kind of spider web, red like blood. Faintly visible likenesses of human bodies slowly sprouted from the cobweb. They stood, vibrating shaky from the drafts of the galleries. The sorcerers, having opened their hands and stopped singing, began, dancing, to rub the resin columns installed in the center of the hall with shreds of wool. Several minutes passed. The air was filled with electricity, began to flicker.

Finding the power of speech, I asked the sorcerer Aotuk, what will happen next? Aotuk said that further the shadows of the summoned dead will become solid, suitable for being in our world. " The sorcerers of the Kolobros dungeon have achieved the impossible. Obeying the most ancient magical techniques, discharged, light as smoke, shadows became completely indistinguishable from people - thinking, with beating hearts, capable of lifting and carrying weights weighing up to ten kilograms, sometimes more. The rituals of "humanizing disembodied spirits" seemed to Ferrier to be similar to the European medieval rituals of summoning the dead. Whether this is so can be judged by an excerpt from the sketch:

“The most dangerous ritual for sorcerers to lure the dead takes a lot of bodily strength. Best of all, the Sabbath is successful in the period between the autumn equinox and the winter solstice. The magical New Year in the labyrinths of Kolobros begins on November 1 with a “silent supper” around the altar table covered with a triangular canvas, on which are a pewter goblet, black cord and censer, iron trident and knife, hourglass, seven burning candles.

Each sorcerer wears on his chest a protective golden pictogram in the form of a grinning skull, framed by four lead bones. As soon as it is closer to midnight, the upper vessel of the clock is freed from the sand, the sorcerers kindle incense and begin to invite guests to the meal. When they approach, the trident begins to flash with a blue light, the knife - red. The cord burns out completely. Flames erupt from the floor, repeating the contours of the Egyptian sacred cross, symbolizing eternal life. Throwing a wooden skull and bones into the fire - the sign of Osiris - the sorcerers loudly exclaim: "Rise from the dead!" The chief sorcerer pierces the flaming cross with a luminous trident. The flame is extinguished immediately. The candles go out too. Silence, saturated with the smell of incense, disappears. A strong phosphoric glow spreads under the ceiling.

“Go away, go away, shadows of the dead. We will not allow you to come to us until you become alive for us. May there be agreement between us. Yes, be that! " - the sorcerers shout deafeningly. There are no shadows anymore. Instead of shadows, there are detailed bodily repetitions with which to consult when important decisions are required.

Ask why underground sorcerers in clothes prefer loincloths? Because negotiations with the resurrected ones thin the fabrics of the clothes, no matter how good the fabrics are. I had a new linen suit. Several conversations with the resurrected, a few touches to them - and my suit fell into disrepair, as happens under the influence of decay. "

Ferrier argues that the resurrected are not eternal. Everyone lingers among the Kolobros sorcerers for at least a year: “When the figure of the“ neighbor ”fades, when his inner energy is depleted, a rite of return to the shadows is arranged for him - a quick, purely formal one. How else? Knowledge gained. "Neighbor" is not needed. He, no matter how much the sorcerers want, will never return. " However, it is from this fleeting rite that the main rite - the heavenly carts - begins. Ferrier does not write anything about the magical components of this action. He only reports that he saw how in the sky over the Huaras plateau "with a terrible roar and grinding, the fiery wheels rushed and crashed into the edge of the Kolobros canyon." The sorcerers did not allow him to meet with the "gods of the seventh heaven", citing the fact that mere mortals cannot communicate with immortals. To Ferrier's objection that the sorcerers themselves, being mortals, nevertheless meet with the heavenly gods, the inhabitants of Kolobros replied that contacts are not frequent, they are carried out only on the initiative of immortals who make meetings safe. Describing the level of knowledge of the gods, Ferrier says that they have gone so far ahead that "they have long forgotten what the best minds of mankind are just beginning to contemplate." Even experienced speleologists do not risk visiting the labyrinths of Kolobros. One of them, American Michael Stern, dreams of being there. The expedition plans for the summer of 2008, not paying attention to the more frequent natural anomalies. These are local earthquakes, and nightly above-ground glow, and mud geysers in the area of \u200b\u200blabyrinths, and flights of fireballs, and "landing" of ghosts with pear-shaped heads. The locals have no doubt that the Kolobros dungeons are still inhabited. The way there is ordered by a stranger without the knowledge of the owners. Stern persists: “I am not a slave to superstition, I don’t believe in sorcerers. For me, Kolobros is just a system of deep, difficult to pass caves, nothing more. " At the beginning of the last century, Joseph Ferrier also thought so ...

Agarthi (Agarthi) - the underground country

The only and still unconfirmed sources of information about the mysterious Agharti are the publication of the Pole F. Ossendowski, a member of the Council of Ministers in the Kolchak government, who served as director of the Credit Chancellery2 during the civil war in the Siberian government, and subsequently fled to Mongolia, which is similar in the description of this center, and, published twelve years earlier, Saint-Yves d'Alveidre's Mission to India. Both authors claim the existence of the underworld - a spiritual center that has a non-human origin, and keeps the Primordial wisdom, passing it down through the centuries from generation to generation by secret societies. The inhabitants of the underworld are far superior in their technical development to mankind, have mastered unknown energies and are connected with all continents through underground passages. A comparative analysis of both versions of the Agharti myth was carried out in his work “King of the World” by the French scientist Rene Guénon: “If there really are two versions of this story originating from sources that are very distant from each other, it was interesting to find them and make a thorough comparison”.

The French esoteric thinker, the Marquis of Saint-Yves d'Alveidre (1842-1909) left a noticeable mark on history, writing books about ancient occult history3 and formulating a new universal law of history and human society, which he called "Synarchy". The ideas of a new world order, set forth in the teachings of Saint-Yves "Synarchy", attracted the attention of the future leaders of the National Socialist Party in Germany. According to Saint Yves, all information about Agartha was received by him "from the Afghan prince Kharji Sharif, the envoy of the World Occult Government" and the Agartha center is located in the Himalayas. This is a whole cave center with a population of 20 million people - "the most secret sanctuary of the Earth", keeping in its depths the chronicles of mankind for the entire time of its evolution on this earth during 556 centuries, recorded on stone tablets4. The chronology of mankind and the prescription of the teachings of Saint Ives, relying on Indian sources, leads to the era of the progenitor of mankind, the legendary Manu, i.e. 55,647 years ago. In his literary work, oriented, as he wrote, "for educated people, the most enlightened secular people and statesmen", Saint-Yves describes in detail and convincingly the state structure of Agharti and gives quite original details, for example, such as:

“The modern mystical name of the Sanctuary of the Cycle of Rama was given to it about 5100 years ago, after the split of Irshu. This name is "Agartha", which means: "inaccessible to violence", "unattainable for Anarchy." It is enough for my readers to know that in some regions of the Himalayas, among 22 temples depicting the 22 arcana of Hermes and 22 letters of some sacred alphabets5, Agartha constitutes the mystical Zero (0). "Not found".
* “None of our terrible punishment systems are applied in Agartha, and there are no prisons. There is no death penalty. Begging, prostitution, drunkenness, cruel individualism are completely unknown in Agharti. The division into castes is unknown. "
* “Among the tribes expelled from the great University (Agartha) there is one wandering tribe, which, since the 15th century, has been showing all of Europe its strange experiences. This is the true origin of the gypsies (Bohami - in sanctuary, "Get away from me").
* Agartha can follow Souls at all ascending degrees of the worlds up to the extreme limits of our solar system. In some cosmic periods one can see and speak with the dead. This is one of the secrets of the ancient Ancestor Cult ”.
* The sages of Agartha "checked the boundaries of the last flood on our Planet and determined the possible starting point of its renewal in thirteen or fourteen centuries."
* "The founder of Buddhism, Shakyamuni, was initiated at the Agartta Sanctuary, but he could not take his notes out of Agartta and subsequently dictated to his first disciples only what his memory could hold."
* “Not a single initiate can take away from Agartha the original texts of her scientific works, for, as I have already said, they are engraved on the stone in the form of signs incomprehensible to the crowd. The threshold of the Sanctuary is inaccessible without the will of the disciple. Its basement is built magically, in various ways, in which the Divine word plays a role, as in all ancient temples. "
* "The sacred texts, due to political conditions, were systematically changed everywhere, with the exception of only one Agartha, where all the lost secrets of the Hebrew-Egyptian text of our own Scriptures and the keys to their mysteries are preserved"

Saint Yves does not give an answer to the question of where Agartha is, there is only one indirect indication in the text that symbolically Agartha touches Afghanistan with his head, and with his legs, i.e. its foot rests on Burmania. This territory corresponds to the area of \u200b\u200bthe Himalayan mountains, little explored at that time. A striking description of the most secret sanctuary on Earth, which has lost ancient knowledge, subsequently inspired the search for this secret sanctuary in Tibet, both by various scientists and adventurers, and by statesmen from different countries planning to send expeditions to little-explored regions of Central Asia, in particular to establish an alliance with Agartha.

Incredible facts

Many have heard that people sometimes go to live in caves, abandoned mines or underground tunnels. In literature, you can often find stories about the people of the dungeon... However, underground cities do not only exist in novels and films. They are quite real.

Underground cities were built primarily for protection from enemies, wild animals, weather conditions, and even for illegal activities. find out about the most interesting underground cities in the world and interesting facts related to them.

1) Secret underground city in Beijing, China

Since 1969 and for the next decade by order Mao Tse-tung in Beijing, they began to build an underground emergency shelter for the government. This hideout is stretched out under Beijing for a distance 30 kilometers... The giant city was built during the period of the Sino-Soviet split, and its sole purpose was to defend themselves in case of war.

Entrance to Beijing Underground City

This underground city was home to shops, restaurants, schools, theaters, hairdressers and even a roller skating rink. In the city, one could also find about thousands of bomb shelters, and he could simultaneously accommodate up to 40 percent residents of Beijing in case of war.

Tourists roam the underground streets of Beijing today

It was rumored that houses in Beijing have secret hatchesthat allowed residents to quickly descend into this underground complex in case of danger. In 2000, the giant underground city was officially opened to tourists, and some of its hideouts are used as youth hostels.

2) Putin's underground city Yamantau, Russia

Not far from the ski resort "Abzakovo", 60 kilometers from Magnitogorsk, which in the south of the Urals, according to some sources, is secret underground city for members of the Russian government... The secret base is covered with many rumors and assumptions, including it is said that this facility began to be built during the Cold War.

Ski resort "Abzakovo", South Ural, Russia

President Putin visits a ski resort "Abzakovo" quite often, however, when asked why this particular place attracts the president so much, he never answered. Rumors spread that skiing was not the main reason for the arrival, but construction of a secret underground city on Mount Yamantau.

Mount Yamantau in Bashkortostan

They started talking about the city yet in the 1990s in the American and other foreign press. Foreign journalists tried to find out at least some details from officials, but their attempts were unsuccessful. It is very likely that the articles themselves were based more on rumorsthan on real facts.

3) Underground city near Moscow, Russia

Everyone knows that Moscow is all cut up underground tunnels, passages and subway structures, which in Soviet times was considered the most beautiful, fastest and largest metro in the world. Much has changed today, but people still talk about mysteries of the underground city near Moscow - a series of underground bunkers built in Soviet times, and maybe even earlier.

"Secret Metro" Moscow really exists and is intended, first of all, for the military and members of the government in the event of a nuclear war or other dangerous situations. Secret lines connect major government facilities, including the Kremlin, the building of the Ministry of Defense and so on.

The lines of the secret metro, according to some very curious researchers of this issue, are no different from the main lines... Why not connect some of these lines to the main branches, given how busy the Moscow metro is today? Apparently, there are reasons for this, and the underground city is waiting in the wings.

4) City in the rock Setenil de las Bodegas, Spain

Unlike many other underground cities, this city in Spain lives a full life and accommodates about 3 thousand inhabitants... Some of the houses in this city are not entirely underground, but are carved into the rock, which makes the cityscapes especially unusual. The houses seem to be drowned in stones.

Thanks to such unusual buildings, the town attracts many tourists who come here to see unique cave houses... In the distant times of Ancient Rome, the city served as a fortress.

5) Cave city Chufut-Kale, Crimea

This cave city, located in Crimea, was built back in the early Middle Ages, and although most of it turned into ruins, some ancient buildings still remained: caves, the mausoleum of the daughter of Khan Tokhtamysh, gates and others.

Entrances to the underground dwellings of the ghost town of Chufut-Kale

Originally in the city lived alans - Iranian-speaking tribes, later moved here cumans, and in the 14th century began to flock here karaites, and at the time of the formation of the Crimean Khanate, most likely, they were the main inhabitants. At one time, the Khan of the independent Crimea even permanently resided in Chufut-Kale. Late 19th century the city was completely abandoned by the inhabitants.

6) Secret Cellars of Moose Joe Gangsters, Canada

Underground cities were sometimes built not at all for protection during military conflicts, but for protection during harsh weather conditions... For example, the city of Moose Jo in central Canada has a series of tunnels and underpasses that were built to keep workers warm. However, these underground premises were used for illegal purposes very soon after construction.

Moose Jo's tunnels were chosen criminals, smugglers and bandits during Prohibition in the United States. The underground city turned into a mini Las Vegas and hosted illegal establishments where casinos and prostitution flourished. They say the Chicago gangster Al Capone had something to do with these basements, so they began to be called "Chicago connection".

Today the "Chicago Connection" houses a museum with an armory room, a wine cellar and many interesting things from the times of gangsters

7) The mysterious city of the Gods in Egypt

Great Pyramids of Giza - the only one of the wonders of the ancient world that has come down to us. Many researchers believe that something incredible is located under the Giza plateau, namely series of underground tunnels and chambers.

Starting out since 1978, researchers began mapping the outlines of a massive underground complex that could potentially turn out to be a huge underground city.

Known as "City of the Gods", this city still hides many secrets. Since it is located directly under one of the most important historical monuments in the world, the integrity of which no one will disturb, these secrets are unlikely to be easily discovered in the near future.

Opponents of the theory about the City of Gods are convinced that no underground city under the pyramids exists, and the story about it was invented, to attract more tourists.

8) Coober Pedy Underground Gem City, Australia

Coober Pedy - a city that is still inhabited. It is located in the desert part of central Australia and is home to about 1600 inhabitants... The city is considered "the capital of opal", since more of this semi-precious stone is mined here than anywhere else on the planet.

Entrance to the Coober Pedy dungeon: it's hard to imagine what is hidden under the ground

The city has underground houses - dugouts, which were dug in order to protect themselves from the scorching sun of the desert, as well as to protect children from wild dingo dogs and local aborigines.

Opal deposits first discovered at Coober Pedy in 1915Since then, these places have been inhabited by gem hunters. If you have opal jewelry, chances are that this the stone was brought from Australia, or rather, from the mines of Coober Pedy. Underground you can find not only the dwellings of local residents, but also restaurants, shops and even a church and a cemetery!

9) Island city with underground restaurants Kish, Iran

In the dungeon city \u200b\u200bof Kish in Iran hides a mysterious city, which is so shrouded in mystery that it does not even have an official name. Some people call this city Kariz, however, tourists often refer to it as the Underground City of Kish. The underground premises have a total area of \u200b\u200babout 10 thousand square meters.

This dungeon is over 2,500 years old and was originally used as reservoir and water supply system... Like many other ancient cities, this city has been renovated and turned into a tourist destination. Today you can find cozy underground restaurants, shops and other establishments here.

10) Burlington Underground Bunker, England

There is also a secret underground city in England, it was named Burlington... This city was built in the 1950s for the British government to take refuge in the event of a nuclear war. The dungeon is not very large - only a thousand square meters, but it could freely fit about 4 thousand people.

The city had underground highways, railway stations, hospitals and even an underground lake for storing drinking water. There was also a BBC station in the city so that the Prime Minister could reach out to those who remained at the top. Burlington is on standby right up to until 1991after which the Cold War was over.

In which city is the underground tram?

Underground cities and tunnels can be used for underground transport, in particular trams and trolleybuses, and not just subway trains. Underground trams are available in many cities, for example:

Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine

High-speed underground tram in Volgograd, Russia

It is known that many Russian rich people build entire underground bunkers in addition to aboveground dwellings, mainly for personal safety.

Plan of underground Moscow. Soon, the main Russian city will not grow up, but down

In Yakutia (Eastern Siberia), on the site of a man-made crater, mines want to build an underground city Eco-City 2020 with a capacity of 100 thousand people

Dungeons of the world

That is exactly how you should carefully formulate the topic of this chapter, because everyone knows that no one will embrace the immensity.

"THE CAPITAL OF OUR HOMELAND, MOSCOW"

The city was founded in 1147, when Prince Yuri Dolgoruky killed the local boyar Stepan Kuchka and seized his estate. Since then, Moscow has been repeatedly destroyed by enemies and rebuilt again. Wooden houses were replaced by stone ones on solid foundations deepened into the ground. The defensive function was performed by monasteries with underground passages. Usually the beginning of the creation of the network of these passages dates back to the 15th century. The underground labyrinths of the Kremlin, Borovitsky hill and Kitay-gorod, Simonov, Donskoy, Chudov and other monasteries were discovered, but little explored.

Not far from the metro station "Kitay-Gorod" there is still the John the Baptist Convent, founded in the 15th century. This monastery had a sad reputation: women of noble birth were forcibly tonsured there - so greedy relatives seized their shares in the inheritance. In 1610, the former Tsarina Maria Petrovna Shuiskaya was tonsured here, and she was forcibly separated from her husband, the deposed Tsar Vasily Ivanovich Shuisky. In 1620, the nun Paraskeva died - in the world Pelageya Mikhailovna - the second wife of the eldest son of Ivan the Terrible. It contained the mysterious Dosithea - "the real princess Tarakanova" and the evil landowner Saltychikha, who sadistically killed the beauties of the serfs.

In this monastery, under the guise of madmen, they brought women criminals and political criminals from the Investigative Order. Adherents of the old rite, who did not want to renounce their faith, were brought here from the Raskolnichi office. Some were kept in "stone bags" under strict supervision, while others skillfully converted even nuns to their faith. Such were the whips of Akulin Lupkin and Agafya Karpov, who set up a "house of God" in their cells for the joy of the whips. Akulina died a natural death, and Agafya was executed in 1743.

There are also legends about the dungeons of the Novodevichy Convent in Khamovniki. These are mainly crypts, some of which have been discovered and studied by scientists. A terrible legend about the last abbess of the monastery, Leonida Ozerova, who did not want to give the church riches accumulated over centuries to the Bolsheviks, and left with the treasures in the dungeon, excites the imagination. Some say that Leonida died protecting the sacred objects for her, others - that she only hid them, and she went out through the underground passage and disappeared. And this is quite likely, since some of those values \u200b\u200bwere subsequently discovered in private collections.

It must be admitted that there are much more legends about the Moscow dungeons than they themselves have been explored. An interesting question is about the underground passage under the Moskva River. Under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, master Azancheev made several attempts to dig it. Twice the unfinished passage was flooded, the documents are silent about the future, but it is known that the nobility was granted to Azancheev. On this basis, many conclude that this move was nevertheless built. There are persistent rumors about secret passages under the Tsaritsyno estate (there are now exhibition halls in its quite real vast basements), about the Masonic dungeons of the Menshikov Tower, about the Dorogomilov quarries ...

In the area of \u200b\u200b"Kropotkinskaya" lies the terrible Chertolye, named after the Chertoriy stream, which flows where today the Sivtsev Vrazhek lane is. In high water, the stream overflowed, but when the water subsided, bumps and potholes remained on the banks of the stream, as if the devil was digging.

In this area, the Oprichnaya Dvor was located: there were torture huts, casemates, scaffolds with scaffolds. Diggers claim that deep underground there are voids, passages and galleries - the remains of the terrible prisons of Ivan the Terrible.

One can come across a statement, they say, from the basement of any house within the Garden Ring you can get anywhere, even to the Moscow metro. Indeed, the basements of old houses, especially church and manor houses, often have walled up passages, leading out of nowhere. Sometimes the building itself no longer exists, but the dungeons with passages have survived, and stubborn diggers manage to get to the bottom of it.

Back in 1912, newspapers wrote about the discovery of underground passages in Bogoslovsky Lane, on Bolshaya Dmitrovka, under the house of the Yusupov princes at the Red Gate, between the Novodevichy Convent and the Gübner manufactory, under the Donskoy Monastery, Golitsyn Hospital and Neskuchny Garden ...

The name of the man who laid his life on the study of the mysterious underground world of Moscow was Ignatiy Yakovlevich Stelletsky.

He was born in 1878 in the Yekaterinoslav province in the family of a teacher. After graduating from the Kiev Theological Academy, he went to work as a teacher in Palestine - the land of "a thousand caves". There Stelletsky became interested in archeology and, returning to Moscow, organized a Commission for the Study of Underground Antiquity and himself became its chairman. He collected traditions, legends, rumors, eyewitness accounts and, relying on them, conducted research. He discovered underground passages from the Round Tower of the Kitaygorodskaya Wall, from the Tainitskaya Tower of the Simonov Monastery and the Taininskaya Tower of the Kremlin, a white stone passage from the corner Arsenal Tower of the Kremlin, voids in the bowels of Borovitsky Hill, under Nikolskaya, Troitskaya, Spasskaya and the terrible Beklemisheva Tower, in the basement prison of which once pulled out the tongue of the boyar Beklemishev.

His life's work was the search for the legendary library of Ivan the Terrible - a collection of books brought from Constantinople by the tsar's grandmother, the Byzantine princess Sophia Paleologus. The scientist believed that the books were hidden somewhere in one of the Kremlin's many dungeons or very close to it. Stelletsky died in 1949, never finding his Libereya. He was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery, but the grave has not survived. Both his library and numerous records were lost. The main work of the scientist "Dead books in the Moscow cache" was published only in 1993.

Excavations in the Kremlin were carried out later, but their results were not advertised. In 1978, while digging a trench near the Grand Kremlin Palace, an underground room of about nine square meters with brick vaults was dug up, where a human skeleton lay. In the early 1980s, a 40-meter tunnel clogged with earth was excavated, the walls of which were decorated with multi-colored tiles.

In 1989, on the site where one of the churches of the blown-up Chudov Monastery used to stand, an old crypt was discovered. In a stone sarcophagus lay a wax doll, human-sized, dressed in a military uniform. This was the burial place of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, who died in 1905 in the explosion of a bomb thrown by Kaliayev. Since little was left of the body, a doll dressed in Sergei Alexandrovich's uniform was placed in the sarcophagus, and the remains were collected in a vessel and placed at the head of the bed.

« Everywhere and everywhere dungeons by time and people have been brought into a state of, if not complete, then very great destruction. The Kremlin has not escaped a common fate, and therefore one cannot delude oneself with the thought that it is enough to open one passage and it is already easy to walk along it under the entire Kremlin, if not all over Moscow. In reality, a journey through underground Moscow is a jump with obstacles, moreover, very significant, the elimination of which will require a lot of effort, time and money. But all this is nothing in comparison with the possible ideal result: underground Moscow, cleaned, restored and illuminated by arc lamps, would be an underground museum of scientific and any interest ..."(I. Stelletsky)

Now Stelletsky's dream has come true: there is such a museum! This is the Museum of Archeology of Moscow on Manezhnaya Square. It is located seven meters underground at an archaeological site of the nineties. The most remarkable part of the exposition is the pillars of the old Voskresensky bridge over the Neglinka from the time of Ivan the Terrible. In addition, the museum displays interesting artifacts discovered by archaeologists: items of medieval life and weapons of Muscovites, a collection of tiles, valuable items from unclaimed treasures, and cult items from the necropolis of the Moiseevsky Monastery.

Maps and descriptions of underground Moscow began to be compiled from the end of the 18th century. What is documented is mainly wells, channels of rivers and streams put into pipes, sewers, that is, structures of a purely utilitarian purpose.

The famous everyday writer Vladimir Gilyarovsky spoke a lot about underground Moscow. The subject of his research was underground taverns and brothels, as well as the bed of the Neglinka River. These places were dirty in all respects, but Neglinka in general could be considered the Moscow analogue of the Roman cesspool.

The first attempts to build a sewage system in Moscow were undertaken back in the 14th century: then a canal was dug from the Kremlin to the ill-fated Neglinka to drain sewage.

The townspeople were supposed to pour the sewage into the cesspools, from where they were scooped out by the gold-diggers, and in tubs they were taken away out of town. But the goldsmiths had to pay, so the irresponsible townspeople now and then strove to dump the garbage somewhere far from sight or dig a canal under the house in order to drain all the dirt into a nearby river. So Neglinka and Samoteka were completely ruined and the Yauza and the Moskva River were pretty dirty: to avoid the stench, small rivers had to be covered with arches and cleaned underground.

In 1874, the Moscow City Duma was presented with the "Design Outlines of the Moscow Sewerage System", which were discussed for a long time, but were never approved. The laying of the sewer network began only twenty years later under the mayor of Nikolai Alekseev, a man of ebullient activity and great mind. Since then, the sewage system has been constantly being built and expanded, and today its total length is equal to the distance from Moscow to Novosibirsk. More information about the history of the Moscow sewerage system will be available to those interested in the Water Museum in Krutitsy, located in the building of an old pumping station.

Museum visitors will not be taken to the collector, but Gilyarovsky went down there and left us a vivid description of what is underground. Finding two brave guides, Uncle Gilyai climbed into the stinking Moscow cesspool through a hatch near Trubnaya Square. The underground channel was clogged with mud, and "something was sliding under my feet all the time." What it was, Gilyarovsky was even afraid to think, because once he himself witnessed how they tried to throw a still living, albeit stunned, person into the dirty and smelly waters of the Neglinka. “I’m right: we walk around people,” the guide confirmed his fears. A couple of years later, during the clearing of the riverbed, bones "similar to human ones" were indeed found.

These unfortunates could be drunk, robbed and killed in one of the underground taverns, located right there, near the modern Trubnaya Square. “... Deep in the ground, under the whole house between Grachevka and Tsvetnoy Boulevard, there was a huge basement floor, all completely occupied by one tavern, the most desperate robbery place where the underworld enjoyed itself to the point of insensibility ...” The upper, “front” part of this tavern was called Hell, and the lower one is the Underworld. The police did not look here, there were no detours, and they would not lead anywhere: under the house there were underground passages left over from the Mytishchi water pipeline, built in Catherine's times, the aboveground parts of which (Rostokinsky aqueduct and Alekseevskaya water pumping station) are considered famous Moscow sights.

« The history of the first attempt on the life of Alexander II on April 4, 1866 is connected with the "Hell" tavern. Here meetings took place, at which a plan of attack on the tsar was developed ... The organizer and soul of the circle was the student Ishutin, who stood at the head of the group that lodged in the house of the petty bourgeois Ipatova on Bolshoy Spassky Lane, in Karetny Ryad. By the name of the house, this group was called Ipatovites. Here the idea of \u200b\u200bregicide was born, unknown to other members of the "Organization" ... Among them was Karakozov, who unsuccessfully shot at the tsar". (V. Gilyarovsky)

Moscow diggers like to travel along the Neglinka bed and old collectors. Sometimes there are excursions to the safest places for extreme sportsmen with good health and strong nerves.

Those who want to avoid the extreme can also come into contact with the old Moscow sewerage system, and at the same time they do not even have to pay.

At the intersection of Pokrovka and Chistoprudny Boulevard is the apartment house of the bread merchant F.S. Rakhmanov, built at the very end of the 19th century. On the side, behind the alley, there is a long and very steep staircase leading deep underground to the oldest toilet in Moscow.

This is the only surviving and still operating of ten "retirades", opened simultaneously with the laying of the first stage of the Moscow sewerage system.

Other Moscow undergrounds of a completely different purpose, which were secret in the past, are also open to visitors. Bunker-42 on Taganka, located at a depth of 60 meters underground, began construction in the early fifties and worked for 20 years. There have always been 300-500 people, air regeneration and purification systems, sewerage systems and other amenities worked. The maximum capacity of the bunker is 3000 people for three months. In the 80s, the bunker was abandoned, then bought out by a commercial organization and turned into an excellent attraction. Preserved tunnels with semicircular ceilings, upholstered with lead, offices of the authorities, tables of ordinary employees, a conference room. All rooms are decorated very simply, no frills. Near one of the walls, you can hear the metro trains passing by - yes, the usual Moscow metro, which was also supposed to serve as a refuge in case of war.

The Izmailovsky bunker is more luxurious. It was intended for Stalin himself and for the country's top leadership. Its area is huge - 93 thousand square meters. m, troops and, as some say, even tanks could hide underground.

Part of this bunker serves as a museum. The circular meeting room has excellent acoustics: a person standing in the center of the room can speak in a whisper, and the sound will spread throughout the room. It is said that to achieve this effect, empty earthen vessels were installed in the ceiling. This was done because the aging Stalin was physically unable to speak loudly. In his office there is a massive writing desk covered with green cloth, an armchair, and a bookcase. In other rooms there are showcases with exhibits from the forties.

Another part of the bunker, under the former Cherkizovsky market, is abandoned. Not so long ago, a scandal erupted: it turned out that the old bomb shelter had been turned into an illegal cheap hotel, or rather into a brothel. Soon the Cherkizovsky market was destroyed.

Legends say that a tunnel led from the Izmailovsky bunker towards the Kremlin, which was last used during the assault on the White House and was blown up at the same time.

Another bunker, smaller and not so deep, is at the All-Russian Exhibition Center. It is located right in the building of the House of Friendship of Peoples. They say that this building was also created for Stalin, but, according to archival information, no one used the bunker. It seems that an underground passage leads from the bunker, which ends under the sculpture of Lenin in front of the pavilion. That is why the sculpture has not yet been removed.

The bunker has a capacity of 300 people. There are lounges, an extensive storage room, an air filtration room, and an office for the Secretary General. The equipment allowed people to be underground for two days. Until 1971, the bunker was regularly replenished with provisions and water.

This "museum" is under the protection of the Ministry of Emergencies, and it takes 6 hours to bring it into readiness.

The Supreme Commander-in-Chief had another bunker, built in 1942 under the "Blizhnyaya Dacha" in Kuntsevo at a depth of 15-17 meters. Journalists were allowed there several times, despite the fact that the bunker is still secret. The underground premises are in excellent condition, they are reliable and comfortable. An ordinary inconspicuous door leads there, which can be found in any entrance. A spacious office decorated with oak and Karelian birch has survived, in which Joseph Stalin chaired meetings of the Defense Council. Next to him is his bedroom - a very small room with only a bed and a bedside table. It also had its own kitchen, dining room and even a small diesel power plant underground. According to rumors, one of the Metro-2 lines leads to this bunker.

There are also myths about other underground bunkers: in the Kremlin itself and on the Lubyanka. The most mysterious and "promoted" of them is the Sovetskaya metro station, located under Tverskaya Square. No one has been able to go there, journalists are not allowed there, but nevertheless no one denies its existence. It is believed that its official name is “GO object on Tverskaya Square”.

They say that the same "GO object" is under the station "Chistye Prudy" (formerly "Kirovskaya"), where the General Staff was located during the war. They prove the existence of a whole underground city under the Ramenskoye district, designed for thousands of people. Allegedly, there is a direct branch of the secret metro from the station "Library im. Lenin ”, and in the event of an atomic war, the country's intellectual elite had to descend from the library rooms to a secret station and go to the bomb shelter.

There is also one underground museum in Moscow, completely devoid of an ominous flair. It is located on Lesnaya Street under the signboard "Wholesale trade in Caucasian fruits Kalandadze". The official name of the museum is “Underground Printing House 1905–1906”. In this apartment building, more than a hundred years ago, there was a secret revolutionary printing house, and the store served as a cover. This museum is quite small - two rooms, a kitchen and a basement, but quite interesting. The interiors of the premises have been completely restored and well illustrate the living conditions and life of poor Muscovites, and they lived, it must be admitted, modest and closely, according to modern concepts, they huddled.

Under the storehouse in the basement of the house, a well was dug for groundwater drainage, and in its side wall another small cave was dug, where there was a portable printing press "American". The store was opened in the name of Mirian Kalandadze, a port loader from Batumi, who had experience in trade and a "clean" reputation. In fact, there was no business, the store was unprofitable: fruits were brought from the Caucasus irregularly, therefore, if the police decided to sort out Kalandadze's trade affairs, everything would quickly come out. However, the underground printing house operated very successfully - the police did not manage to find it, despite the fact that the police unit was located literally nearby, on the opposite side of the street, and there was a police post near the house itself. After working for a year, the printing house was liquidated, and the cover store was closed. The museum on this site was opened in 1924, and its organizers were the same revolutionary printers who once published a newspaper here.

MOSCOW REGION

Underground defensive passages and "hiding places" - underground secret passages to water sources had each of the fortified cities that surrounded Moscow: Yaroslavl, Rostov Veliky, Suzdal, Tver, Kaluga, Rzhev, Mozhaisk, Vereya, Volokolamsk, Przemysl, Tarusa, Kashira, Aleksin; Joseph-Volokolamsky, Nikolo-Berlyukovsky and Simonov monasteries in the Moscow region.

The Chernigov skete is located three kilometers northeast of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, in Sergiev Posad, on the northern shore of the eastern bay of the upper Korbushinsky pond. Opposite, on the southern bank, are the buildings of the former Gethsemane skete, which is much worse preserved.

In the past, in official documents, the Chernigov Skete was called the "Cave Section of the Gethsemane Skete." The legend relates its beginning to 1847, when the holy fool Filippushka, accepted by Metropolitan Filaret to live in the Lavra, began to dig caves there. In fact, two years earlier, wooden cells were built in a grove on the northern shore of the bay, in one of which, probably, Filippushka settled.

The description of the Gethsemane skete for 1899 says: “... Philip and his staff began to dig a small square pit, which he later began to expand, to make underground corridors from it and in them separate small caves for cells; the middle large one was intended as a meeting place for cavemen for common prayer. " From 1849 to 1851, excavators, carpenters, and bricklayers were already working in the caves, turning the middle cave into a comfortable chapel, which was a log frame buried in the ground, with windows cut through in its upper part protruding from the ground. The underground passages that diverged in different directions were turned into brick-lined vaulted underground corridors with the same vaulted small caves on the sides. In the fall of 1851, the cave chapel was consecrated as a temple in the name of the Ethereal Forces.

By the end of the 19th century, these caves were significantly expanded, and above them were built ground-based churches, at first wooden, and at the end of the 19th century - stone. The skete has turned into a rather extensive complex in the Old Russian style. At the same time, the former middle cave of Filippushki turned into an altar, to which an extensive underground refectory with a vaulted ceiling was added from the west. The southern part was returned to the monastery, in the northern part there is a boarding school for Ivalid children. Guided tours are available at the Cave Church.

During the recent restoration in the New Jerusalem Monastery, three underground passages were discovered, which, unfortunately, had already collapsed. They diverge from the monastery in different directions and at different distances. Due to the risk of collapse and mountains of debris inside, it was not possible to fully investigate them. The strokes are low, clearly intended for emergencies and not for everyday life. Only their entrances are available for inspection.

Russian landowners sometimes acquired underground passages in their estates. Usually these passages were laid at a shallow depth and collapsed long ago or were deliberately filled up.

The Sviblovo estate on the Yauza has changed many owners: from Fyodor Shvibla, the governor of Dmitry Donskoy, to the merchant Ivan Kozhevnikov, who built a cloth factory on the other side of the river. However, he was not the first industrialist here: a hundred years earlier, an associate of Peter I, Kirill Naryshkin, built a brick house, a church, a malt factory and a cookery here. It is difficult to say which of the owners laid the underground passage from the estate to the very bank of the Yauza, especially since not so long ago, during the renovation of the estate, it was filled up.

The existence of the move to Sviblovo is documented, but in many cases we are forced to be content with only rumors.

In the village of Avdotino, Stupinsky district, some buildings of an old estate have been preserved, which in the 18th century belonged to the famous educator-Mason Nikolai Novikov. He created the first private printing house in Russia and with his bold satyrs aroused the anger of Empress Catherine II. The Empress can be understood: she was frightened by the terrible events of the French Revolution. By her order, Novikov was arrested and escorted to the Shlisselburg fortress without trial. Freedom was granted to him by Paul I, but Novikov, who lost his health and condition, did not live long.

Legends about the secret passages and underground halls for Masonic meetings dug by him in Avdotino have been preserved. One of the moves allegedly led to the neighboring Trinity-Lobanovo, which belonged to the Volkonskys. These moves were searched for for a long time, but they were never found.

Many legends about underground passages are associated with the preserved estate in the village of Voronovo, standing on the old Kaluga road. It is believed that the first passage was dug from the main manor house to the stone church built in 1709. At the end of the 18th century, General Artemy Vorontsov built a luxurious palace with a horse yard in the estate and laid out a park with picturesque stone pavilions. A new tunnel was made from the palace to the horse yard, through which a horse could pass, secret galleries were led to gazebos and other buildings.

But in 1812, all this was burned: the next owner, Moscow Governor-General Rostopchin, set fire to his house himself, so that Napoleon would not get it. Several eyewitnesses testify to this, and the Napoleonic general noted in his diary that he found in Voronovo only ashes and a note pinned to the gate: "I set fire to my palace, which cost me a million ..."

However, the Count's act aroused not admiration among his compatriots, but horror: too many values \u200b\u200bwere in vain destroyed by him. In addition, the owners of the estates who suffered from Napoleon could claim some compensation from the Russian government, and Rostopchin, who burned his palace himself, clearly did not fall into this category. Then the general began to deny and assert that his house was burned not by himself, but by the enemy. But they did not believe him, moreover, rumors spread that the count had not suffered as much as he was trying to prove, and that he had prudently carried his treasures into the dungeon and hid there until better times. The count denied the charges and defiantly did not return to Voronovo.

A hundred years later, history repeated itself: the last owner of Voronov, Countess Sheremeteva, frightened by the events of the February Revolution, left the estate without her luggage. But the Bolsheviks did not find especially valuable things in the estate. Where did they go?

During excavations on the territory of the estate, the researchers discovered several wide tunnels, blocked by rubble. In these underground passages, some valuable objects were also found, mostly metal. Hopes that someday they will find the paintings have long vanished: the paintings would not have survived two hundred years in the underground dampness.

In 120 kilometers from Moscow, in the city of Alexandrov, there was a country palace of Ivan the Terrible. Here tourists will be told about the manners and customs of the king. About how he married eight times, and sent his unloved wives to monasteries or killed. How he fed the fish in the pond with the corpses of his enemies, and how fatty and tasty the fish was, served to the king's table. They will show underground casemates, where the unfortunate prisoners were tortured, and other, more peaceful, but also underground rooms, where food supplies were stored. Suffering from a persecution mania, Grozny loved dungeons, and even the royal bedchambers for safety were arranged underground for the sake of safety. Tourists are shown these rooms: carved beds, carpets, embroidered bedspreads and no windows.

On the banks of the Pakhra River there is an extensive system of caves, both natural and artificial. Usually, Nikitsky quarries and a large group of Novlensky caves are distinguished, among which are the Syanovsky quarries, Kiseli, Novo-Syanovsky, Pionersky and others. The length of the underground labyrinth is very long, and it is believed that some of the caves were dug in the days of Ancient Rus for the extraction of limestone.

On weekends, Syana is visited by dozens and even hundreds of people. The entrance to the dungeon is nicknamed the Cat's Eye. The passages and halls of the quarries were also given original names: Mlechnik, Shchuchka, Venerin Laz - a woman with a good figure fits perfectly into it.

At the entrance to the quarry there is a notebook - a journal of visits, where you must definitely check in, going down, and then a second time, leaving the caves. It is strictly forbidden to litter underground, and even more so to kindle fires. Flashlights should be directed downward, and not in the face of oncoming people.

Nikita quarries are another huge cave system discovered in the mid-fifties. Currently, some of the caves are equipped for excursions. The system has many halls and passages with enticing names: Wet Galleries, Yezhovaya, Kurinaya and Dokhlomyshinaya; the Commander's Hall, Lake of the Drunken Drummer, Chagall's well ... Some caves are considered anomalous zones.

ST. PETERSBURG

Despite the fact that St. Petersburg is a city in a swamp, its oldest underground passage is almost the same age as the city itself. It was dug in the Tsar's bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress at the beginning of the 18th century during the rebuilding of the original timber and earth fortress into a stone one and is located in the thickness of the sloping outer wall for safe movement of the fortress garrison from the left flank of the bastion to the right.

It is a tunnel 97 meters long and about two meters wide. The brick walls and vaults were not painted or plastered. 25 embrasures were made in the outer wall; in the 19th century, during the renovation of the wall, they were laid.

The fortress was never used for defense purposes, so the underground passage served as a storage room, and then it was completely filled up, only to be discovered in the fifties of the XX century when laying a heating main.

The restoration of the porch and the casemate with which it is connected became a gift from the Kingdom of the Netherlands for the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg. Now the underground passage is open to the public.

Another passage was made in the Trubetskoy bastion of the Peter and Paul Fortress, but it was also covered up and has not yet been dug up.

There are other historical dungeons in St. Petersburg. Under Truda Square (Blagoveshchenskaya Square) is the underground part of the Kryukov Canal, hidden in a sewer back in the early 1840s. This underground tunnel with granite walls and brick vaults was considered one of the most sinister Petersburg slums and was described in the novel of the same name by Vsevolod Krestovsky: bandits hid and hid their loot there. The authorities took action, and in the 1870s the entrance to the canal from the Neva was closed with bars and filled up.

However, in the spring of 1912, the soil began to sag on the square, and then a huge hole formed altogether - it was the vaults of the Kryukov Canal that collapsed. Having disassembled the already rusted grate, the engineers sailed on a raft through the stinking underground waters and found that the structure was completely dilapidated. Then the channel was completely filled up and forgotten about it. Only in the 1990s, when an underground passage was being built on Truda Square, did the builders stumble upon the remains of a stone vault. The unique relic was preserved, making it part of the design of the modern passage.

This is where the list of explored and explored dungeons of the Northern Capital ends. In most underground rooms, there are only enthusiastic diggers. This is how the Shuvalovsky Park acquired a gloomy fame after in 1988 two teenagers were buried in a dungeon under Mount Parnassus, and only one of them was saved. According to the diggers, there is an extensive system of dungeons under the park. Whether these are the secret passages of the former owner of these places, the freemason, Count Shuvalov, or the fortifications of the First and Second World Wars, it is difficult to say: after the tragic incident, they were not examined, but simply filled up the entrances with soil.

They say that under the Alexander Nevsky Lavra there is a whole labyrinth of small rooms connected by narrow passages. Probably, initially they served as a monastery prison, and later were abandoned. Now they are partially flooded by the waters of the Monastyrka River, and their entrances are walled up for safety. The diggers nevertheless entered the Lavra dungeon through one of the crypts at the Nikolskoye cemetery and found weapons and grenades from the Civil War.

The Mikhailovsky Castle was built in less than three years on the site of the Summer Palace of Elizabeth Petrovna by a special order of Paul I. For forty days, the castle was considered the residence of the emperor. Paul was very concerned about his safety, so he wanted the castle to be surrounded by water on all sides. For this purpose, artificial canals were specially dug, and drawbridges were thrown across them. According to legend, in case of a sudden escape from the castle, several underground passages were dug, which the emperor could use in case of danger. But he did not manage to do this, but on the contrary: according to one of the versions, it was through the underground passage that the conspirators who killed Paul entered the Mikhailovsky Castle.

The neighboring Summer Garden also seems to have underground passages dug by order of Peter I. For a long time it was believed that they were destroyed long ago, however, during the restoration of the Summer Garden after the flood of 1924, near the Coffee House, an entrance to a deep underground was found, from which there was a high and rather wide tunnel with brick walls. He led to a small vaulted hall, from which there were passages in the direction of the Champ de Mars and on the opposite side of the Fontanka River. It was not possible to pass through them: after a dozen meters the path was blocked by strong iron bars. The tunnels were examined, described and ... filled up. Since then, they have not been found.

After the outbreak of World War I, an angry mob stormed the German embassy and pogrom there. However, only the doorkeeper who did not leave his post was injured, the rest simply were not in the building: by some unknown route they managed to escape. Then information surfaced about the existence of an underground passage between the German embassy and the neighboring hotel "Astoria", because both buildings were built by the same company. Nicholas II solved the problem wisely, ordering to confiscate the hotel and the adjacent land in favor of the treasury.

They say that under Smolny there is an old bunker that can even withstand an atomic bomb. During World War II, he served as a command post. A bunker was also built under the park of the Forestry Academy during the war, and now it is flooded, like most of all the bomb shelters during the war.

Enthusiastic researchers claim that there are underground passages in almost all central districts of St. Petersburg. The entrances to the catacombs were seen in the 30s on the street. Architect Rossi, on pl. Ostrovsky, on the Fontanka embankment. It is possible that there are several tiers of underground structures in the area of \u200b\u200bSennaya Square. These connecting and intersecting cellars stretch from Nevsky Prospect to Lermontovsky. According to rumors, there is an underground passage in one of the houses on the Fontanka, which once belonged to Platon Zubov. This house is famous for its "rotunda" - an entrance with six columns and a spiral staircase. Legends say that there are underground passages and hiding places under Menshikov's palace, it is believed that the disgraced favorite hid his untold riches there.

For a long time, Lithuanian Avenue was a congestion of thieves' raspberries and brothels. A whole complex of underground structures has developed there: basements, cellars, underground taverns and brothels, connected by secret passages. Unfortunately, these places are mainly researched by diggers, not scientists. There are many interesting finds - gramophones, porcelain figurines, a thief's instrument ... Some hope to find the legendary treasures of Lenka Panteleev there.

There is a legend that the FSB building on Liteiny Prospect has multi-storey basements with terrible torture chambers, boxes for medical experiments, and even a brothel for employees. But this is unlikely: the Neva is too close.

The atmosphere of these semi-mythical and undiscovered dungeons is recreated by the "Horrors of St. Petersburg" museum, which is actually located on the surface. But another museum - "The World of St. Petersburg Water" - is partly underground. He tells about the history of water supply and sewerage systems in St. Petersburg and delights children and adults.

SURROUNDINGS OF SAINT PETERSBURG

The Gatchina Palace was built by Catherine II as a gift to her favorite Grigory Orlov, but then their relationship underwent changes, and Orlov was forbidden to approach St. Petersburg, and Catherine bought Gatchina and presented it to her son, the future Emperor Paul I. Tradition links the creation of the Gatchina underground passage to his name. the palace, although the documents say differently: the underground passage was built simultaneously with the palace itself.

There is a version that it was this underground passage that Alexander Fedorovich Kerensky took advantage of when fleeing from the sailors in 1917.

He did mention in his memoirs that an employee of the palace came to him and indicated that he knew a secret, unknown underground passage that leads into the park outside the walls of this palace-fortress. But judging by his further words, he himself hastily fled by some other path, and several of his people came out by an underground passage.

You can go down to the 130-meter underground passage directly from the ceremonial halls on the second floor. In the wall of the front bedchamber there is a secret door leading to a dark narrow spiral staircase leading to the lower floor to the emperor's dressing room and then to the palace cellars.

This passage was not secret, on the contrary, the passage and the basements of the palace were used to entertain guests. Thanks to good acoustics, the echo here repeats up to four syllables, and visitors to the Gatchina Palace were entertained with special "chants". Because of this, the exit from the tunnel to the shore of Silver Lake was named the Echo grotto. The most famous of the old "chants" - "What flower is not afraid of frost ?! - Rose! ”,“ What was the name of the first virgin ?! - Eva! ”,“ Who stole the clamps ?! - You!". The guides say that once upon a time a horse harness was hung along the walls of the tunnel, and then for some reason they removed it. For some reason, the little Grand Duchess ran there and, seeing the emptiness on the walls, exclaimed in bewilderment: "Who stole the clamps?" "You! .. You! .. You! .." - echoed back.

A popular question among tourists is: “Who ruled us ?! - Pavel!" They say that the name of the ill-fated emperor echoes up to 30 times!

However, you should not abuse the patience of the underground echo - you can inadvertently wake up the ghost of Paul I. So, in the memoirs of the daughter of the main guardian of the palace, a case is described when in the mid-twenties, walking with a friend, she wandered into the grotto and loudly shouted the name Paul. In response, from the darkness came: "Dead!" The girls ran in horror, it did not even occur to them that someone could play a trick on them.

According to unverified information, there is another underground passage that connected the Gatchina Palace with the Priory Palace. While strengthening the foundation of the palace, the restorers really stumbled upon an underground passage leading to the side of water bodies, but they were able to walk along it for only about a hundred meters.

On the river Oredezh, near the village of Rozhdestveno, Gatchina region, not far from the Siversky canyon, there are the Holy Cave and the Holy Spring. The terrain there is very beautiful: steep banks, hills, huge boulders, clean springs, beautiful forests, flowering meadows ... Fossils of the Paleozoic era are often found in these places. The cave, nicknamed the Saint, apparently served as a cult place since ancient times. In the 15th century, there was a temple above it. It disappeared a long time ago, but until now, underground waters sometimes bring crosses, chains, coins to the surface. Many legends are associated with this cave: they say that a whole network of underground tunnels diverges from it. Many people notice a strange glow or human figures in it. Such caves are not uncommon in the Leningrad Region. In the Slantsevsky district near the village of Zaruchye, on the banks of the Dolgaya river, at the foot of the mountain there is the Monash's cave. Once a church was erected over the cave, but it was blown up. The cave itself is half-buried and you can only walk about fifteen meters.

But the dungeons of Peterhof are not at all mysterious, although very interesting. There is an excursion "Secrets of Peterhof Fountains" - tourists are led along dark, ominous underground passages-aqueducts, where the intricate mechanics of the famous fountains and their unique gravity water supply system are located. Tourists are shown working adits under the grottoes of the Grand Cascade, cameras under the Favoritny and Korzinka fountains, and the Water Road is turned on for them. And the fountain-cracker "Divanchik" visitors are allowed to turn on and off themselves, pouring water on those walking upstairs. Special sliders adjust the height of the fountain jets.

There is also a legendary unexplored dungeon in Peterhof - this is an underground passage under Olga's pond. They say that one of its exit is on the island, where there is a cottage for friends of Nicholas I, and the other is in the basements of the Great Peterhof Cathedral.

In 40 kilometers from St.Petersburg, there is the town of Sablino, in the vicinity of which there are many attractions: two waterfalls, ancient burial mounds, the site of Alexander Nevsky before the battle with the Swedes, the former estate of Count A.K. Tolstoy, as well as more than ten caves. The largest of them - "Levoberezhnaya" - is open only for organized groups of visitors: the total length of its passages is five and a half kilometers, and a "wild" tourist can easily get lost. The entrance to it is located near the bridge over the Tosna River. The cave has three underground lakes, quite deep and vast, several large beautiful halls with unusual names - Two-Eyed, Cosmic, Column, Jubilee, Little Red Riding Hood and others. The walls of the caves are made of white and red sandstone, and the vaults are partly greenish limestone. Stalactites hang from the ceiling, and the floor is covered with spherical formations - "cave pearls". Those who want to tickle their nerves can squeeze through the Cat's Manhole. This can be done only while lying down, pressing your hands to the body. Even in summer, you need to dress warmer for this excursion: in the cave it is always +8 degrees.

Hundreds of bats hibernate in the Sablinskie caves. This is the largest population in the area. You cannot touch them or even illuminate them with bright light, since a mouse woken up in winter dies of hunger.

In 2005, on the day of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, a chapel was consecrated in the Left Bank Cave. It serves to perpetuate the memory of the lost travelers - geographers, geologists, polar explorers, cavers, climbers, who gave their lives in the name of serving science.

The Taitsky water pipeline is a gravity water supply system for Tsarskoye Selo, built in 1773-1787 under the leadership of the military engineer Baur, the same one who built the first Mytishchi water pipeline in Moscow.

The Taitsky aqueduct consisted of open (about five kilometers) and underground (slightly less than four kilometers) canals with storage ponds and grottoes. The water came from the Hannibal or Soninsky springs. It was originally made of wood, but twenty years later it was rebuilt in stone. This water supply system supplied water to the entire population of Tsarskoye Selo, Sofia and Pavlovsk, the palace itself and all the park fountains until 1905, when the new Oryol water supply system was launched. By that time, the state of the water conduit was already critical, and soon it was completely out of order. Currently, you can see only some of its fragments.

In the city of Vsevolozhsk, at the fork in the roads to Lake Ladoga and Koltushi, the Rumbolovskaya mountain rises. A monument-stele, decorated with oak and laurel leaves, was erected in front of it: the Road of Life began from Rumbolovskaya Mountain.

Fans of underground travel assure that the entire Rumbolovskaya mountain is pitted with passages created in time immemorial. They lead quite far, connecting with the Koltush quarries, located a good ten kilometers from Vsevolozhsk. Their center is a deep and wide well in the so-called Red Castle on the top of a mountain - a medieval building that became the basis for the Vsevolozhsky estate. The estate burned down long ago, and the ancient walls are still standing. According to local legends, the Red Castle with extensive basements was erected by order of the outstanding Swedish commander Pontus De la Gardie, who participated in the Livonian War.

The Demidovs' estate is located in the village of Nikolskoye, Gatchinsky District, on the banks of the Sivorka River. At the beginning of the 20th century, the estate was bought by the St. Petersburg zemstvo for the establishment of a neuropsychiatric hospital in it. The founder of the hospital was an outstanding psychiatrist Petr Petrovich Kashchenko. The hospital is still operating in the estate. During a recent renovation, a network of underground passages was discovered between the outbuildings of the estate. They were laid at a shallow depth and therefore fell into complete disrepair.

Vyborg is located 130 kilometers northwest of St. Petersburg. Vyborg Castle was founded by the Swedes in 1293. In the 13th century, its watchtower was considered the tallest keep in Scandinavia at that time. The thickness of the fortress walls was one and a half to two meters, and the thickness of the tower walls was four meters. The Novgorodians made more than one attempt to take the castle by storm, but they were unsuccessful.

In the 15th century, the viceroy of the Swedish king spent a lot of time and effort on decorating the fortress so that it would become the subject of his pride. In the middle of the next century, the famous Queen Christina and King Gustav Vasa visited here. In those days, the Vyborg Castle was considered impregnable and majestic. He served the Swedes for another fifteen years, and in 1710, after a long siege, finally surrendered to the Russians. From the second half of the 18th century, the castle began to be used as a prison and a building for the garrison. Here, in particular, some Decembrists were kept. At the end of the 19th century, the castle was repaired and significantly reconstructed, retaining only the outer medieval facade. In this form, the castle has survived to this day.

The castle has an underground passage to the river, built in the early 1560s - the Matveyev pit. At the beginning of the 20th century, attempts were made to investigate it, but in the thirties it was walled up. Part of it is used for the pipeline.

Ivangorod and the fortress of the same name are located 147 kilometers from St. Petersburg. In 1492, at the bend of the Narva River on a hill opposite the Livonian castle, at the direction of Ivan III, a small fortress was laid to protect against the Livonians and Swedes, but only four years later it was captured by the Swedes. Having recaptured the fortress, the Russians repaired it, expanded it, and by the beginning of the 16th century Ivangorod had already become a powerful fortification. On the contrary, on the other bank of the Narva River, the Livonians built their fortress - Narva, or otherwise Herman's Castle (in this case Herman is not a man, but the tallest tower of the fortress).

Ivangorod took part in hostilities many times, passed from hand to hand, was blown up, then rebuilt again. Even now, as in ancient times, the border with Estonia runs along the Narva River, and a border regime operates in the fortress. Opposite Ivangorodskaya, the Castle of Herman still rises.

Azure-fire from the dungeon Nature often retains us amazing echoes of the past. For centuries, and sometimes for thousands of years, it keeps the traces of an ancient man, until his descendants deliberately or accidentally find them and read them about their deeds.

NEVYANE UNDERGROUND. EMPIRE OF THE DEMIDOVS Today from Yekaterinburg to Nevyansk - two hours by train. And once it took a day to get along a good road. Nevyansk was the capital of the industrial kingdom of the Demidovs. Its founder, Akinfiy Demidov, fell in love with Peter the Great, who