In five countries of southeast asia. Best resorts in Southeast Asia Most visited tourist destinations in Asia

It's no secret that beach holidays in Asian countries are considered the best - the tourism industry has ennobled almost all "wild" and remote settlements and fishing villages, and prices are much lower than in Europe or the Caribbean. We've compiled a list of the best resorts in Asia for you.

One of the most popular resorts among Russians in Taya is Phuket Island. It is the southern province of the country and the largest island on its territory (its area is almost equal to the area of \u200b\u200bSingapore).

Things to do

Phuket is suitable for both beach holidays and active pastime: there are excellent beaches, comfortable hotels, clubs, bars, discos, picturesque natural corners - waterfalls, bays, gardens and a lot of historical sights.

The Karon Beach area is a favorite place for party people from all over the world, with a developed entertainment infrastructure. Kamala beaches are a calm and secluded place ideal for families. The sea in Phuket is quite calm, big waves are rare here.

How to get there

Direct charter flight. Planes fly to Phuket from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Irkutsk, Vladivostok and other cities. You can independently get to the island from the capital of Thailand - Bangkok.

Boracay, Philippines

Part of the coast of Boracay called White Beach, according to the ratings of world researchers, is among the top 10 best beaches in the world. Another undoubted plus of this place is the almost zero crime rate.

Things to do

Here you can stay in a hotel remote from the coast or rent a bungalow right on the coast. The infrastructure includes cafes, bars, restaurants, disco clubs and souvenir shops. Divers go to Boracay with pleasure - there are more than 10 diving centers on the island.

Windsurfers and kitesurfers also love to visit these places - they are attracted by the smooth wind, especially at Bulabog Beach. Respectable businessmen can relax in a massage parlor or spa, or play golf.

Attractions include the underwater Dead Forest, an exhibition of shells in the local museum and mysterious bat caves.

How to get there

Boracay does not have its own airport and to get here, you need to use a rather difficult route. One of the options is a flight from Moscow, Vladivostok or Yakutsk to Panay with a transfer in the Philippine capital Manila. Ferries and boats run from Panay Island, neighboring Boracay. Please note that sea transport does not function at night.

Hainan, China

The tropical island of Hanan is located in the south of China. This is not only an excellent resort place, but also a major cultural center - various celebrations and festivals are held here throughout the year. The island has a well-developed entertainment infrastructure - there are many nightclubs, discos and bars. There is even a special club for Russians. In addition, the famous Chinese Medicine Center is located here.

Things to do

The island offers many attractions to tourists - the Land of the World Park, Monkey Island, Butterfly Gorge, Buddhist Center, Ma'an Volcano, safari-zoo with free roaming animals.

The local Oceanarium deserves special mention, where you can feed crocodiles, see long-lived sea turtles, admire a collection of exotic birds from all over the country and even ride an ostrich.

Dadonghai Beach is one of the most popular resorts on the island. There are restaurants, shops, cafes, a grocery market. A wide range of hotels to suit every taste: from hostels to five-star. Almost everywhere - Russian-speaking staff.

Yalongwan locals call "yaochi" - "earthly paradise". There is a diving center and a casino. Catering points, clubs and shops are located mainly on the territory of hotels.

How to get there

Direct flight from Moscow to the city of Sanya. The flight time is approximately 10 hours.

Langkawi, Malaysia

Langkawi is the main island in the archipelago of the same name. There are 99 islands in total, 4 of which are inhabited.

Things to do

For active recreation, excursions to caves, waterfalls, lakes and mountain ranges, trips to heavenly bridges and a cable car are suitable. The resort's infrastructure includes restaurants, cafes, bars, spas and duty-free points. Both diving and snorkeling (swimming under the surface of the water) are widespread here. You can go fishing or go on a boat trip.

The beaches of the island are recognized as medicinal - the seawater and the purest white sand contain a high percentage of minerals that have a beneficial effect on joints, bones and respiratory organs. The disadvantage of this resort is quite strong ebb and flow.

How to get there

A transit flight from Moscow to Langkawi with a transfer in Kuala Lumpur, Doha, Bangkok or Dubai. The flight will be at least 15 hours. Next - by ferry.

Phu Quoc, Vietnam

Phu Quoc is the ecological center of Vietnam. Most of the island is a virgin thicket of wild forests that are part of a national reserve.

Things to do

The largest diving school in the country, low rental prices and gorgeous seascapes attract huge flows of deep-diving enthusiasts here. The infrastructure is not very developed, but there are cafes and volleyball courts on the beaches.

From entertainment, a visit to a black pepper farm, a trip to a museum and a pearl plantation and squid fishing are available.

How to get there

Direct flight "Moscow-Ho Chi Minh" to Bangkok, Nha Trang and Hanoi. Then take a domestic flight to Fukuoka. A flight with a docking will take 20 hours or more.

Bali, Indonesia

The most popular resorts are located in the southern part of the island. The most favorite vacation spot for Russians is the Kuta resort.

Things to do

Kuta is a developed tourist area. There are many different-sized hotels, large shopping centers, spas, restaurants, clubs and cafes. The resort is located close to Ngurah Airport. A well-groomed and clean (albeit crowded) beach with a gentle sandy bottom, without sharp corals and dangerous rocks, is perfect for surfers. The sea also favors fans of boarding - there is constant wind and strong waves.

The downside is the almost complete lack of attractions. You can visit the water park, seashell museum or local theater with exotic performances.

This is an ideal place for rest and relaxation: people come here for the benefits of Ayurvedic medicine, bathing in healing springs with mineral water and local massage. However, beach holidays and the entertainment industry are also on the level here. A rich and multicultural excursion program: from Jewish synagogues to Dutch churches.

How to get there

There are no direct flights to Kerala from Russia. The most common scheme is by an international airline to any major Indian city, then transferring on a domestic flight to one of Kerala's airports - most often to Trivandrum. The flight from the Russian capital will take at least 8 hours.

Asia is the largest part of the world. More than half of the world's population lives here.
In order to better understand the peculiarities of tourism development in this largest part of the world, the following regions should be distinguished: South-West Asia (Near and Middle East), South Asia, South-East Asia, Central and East Asia.
Asia is attracting an increasing number of tourists due to the following factors:
- a huge territory, extremely capacious for receiving tourists (Asia is the largest part of the world);
- washing the shores of Asia by three oceans and dozens of their seas and bays;
- the location of this part of the world in all climatic regions, a significant diversity and richness of natural landscapes and recreational resources;
- the presence of a huge number of historical and cultural monuments, as well as natural attractions;
- finding the world's most important shrines and centers of pilgrimage in Asia;
- ethnic diversity of the continent;
- the location in Asia of the states with the highest population in the world: China, India;
- the rapid pace of economic development of a number of states: Singapore, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, China, etc.
Along with these favorable conditions, there are a number of negative factors that hinder the development of tourism in Asia. First of all, it should be noted:
- unfavorable natural conditions for tourism in the vast territories of a number of countries (deserts, highlands with difficult terrain, jungle, etc.);
- poor development of transport infrastructure in a number of countries;
- the dominance of ideological interests over economic interests in a number of countries, as a result of this, the economic backwardness of these countries, their unpreparedness to receive tourists, lack of service (DPRK, Mongolia, Cambodia, Vietnam, Iran, Iraq);
lack of internal political and economic stability in a number of Asian countries (Afghanistan, Lebanon, Iran, Iraq).
The main purpose of visiting Asia by tourists from other parts of the world is to get acquainted with culture, historical and natural attractions. Business travel and congress tourism are most typical for Japan, South Korea, Singapore, China. Israel is visited for the purpose of treatment and worship of religious values.
External tourism relations in Asia are carried out mainly
aviation. Most flights are operated by international planes.
airlines, a smaller part - by companies owned
countries of Asia.

Due to the wide range of climatic conditions, there is no specific season of arrival in Asia, but it can be traced in individual regions.
The main tourist market for Asia is the countries of Europe (of which the former metropolises of Great Britain and France, as well as Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, the Scandinavian states, stand out), the USA and Canada. From Africa, the largest tourist flows are from the Maghreb countries to Mecca and Medina, and from East Africa to India, Pakistan and Iran. Tourist flows from Australia and New Zealand are relatively high, especially to Southeast and South Asia. Among Asian countries, Japan stands out in intra-Asian flows.
Flows from Asia to other parts of the world are comparatively small, and the Asian tourism market does not yet match its huge population. Today, the Japanese and residents of a number of countries of South-West Asia travel beyond this part of the world more than others.

Southwest Asia

This region covers a vast and extremely diverse geographically, historically and socio-economic area. This includes 16 states: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Iran, Yemen, Qatar, Cyprus, Kuwait, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey. It should be noted that the conventional concept of "Near and Middle East" is somewhat broader than "Southwest Asia", since it covers the territory of the states of Southwest Asia, as well as Egypt and Sudan. The favorable geographical position of some states and regions is combined with the remoteness and isolation of others; favorable climatic and landscape conditions for tourism and resort business, as well as a variety of recreational resources in some countries - with desert, arid (in most of the Arabian Peninsula) in others. There are also serious political differences: in a number of states in the region, monarchies (including absolute ones) with strong remnants of feudal and tribal relations have survived, but the republican form of government still prevails.

In general, South-West Asia can be considered one of the most promising regions for the development of tourism. Wide access to many seas and bays of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, as well as to the Caspian Sea, geographical position at the junction of three parts of the world, various relief and climatic conditions, a large number of sunny days, unique natural attractions, numerous historical, cultural and religious monuments, the presence developed tourist infrastructure in a number of states (Cyprus, Turkey, Israel) - all these and many other factors contribute to the widespread attraction of guests from other parts of the world, as well as the development of tourist exchange within the region.

We invite you on a long journey through the five countries of Southeast Asia: China, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and "a state within a state" - Hong Kong. A tour full of interesting excursions with a beach vacation on the picturesque islands of Bali and Borneo will delight tourists who prefer to combine relaxation on beautiful beaches with immersion in ancient history and impressive architecture. As part of the program, you will appreciate the beauty of Senado Square with its stone mosaic depicting waves in Macau, visit the Kota Kinabalu National Park, climb Victoria Peak in Hong Kong, take a photo against the backdrop of the "crystal" Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur, explore the beauty Bali and learn the history of Singapore's symbol - Merlion. Air flights are included in the tour price!

For five countries of Southeast Asia

Tour duration: 14 days / 13 nights.

Tour type: individual, combined.

Tour route: Hong Kong (2 nights) - Macau (1 night) - Kota Kinabalu (3 nights) - Kuala Lumpur (2 nights) - Bali (3 nights) - Singapore (2 nights).

Tour dates in 2020: upon request.

The cost of the program per person is from $ 3600.

Included in cost:

• international flights:
• four domestic flights en route;
• accommodation in hotels of the selected category according to the program;
• meals according to the program;
• transfers according to the program;
• excursions according to the program;
• services of a Russian-speaking guide.

Additionally paid:

• medical insurance ($ 20);
• food and drinks not included in the price of the program;
• additional excursions (upon prior request);
• registration of an electronic visa for Singapore (recommended, cost - $ 50);
• personal and other expenses not included in the tour price.

Singapore

Tour program

Day 1. Hong Kong

Departure from Moscow Domodedovo Airport at 12:35 by Etihad Airways flight. Arrive in Abu Dhabi at 18:55. Transfer to another flight and departure to Hong Kong at 21:55.

Day 2. Hong Kong - Macau

Arrival in Hong Kong - the largest administrative center in China. Transfer to the pier, accommodation on the ferry and departure at 12:00. In an hour you will arrive in Macau - an open port and a large financial center of the Middle Kingdom, famous for its casinos, gambling houses, a racetrack and nightclubs. But this is not only the capital of gambling. Macau is a former Portuguese colony. The picturesque center of the Portuguese era reflects the clash of European and Chinese cultures and values.

Passage of migration control. Transfer to the selected hotel, accommodation in the room. Macau City Tour starts at 15:00. senado squarewith a stone mosaic depicting waves, ruins of St. Paul's Church and fort Monteand also see casino wynn with its famous light and music fountains, "golden tree" and fire-water show. In addition, on this day you can hear the singing of gondoliers and take a ride on Venetian gondolas in complex "Venice".

The end of the excursion at 19:00. If desired and for a fee, you can visit a unique show in House of dancing water - "The House of Dancing Water».

Show ticket prices:

Shows take place on Monday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday. The show starts at 17:00 and 20:00.

Day 3. Macau - Hong Kong

Breakfast, check-out, transfer to the pier and departure to Hong Kong at 12:00 (travel time - 1 hour). Transfer to the hotel, accommodation.

A sightseeing tour of Hong Kong starts at 14:30 (duration - 4 hours). You will have the opportunity to climb the famous victoria Peak - the highest point of the island. Since its inception in 1888, the funicular has taken tourists to the steep 373-meter-high slope, on the way to which, during a seven-minute climb, travelers enjoy breathtaking views of the Hong Kong port and the skyline of skyscrapers.

In addition, you will see the old Cathedral, walk along the street Queens roadand see several thousand Chinese vases in the old antique hollywood Road, discuss the local cuisine with your guide.

The excursion ends at 18:30. Its format: by bus to Victoria Peak, ascent to SKY TERRACE, descent to Peak Trem, walk to Sheng Wan (via the cathedral, Man Mo temple and antique street), transfer by double-decker tram to IFC).

Day 4. Hong Kong

Breakfast, free time for independent walks. If desired and for an additional fee, you can go on optional excursions.

Hong Kong, China

Day 5. Hong Kong - Kota Kinabalu

Breakfast at the hotel, transfer to the airport, departure at 9:55 am by Air Asia flight to Borneo island. Arrival in the capital of the Malaysian state of Sabah - Kota Kinabalu. Accommodation at the hotel, free time and rest.

Day 6. Kota Kinabalu

After breakfast at the hotel, you will have an excursion to Kota Kinabalu National Park with a visit to hot springs, accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide (duration - 8 hours, lunch included).

You will drive along a scenic road that winds through rice fields, picturesque local villages and endless valleys. Don't miss the opportunity to cross the longest cable car bridge in Sabah, suspended 50 meters above the ground in the upper tiers of the rainforest. You will reach the park located at the foot of mountains Kinabalu (its height above sea level is 4095 meters). Walk through the mountain garden and jungle, where you will see more than 1000 species of plants, including Rafflesia - world-famous and very rare carnivorous flowers.

After lunch you will dive into the hot springs famous for their healing properties. Relaxation and bathing in the springs among picturesque nature. Return to the hotel.

Days 7-8. Kota Kinabalu

Tomorrow, free time, beach rest. On the 8th day, if you wish and for a fee, you can go on an optional excursion to lok Kavi Wildlife Park (duration - 4 hours, accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide ").

Day 9. Kota Kinabalu - Kuala Lumpur

Breakfast at the hotel, free time for independent walks. Releasing the number. You can drop off your luggage at the left-luggage office prior to your transfer to the airport.

Departure at 18:55 by Air Asia flight. Arrival at 21:25 in the capital of Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur. Transfer to the hotel, accommodation in the room.

Day 10. Kuala Lumpur - Bali island

Breakfast at the hotel complex, check out. City tour accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide (duration - 6 hours, lunch included).

You will visit the central square and see sultan Abdul Samat's palace, drive through the old quarters of the city, you will see masjid Negara Mosquewith a 75m minaret and a star-shaped roof, see Chinese temple with a source of living water and Buddha's garden, climb to a 270-meter observation deck tV towers and, of course, take a picture against the background of the "crystal" twin Towers Petronas.

Sultan Abdul Samat's palace, Malaysia

Visit caves of Batulocated near Kuala Lumpur, in limestone cliffs covered with dense tropical vegetation. For millions of years, water has been grinding stone here to create beautiful and amazing natural monuments. You will take a staircase of two hundred and seventy-two steps to the entrance to the caves. Indians regularly make this unique pilgrimage here. Inside and outside the caves are some of the most beautiful Hindu temples in Malaysia.

Transfer to the airport, departure at 17:55 to Denpasar by Air Asia flight. Arrival at 20:55, transfer to the hotel, accommodation and rest.

Day 11. Bali island

Breakfast at the hotel and a sightseeing tour of Bali, accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide (lunch included). Every corner of the resort is imbued with an oriental and festive atmosphere. Its tropical forests and majestic volcanoes, magnificent beaches and unique ancient temples are amazing.

Traveling across the island, you will reach UNESCO Global Geopark in the Kintamani region, where the Batur volcano is located and the lake of the same name located in its crater. On the way, you will stop by the picturesque local villages and get acquainted with the popular crafts on the island - making silver jewelry, batik production and wood carving. Visiting the temple, visiting the house of local residents and visiting the rice terraces.

You will also visit the garden where coffee, cocoa, vanilla and pineapple are grown. Here you can taste freshly roasted and brewed coffee or cocoa and, if you wish, purchase several packages.

After lunch you will go to Bird and reptile park... It is located between the resorts of Ubud and Kuta and covers an area of \u200b\u200b2 hectares. It is an impressive rainforest with beautiful exotic gardens and almost invisible bird cages. In the park, you can meet Balinese starlings and parrots, Australian cockatoos and African crowned cranes, admire Tanzanian flamingos, chat with South American macaws, watch pelicans and funny rhino birds, as well as see rare paradise cassowaries and beautiful birds.

Later - inspection Reptile parkwhere crocodiles, snakes and lizards live. Some species of turtles, iguanas and lizards even let you pull yourself together for a photo.

Day 12. Bali island

Breakfast in the hotel. Free time to explore the island on your own and enjoy the beach. Holidays in these places will delight even the most sophisticated travelers and will be remembered for a long time. The island has an excellent infrastructure: cruises on motor ships are constantly arranged here, and at night there are many cafes and discos. In addition, Bali has all the conditions for active water sports, including kitesurfing and diving.

If desired and for a fee, you can go on additional excursions:

• Visit to the temple on the island of Java borobudur complex and hindu temple prambanan (with lunch, accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide).
• Travel to the most mysterious places of the island - "Ancient Bali" - with a survey Elephant cave, ancient temple with healing springs - Tirta Empul, archaeological complex Gunung Kawi (lunch included, duration - all day, accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide).

Prambanan Temple Complex, Indonesia

Day 13. Bali Island - Singapore

Airport transfer. Departure at 6:10 am for Singapore on an Air Asia flight, arrival at 8:55 am.

A sightseeing tour of Singapore with a Russian-speaking guide (duration - 3.5 hours) starts at 10:00. You will visit the colonial part of the city, see the historical padang square,parliament and Supreme Court buildings... They are of high historical and architectural value and were built at the beginning of the last century. Then you will walk next to the old by the Queen Victoria Theater, admire the majestic cathedral cathedral of St. Andrewand see the oldest hotel in the city - Raffles... You will learn a lot of interesting things about the history of the creation of a small state, which is often called the "lion city", and also hear the history Merlion- the symbol of Singapore.

Then you will go to the business center of the city to appreciate the architectural masterpieces of the latest era: explanade Concert Hall, skyscrapers of Raflls Placeas well as the famous marina Bay Sands complex... Then, hitting Singapore ChinatownYou will be transported to the colorful Chinatown with a unique oriental atmosphere and two-story shophouses. You will visit one of the local temples, which will amaze you with an incredible variety of colors and a large number of statues of various gods scattered throughout the building.

After - a visit to factory of gems, where you will see a unique gallery of paintings made by hand from semi-precious stones, and learn all the intricacies of their production technology. Tour ends with a visit Botanical Garden, striking a variety of forms of tropical flora and fauna presented here. You will visit the amazingly beautiful orchid garden, where, in particular, the national flower of Singapore grows. The last stop along the route is the main street of Singapore Orchard Roadwhere shops and restaurants are located. This is a shopper's paradise, where you can find almost any product.

Day 14. Singapore

Breakfast in the hotel. Free day for independent walks.

If desired and for a fee, you can go on additional excursions (you must book in advance):

• Travel to Sentosa Island accompanied by a Russian-speaking guide. Duration - 4 hours.
• Visit to the Singapore Zoo. Duration - 3.5 hours.
• Walk through the gardens by the bay. Duration - 3.5 hours.

Day 15. Singapore - Abu Dhabi

Breakfast at the hotel, free time to explore the city on your own and buy souvenirs for family and friends. Check out, transfer to the airport. Departure to Abu Dhabi at 20:05, arrival at 23:35.

Southwest Asia includes the states of the Near and Middle East with ancient history and predominantly Muslim culture. The exception is Israel - a country of immigration and widespread Judaism with its shrines. Historically, the city of Jerusalem is currently located on the territory of Israel, where the shrines of three religions are located: Judaism, Christianity, Islam. This, on the one hand, attracts a large number of tourists, partly pilgrims, and on the other hand, it creates the ground for constant conflicts, which also affects the scale of tourism.

In the countries of this zone, the attention of tourists is attracted by the warm sea (especially the Mediterranean, washing the shores of Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, Syria, Israel), and the subtropical climate. Fans of educational tourism are attracted by ancient cities or their ruins, numerous cities with their historical and cultural heritage - Istanbul (Turkey), Amman (Jordan), the ancient cities of Lebanon Baalbek, Sayda, as well as the tourist center of Beirut, Nicosia (Cyprus), Iranian cities. Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz, Hamadan, etc.

Certain countries of the Arab East, as well as Turkey, attract many "shuttle traders" - participants in shopping tours. Afghanistan has interesting tourist opportunities, but the events of recent decades make it impossible to use them. The following tourist macro-regions are present in South-West Asia: Cyprus and Turkey, Palestine, Arab states (Middle East), Middle East.

Cyprus is a state located on the island of the same name in the north-eastern part of the Mediterranean.

Cyprus first gained independence in 1960, but in 1974 Turkish troops landed on the island. After that, the northern territory of the country was ceded to Turkey. There are no diplomatic relations between the Greek and Turkish parts. The Turkish part is closed to entry from the Greek side.

The territory of the Greek part of the island (Republic of Cyprus) is 5.9 thousand square meters. km, the Turkish part (Northern Cyprus) - 3.35 thousand square meters. km. The coast of the island in the northern part is indented and rocky, the south of the island is flat, with long sandy beaches. In the center and southwest of the island is the vast old volcanic Troodos massif (the highest point is Mount Olympos, 1951 m). The vast and fertile valley of Mesaoria stretches between the mountains.

Cyprus in ancient times was the center of Mediterranean trade, which led to the mixing of cultural monuments of all European civilizations on its land. The capital of the country is Nicosia with the Center for Applied Arts located there, the Archbishop's Square with the Palace of the Archbishop, the Gate of Ammochostos and the Statue of Liberty, the archaeological museum, the Venetian walls (XVI century) with the Gate of Famagusta and the ring of the Municipal Park outside, the Church of Chrysaliniotissa, built by the mosque in 1450 , the churches of Tripiotis and Faneromeni, the Cathedral of St. John, built in 1662.

Limassol It is best known for its beaches, medieval museum, old castles and winemaking. Monuments Larnaca are the Larnaca Fortress (1625); Jami Kebir Mosque; church of ev. Lazarus; Laiki Getonya (one of the old quarters); the church of Angeloktistos; Hala Sultan Tekke Mosque (1816), one of the main Muslim shrines (since Umm Haram, the aunt of the Prophet Muhammad is buried here); aqueduct (used for its intended purpose until 1939); catholic cathedral of ev. Sofia (XIII century); Archaeological Museum; royal chapel of ev. Katerina.

Within the resort Pathos interesting are the Port Fortress, the Paphos Mosaics entered in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Register, Panaya Limeniotissa, the Odeon Theater, the catacombs of St. Solomonia, Royal Tombs, Chrysopolitessa Church and Column of s. Paul, "House of Theseus", "Villa

Dionysus ”, the beach of Aphrodite, the bay of Curene, the ancient Roman city of Curium with its Greco-Roman theater, the Kolossi castle. Ancient monuments in Salamis are the tomb of St. Catherine, the Costello castle in Famagusta, the Gothic cathedral of St. Nicholas.

Sea resorts Cyprus are Limassol, Protaras, Lara Beach with a sea turtle breeding station, Latchi, Cape Greco, Polis, numerous beach resort complexes on the southwest coast. The Troodos mountain range, where the summer residence of the President of Cyprus is located, provides opportunities for mountain tourism.

Turkey is a state in the southeast of Europe and Western Asia, with a total area of \u200b\u200b780.6 thousand square meters. km and a population of 80 million people. Capital - Ankara. In the north-west it borders with Bulgaria and Greece, in the north-east - with Georgia and Armenia, in the east - with Iran, in the south - with Iraq and Syria. In the north it is washed by the Black and Marmara Seas, in the south - by the Mediterranean Sea, in the west - by the Aegean Sea. The European part of Turkey (Eastern Thrace, or Roumelia) is a hilly plateau about 1000 m above sea level. The Asian part (Asia Minor, or Anatolia) is limited by the mountain ranges of the Pontic Mountains in the north and the Taurus system in the south, between which the Anatolian Highlands (average elevation up to 1000 m) are located, with river valleys and cones of extinct volcanoes in the east.

Turkey attracts recreational tourists: the coastal regions (along the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara, Black Seas) are known for their favorable conditions (warm sea, subtropical climate), which contributed to the emergence of the famous resorts of Antalya, Alanya, Kemer, Belek, Side, Izmir, Marmaris and others (fig.9.1). There are resorts in the interior of Turkey, famous for their mineral springs. For example, springs near the city of Bursa were used by the Byzantines. Lovers of winter recreation are attracted by the modern ski resorts of Palandoken, Uludag, etc.

But, of course, Turkey is also famous for its historical and cultural values. Many of them are concentrated on the shore

Symbols Excursion centers ^ Ski resorts A Sea resorts

Borders of tourist

recreational areas

Tourist and recreational

• 1 Sea of \u200b\u200bMarmara Region
• 2 Aegean region
• 3 Mediterranean Sea Region
• 4 Central Anatolia
• 5 Black Sea Region
• 6 Eastern Anatolia
• 7 Southeast Anatolia

R and C. 9.1. Tourist and recreational centers in Turkey

Chapter 9. International tourism in Asia

the Bosphorus in Istanbul (in the past - the capital of Byzantium, Constantinople, in ancient Russian documents - Constantinople). The transformation of an Orthodox Byzantine city into a Muslim city changed its appearance: Orthodox churches turned into mosques. There are many of them, therefore, there are also many minarets. The most famous temple is the outstanding work of Byzantine architecture Hagia Sophia There are also museums in Istanbul, including archaeological (with the sarcophagus of Alexander the Great), antiquity, conquerors, Muslim art, etc., the church of St. Irina, the choral monastery church, the Church of the Most Holy Theotokos, mosques - Ahmed (Blue Mosque), Mikrimakhi, Selim the Conqueror, Bayazid, Suleiman, Eyyup, underground palaces-reservoirs, the remains of a Byzantine fortress. In the XX century. Istanbul is largely Europeanized.

Other centers of educational tourism in Turkey: the capital Ankara (where ancient buildings and the mausoleum of the founder of modern Turkey Ataturk (Kemal Pasha) are located; Homer's birthplace Izmir, which is famous for antiquities and annual fairs; Bursa, Adana, Erzurum with their antiquities and numerous mosques. Aspendos is a city created by colonists after the Trojan War , in which there are many beautiful structures, including the theater-palace of the architect Zeno (II century) and the Roman arched aqueduct; Mira - the ancient capital of Lycia, "the country of light rays", famous for its necropolis, carved into the rocks, as well as the church of St. Nicholas, a place of pilgrimage for Christians.There are many nature reserves in the country - Olympos-Beydaglari, Munzur-Vadisi, Köprülü Canyon, etc.

Most of Turkey is made up of plateaus and low mountains, which in the east of the country turn into highlands. There is located the Ararat massif, sacred to Armenians (but located after the First World War in Turkey), where, according to the biblical tradition, Noah completed his journey, the large and picturesque Lake Van. So in the east of Turkey there are many natural attractions ™. However, so far this undoubtedly potentially resort area has been little developed.

Palestine. This macro-region includes the state of Israel, inhabited mainly by Jews (indigenous people and immigrants), and Arab territories that have been fighting for the creation of an Arab Palestinian state for many decades.

The territory of Palestine has seen many historical events in its lifetime. Suffice it to say that the very first city in the world was discovered in the Jordan Valley - Jericho ("the city of dates"), which is seven thousand years old.

Jerusalem, the city of three historical denominations (Jewish, Christian and Muslim) attracts the largest number of tourists. Among the historical and cultural monuments, it is enough to name the Jewish Wailing Wall, Christian shrines - the chapel of the Holy Sepulcher, Golgotha, where Christ was crucified, the rock where he prayed (and many more places associated with evangelical subjects). According to Islam, the Muslim prophet Muhammad later ascended to heaven from the rock where Christ prayed (the mosque of Omar was built here). It is no coincidence that during the division of Palestine after World War II, the UN made a decision on the special status of Jerusalem, which is historically divided into the Old and New City.

South of Jerusalem is located Bethlehem, over which, according to legend, a star was lit when Jesus Christ was born. A grandiose temple was built here.

Tel Aviv - the capital of Israel (although the country's leadership considers Jerusalem as the capital, which is not recognized by most countries in the world) with its Museum of Mediterranean Art "Haaretz", an art gallery. Among the streets of Tel Aviv there are streets of Korolenko, Zola, etc. It practically merged with Tel Aviv Jaffa, in contrast to young Tel Aviv, dating back several centuries of its existence. In this city you can walk along the streets of Pushkin, Pestalozzi, Michelangelo, Gorky, Ozheshko, Dante.

In the area of \u200b\u200bcities Haifa and Natanya on the Mediterranean coast, as well as in the Eilat region in the Arabian Gulf of the Red Sea, there are seaside resorts. There are resorts on the coast of the Dead Sea located below the ocean level, the very high salinity of the waters of which allows swimmers to freely float on the water. An appropriate infrastructure has been created for tourists in Israel.

The Arab countries of Southwest Asia include virtually the entire area, with the exception of Palestine, Israel and the Middle East. Essentially, we are talking about the Middle East or most of Western Asia (from Lebanon in the northwest to Yemen in the southeast). All these are Muslim Arab states.

With the exception of some outskirts - Mediterranean Lebanon and partly Syria in the north-west and "happy Arabia" (southern Yemen) on the edge of the Arabian Peninsula - all countries in the region are arid desert and semi-desert territories. Therefore, civilization developed only where it was possible to create irrigation systems at the expense of rivers (as in Mesopotamia) or groundwater - in oases. From the middle of the XX century. oil is extracted in many countries of the region, which leads to the formation of oases on an "industrial basis" due to the supply of water from deep horizons or desalination of seawater. In the course of these processes, a modern civilization is formed with all its pluses and minuses. In particular, the centers of this new civilization attract a large number of shuttle tourists from the CIS countries to the countries of the region. In some states of the region, modern sea resorts appear on the shores of the seas. There are also mountain resorts in the cities of Lebanon. All this serves the development of recreational tourism.

Almost in all countries of the macroregion there are many historical and cultural attractions - monuments of distant millennia and centuries. So, on the territory Lebanon one of the earliest human settlements is located - Baalbek, where the ruins of religious buildings dedicated to Jupiter, statues, sculptural images of Venus, Bacchus, rows of columns and sculptures, stairs are preserved. One of the oldest settlements in Lebanon is the city of Sayda. The very same capital of the country - Beirut - along with the old quarters, is distinguished by quite modern buildings, corresponding to the role of Beirut as a center of finance and culture.

IN Syria The ancient cities of Palmyra and Aleppo with their monuments of Hellenistic art are of great interest to tourists. The capital of the country, Damascus, attracts by objects of Muslim culture, among which one of the most famous shrines of Islam is the Omayyad Mosque.

Muslim architecture is typical for most areas of the capital Iraq - Baghdad. The Nazimiyya Mosque, or the Golden Mosque, is very famous, decorated with four minarets with gilded domes (which is a rarity in such structures). There are many modern buildings and monuments in the city, stylized in the spirit of Muslim traditions. Away from the capital, located on the banks of the Tigris River, are the ruins of ancient cities, including Babylon. There are in Iraq (in the north and north-east of the country) and summer high-mountain resorts. Despite the undoubted tourist attraction of Lebanon, Syria and Iraq, the flow of tourists to these countries is limited due to political instability.

Others are much less interesting for educational tourism arab countries of the Middle East: Jordan, Yemen, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain. In these countries, whose economies are based on oil production (Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates), modern cities attract attention.

Saudi Arabia occupies a special place among the countries of the Middle East. It is on its territory that the main places of pilgrimage for Muslims are located - the holy cities of Mecca (with the black stone Kaaba) and Medina, cities associated with the activities of the Prophet Muhammad and the birth of Islam. Hundreds of thousands, and in some years even millions of Muslims from all over the world come here as pilgrims. The pilgrimage (hajj) brings huge profits to the country, and the pilgrims "attach" themselves to eternal life in paradise. The city of Jeddah is located on the country's Red Sea coast, through which thousands of pilgrims go. There are also several historical monuments, among which, according to legend, the grave of the first woman Eve.

Saudi Arabia covers an area of \u200b\u200b1.6 - 2.4 million square meters. km (according to various sources). The population of the country is over 18 million people, the capital Riyadh.

United Arab Emirates (UAE) - a country with an area of \u200b\u200b83.6 thousand square meters. km and a population of more than 2 million people - this is a bright sun 360 days a year and a warm clear sea, landscapes of the desert with oases and zones of red sands, wadis (dry river estuaries) and dunes, peaks of the Al Hajars massif, numerous key lakes of volcanic origin and color palette of stones.

The coral reefs of Kor Fakan are famous for the flora and fauna of the underwater world, and the coast of the Persian Gulf is famous for golden sands and exceptional clarity of water. Hotels on the seashore offer tourists swimming pools and well-equipped hotel beaches, equipped with everything you need.

The capital of the UAE is Abu Dhabi. In the city of Dubai - the ancient Arab buildings of the Bastakiya district, the Dubai History Museum (Al Fahidi Fort), the Jumeirah Mosque, Sheikh Said Palace, the Historical Village Museum, the Dubai Zoo - the best in the Middle East, Wonderland - one of the largest water parks in Asia. Once a year, Dubai is home to the world's largest shopping festival, attracting over 2 million visitors. Dubai Hotel "Arab Tower" (Burj al-Arab) is the world's tallest hotel (height 321 m). Hatta is a mountain resort that belongs to the emirate Dubai, located in the center of the Hajar mountain range and is a picturesque place surrounded by palm trees, transparent lakes and small farms.

In the city of Ajman, there is a museum, which is located in a fort built at the end of the 18th century, and until the end of the 1970s. which is the residence of the emir. Its exposition includes a collection of archaeological finds, ancient manuscripts, weapons, reconstructed traditional Arab rooms and a market.

Emirate Ras el-Khaimah represented by ancient cities (Yulfar - a flourishing pearl trading center in the past, Digdagh - the largest old city of Ras al-Khaimah), hot springs of the Hatts, the emirate museum (a huge military fort) with traditional household items, jewelry, archaeological finds, the oldest of which dates back to the 1st millennium BC.

In the emirate Umm al-Quwain ("Source of strength") are located: Falaj Al Muala - a huge date garden, surrounded by high dunes; water park "Dreamland" with an artificial volcano 18 m high with imitation of fire, lighting effects, numerous water attractions; Fujairah city with sandy beaches and mountain headlands is one of the best snorkeling spots.

Mereja, the "museum treasury of the UAE", is the oldest district in the emirate Sharjahwhere are located: one of the largest in the Middle East, King Faisal Mosque, which can accommodate up to 3000 worshipers; numerous museums and exhibitions, beaches of Khalid lagoon. New, but already popular entertainment in the UAE - skiing on the sand, rallying by car in the desert.

The countries of the Middle East are Iran and Afghanistan.

Iran - a country of diverse nature and ancient history. Nature lovers will find in Iran the seas and rivers, plains (low and elevated) and high Elbrus mountains with the main peak Demavend (in the north of the country), various forests, dry steppes, semi-deserts and deserts, healing mineral springs and curative mud. Iran has many monuments of Muslim culture (civil and religious buildings) - in the capital Tehran, the cities of Isfahan, Tabriz, Mashhad, Qazvin, etc. At present, due to the difficult international situation of Iran (largely due to its isolation), the flow of tourists to the country very limited.

Afghanistan - a multinational mountainous country where military operations have been going on for many years. Therefore, as well as due to the very low level of development of tourist infrastructure, the harsh, but impressive nature of Afghanistan, and its historical and cultural sites located in the capital Kabul, the cities of Herat, Kandahar, etc. remain unclaimed. One of the most famous tourism objects throughout Asia - Biamin. In this depression, located in the central part of the country at an altitude of more than 2 thousand meters, there are rocks dug by hundreds of caves, and in the rocks there are two 50-meter high Buddha statues carved. On the hill is the Shahar-i-Gulgula fortress. The possibilities of the winter resort of Jalalabad, hunting and observing local ritual holidays are not in demand either.

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The best resorts in Southeast Asia

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Region Southeast Asia is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. The reason for this is the winter seasonality, unique exotic nature, a combination of skyscrapers and urbanization with white beaches and azure sea, where you can escape in the middle of our winter bad weather. A big plus is a wide selection of the cost of tours from democratic reed bungalows to luxury hotel complexes with a worldwide reputation.

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PATTAYA THAILAND

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