What is the difference between emigration from immigration - what are those who leave the abroad forever?

Immigration and emigration concepts have two opposite values \u200b\u200bfor one action. It is important to understand them in order to correctly understand the laws and documents required to go abroad.

Interestingly, according to official statistics, only since the beginning of the new millennium, more than 200 million residents of the Earth moved to another state. Emigration is a departure from the country, Immigration is a relocation to the mill in order to stay there forever (entry into a different country with the target there to settle).

Russia also leave, but at the same time foreigners arrive here. On average, the number of immigrants in 2017 varies within 2 million. Note that unofficial data are unknown.

In a nutshell, emigration is leaving the limits of your country, and immigration is entry into it.

Statistics emigration from the Russian Federation

The research results confirm that over the past year, more than 200 thousand people left the country. But state statistics takes into account those who officially became a citizen of another state - such as 34 thousand according to 2017 data. The desire to leave the homeland show entrepreneurs and students. This is due to a variety of programs for students of universities, which not only receive knowledge abroad, but in the future it is employed there. Entrepreneurs are pushing low quality social guarantees and the lack of prospects for creating a stable business.

The information of the State Statistics Committee suggests that the flow of emigrants is increasing every year. In 2012, 122 thousand people left the country, in 2014 already 308 thousand, and in 2015 - 353 thousand.

Most leaves their homeland for the sake of US and European countries. So, in 2016, 7.6 thousand went to Germany, in Finland - 1.14, in Israel - 2.24, and in the USA - 2.77 thousand.

It is worth noting that the population is regularly replenished by visitors. For example, in 2012, 417 thousand people drove into the country, and in 2014 - 578 thousand.

What is immigration

Find out than this concept differs from others. Definition Immigration is an intersection of the country's borders, entry into it. At the same time, first is issued a residence permit, and then - citizenship. This is a way to move to another state and get there a job. Immigrate to Russia, some people from the former CIS countries want to immigrate. This is an opportunity to improve the conditions for living, find a good vacancy and get benefits.

The difference of two concepts is that departing from the state are called immigrants, and arriving in it - immigrants.

What is emigration

Do not confuse this concept with tourist trips. Emigration is the process of relocation beyond the boundaries of the state in which a person was constantly. It does not take into account whether permanent residence is issued or only temporary accommodation is planned. Unlike ordinary tourists, these people wish to settle for a long time.

Previously, forced to leave the place of birth was called expat. The term is literally translated as "finding outside the homeland." Now this is a slang designation of foreign labor.

When moving, old citizenship is not always lost or is purchased. Often the solution to emigrate is associated with external circumstances. These may be hostilities on site, climate and environmental problems, prosecution for religious, political or ethnic reasons. Or a desire to reunite with the family, as well as a bad standard of living and lack of work.

What is migration

The word has Latin roots. Migro is translated as moving or relocation. Migration is a forced or voluntary movement of people from one state to another. It has internal and external forms. The first option suggests that the migrant moves within the country and does not cross its border. The process is natural.

It is worth noting the following varieties of this phenomenon:

• Constant at which a new place of residence is chosen and no return to the past.
• Temporary implies moving for a short period.
• Pendulovaya - cyclical trips to a new place and return back. It may be a study in another settlement.
• Seasonal occurs during the corresponding work.

Migrate - means moving around the country with a specific goal (for knowledge, recreation or work).

Historical facts about emigration waves from the Russian Federation

It was relevant always - because people left abroad and in Tsarist Russia. The scale of citizens' flows differed in different historical periods, as well as reasons for emigration.

In Russia, there were five emigration waves caused by circumstances, reasons and time:

• The first stage was noted in 1917, after the civil war. Then the creative intelligentsia was actively leaving the homeland. These were world famous people: Sergey Rakhmaninov, Ivan Bunin and Fedor Shalyapin. In 1919, the aircraft designer Igor Sikorsky left, in 1920 - Nikolai Berdyaev.
• The next wave of emigration was held after the Great Patriotic War. These were people who, for various reasons, expelled outside the homeland.

• The third - lasted from 1961 to the 80s. People left the country for religious reasons, as well as in connection with the Cold War. At that time, Germans and Jews left, who wished to reunite with the historic homeland.
• The fourth is due to economic reasons. It began in the 90s.
• The fifth wave lasted until 2008. At this time, many educated and talented people left the country.

Causes of phenomena

To better understand what emigration and immigration are, it is necessary to deal with the reasons for this process. If we talk about Russia, it is:

• Security level. No feeling of security and confidence in tomorrow. Crime indicators in European countries - lower than us.
• An unfavorable environmental situation in the regions, which affects the life expectancy.
• Political situation. Not everyone wants to remain in the country whose policies contradicts personal beliefs.
• Career implementation. It fails to succeed in his professional activities. And if in Moscow and in St. Petersburg there is a chance to find a highly paid job, then there are almost no opportunities for career growth in small settlements.
• The fee for the same work in some countries is more than in Russia.
• Comfortable living conditions. Developed infrastructure, good roads, high-quality medical care and social guarantees.
• More prospects for talented people.

You can become refugees for religious or political reasons, as well as in the event of a restricted situation in the state.

In 2008, people left Russia due to the global economic crisis.

How to emigrate from the Russian Federation

The resettlement is often associated with dissatisfaction with the living conditions in their homeland. Regardless of the causes of departure, you need to know how to emigrate correctly.

Choosing a country

First of all, you need to decide on the move. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of stay in a particular state are analyzed. An important indicator is the standard of living of the local population.

In 2019, the following list should be considered as attractive options:

• Norway is an excellent country in terms of living. Here are high incomes, free education and medicine, many social programs and high pension payments. The state belongs to the Schengen zone, which allows you to freely travel in other European countries.
• Switzerland - World Finance Center. Here calmly and safely. A strong economy involves good working conditions and life. But on the territory is a tough migration policy for foreigners. It is easier to move here to businessmen, investors and highly qualified specialists.
• In Canada, a loyal attitude towards migrants. They can take advantage of the special program for beginner entrepreneurs. Here is a steady economy and high wages. Qualified personnel are appreciated.
• Economically developed and successful countries include Sweden. Visitors attract stability and high standard of living. But it's not so easy to stay in it, and hard rules have been introduced to obtain permanent residence.
• To settle in Italy, it is enough to invest 150 thousand euros in its economy or acquire real estate.
• The Czech Republic provides favorable conditions for doing business. Good lending schemes and settlement taxes are offered.
• Spain receive citizenship after 10 years of continuous stay in the country.
• To stay in Bulgaria enough to purchase housing.
• In Israel, those who have Jewish roots are sent without any problems. Some emigrants can easily move to another country after marriage. Of particular difficulties will not arise in Brazil or Portugal.

To go to another state for permanent residence and employment, it is necessary to own a foreign language. Knowing only Russian, you can go to the countries of the former USSR - Georgia, Abkhazia, Belarus or Kazakhstan. Recently, difficulties have arisen with travel to Ukraine.

Ownership Another language must confirm the special certificates received in the Ministry of Migration after passing the exam.

It is easier in a new place there will be migrants who have a popular specialty. Builders, engineers, doctors, environmentalists, journalists and personnel in the field of tourism are in demand.

When choosing a country, it is necessary to take into account the climatic features, national and religious traditions.

Immigration policy tightened for those who want to move to the United Kingdom, France or Iceland. Serious impact methods are provided for illegal visitors.

It is possible to stay in Slovenia or Hungary if you make investments in their economy.

Methods

There are different emigration options:

• Reunion with family. At the same time, the applicant for the place of residence is counting on time to receive citizenship.
• Professional ways. If the specialty and knowledge of the language is presented, you can move to Canada, Australia or to the UK.
• A business visa is issued when investing in the economy or when opening your own business.
• Student emigration is popular, for example, Poland, Australia or Germany.
• Participation in the lottery for receiving green cards. It should be secondary education.

Costs

Moving to another country is associated with financial costs. We will need money for the first time to arrange a new place: housing, meals, passage.

Even having an invitation from the employer, you will need funds for the design of the necessary securities. Costs will be required upon receipt of a visa, moving and during further design procedures. At the same time in different countries the amount may vary.

Reaamigration

This term denotes the return process to their homeland. An example is the repatriation of Russians from Germany, where they were taken away by violently during the war years. One of the states that announced the reeemigration is Israel. Every Jew has the right to return to his country. At the same time, benefits and benefits are offered. Such a program is implemented in Kazakhstan, in Ukraine and in Russia since 2006. Such procedures allow to regulate demographic issues, raise the standard of living and coordinate the correct settlement of citizens.

With a thorough study of two different concepts, special difficulties will not arise when applying them.