Double citizenship in Russia: law, notification, blanks, can you have

The legislative norms of the USSR were built on a sharp denial of dual citizenship, while Russia permits the possibility of adopting second citizenship.

According to Article 62 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Russian is entitled to adopt foreign citizenship in accordance with federal laws or an international treaty concluded with one state or another. The law "On Citizenship of the Russian Federation" reads, the Russian, who has citizenship of another country will be considered only as a citizen of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise provided.

I.e double citizenship in Russia is denied if such facts do not enter the regulatory acts. This is based on the principle of adventure of dual citizenship, the meaning of which is that Russia recognizes the possible legal consequences, inevitably arising from the situation when its citizen receives a second passport. However, such possible consequences will not be recognized if the receipt of second citizenship was not regulated.

What does the law say?

Russian laws do not provide for all sorts of limiters who prevented foreign citizenship. That is, dual citizenship is not prohibited, but its acceptance is not encouraged. Wherein denied not the fact of obtaining a second passport, and those legal consequences that arise from this situation.

Often, the receipt of the second citizenship can be a consequence of a different kind of characteristics of the legislation of a country. We give an example. Citizenship may be assigned both by the right of land (USA, Brazil, Cuba) and on the right of blood (the state of the European Union, the Russian Federation). In the first version, citizenship is assigned to every child born on territoryof a state, and in the second - minor receives citizenship only, provided that his parents (either one of them) are also citizens of the country.

Suppose that the Russian marriage couple moves to permanent residence in Brazil on legal grounds, but both spouses retain Russian citizenship. A child appears in a new place: it is automatically assigned Brazilian citizenship, but according to the norms of the legislation of the Russian Federation he will also be a citizen of Russia.

The adoption of foreign citizenship and expands the rights of citizens, and gives rise to many difficulties both for the Russians themselves and for the Russian Federation as a whole. For example, the issues of taxation and military service will be acute. Nevertheless, the denial of double citizenship in Russia creates artificial barriers between people, and have recently united by common spiritual, cultural and moral values. So the situation with the CIS countries.

While Russia signed an international agreement on the recognition of dual citizenship only with Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. Exclusively with these states there are bilateral agreements that regulate the rights of Russians having double citizens. But the presence of second citizenship Russian does not cause Russian citizenship to terminate him.

Features of the Dual Citizenship Act

There are no differences between the concepts of "two citizenships" and "dual citizenship". While the term "double citizenship" is legally competently applied only when the Russians are adopted by the Russians with which an international agreement is concluded. For example, a person with a passport of Sweden will be in the status of "two citizenships".

There are two options when you can say that the person has a specified status:

• A foreigner showed a desire to become a citizen of the Russian Federation. In this case, to get a Russian passport without refusing the previous citizenship will not work. This is based on the procedure itself. However, sometimes the migration service closes the eyes to such nuances or for various reasons, it does not require immediate renunciation from foreign citizenship, and the passport of the Russian Federation can be issued without obtaining such a refusal. Such a situation was observed with the inhabitants of the Crimea.
• Russian accepted foreign citizenship.

How can Dual Citizenship possible?

You can become a citizen of another country in some cases, but the most common option is the movement of the Russian to permanent residence in the other state. Popular in terms of migration countries remain, Canada, and even Australia. For example, Australia does not require from their future citizens to refuse the previous citizenship, and in the United States at least officially dual citizenship is not allowed, in practice, no one checks this fact.

After passing the so-called naturalization process, a foreigner is entitled to apply to him about the assignment of citizenship. Without going into details, we note that the process of obtaining citizenship is usually long enough and takes about 5-10 years. Of course, there are all sorts of nuances and exceptions, allowing to obtain citizenship in a shorter period. For example, marriage with a foreign citizen reduces the period of naturalization to 2-3 years. And in some cases, for example, according to the repatriation programs, the passport is issued already at the entrance to the country. But it is rather exceptional and special cases. The main way of receiving the second citizenship still remains naturalization.

Before receiving citizenship, it makes sense to carefully examine the legislative database of this state.. The presence of second citizenship involves both privileges and a number of responsibilities. For example, the passage of military service in his homeland may not be discharged from such a responsibility after receiving citizenship.

How to submit notice to the FMS (MIUM MIA)

Act of Double Citizenship imposes some obligations on persons in the status of "two citizenships", as well as received a residence permit or permanent residence. These changes are made in Art. 6 of the Law "On Citizenship of the Russian Federation" in June 2014. (With full text of the law, you can see the link www.rg.ru/2014/06/06/grajdanstvo-dok.html).

The law entered into force on August 4, 2014. According to the amended Russians who have two or more citizenship are obliged to notify the migration service about this fact. The new responsibility is assigned to parents of minor Russians who are owners of a passport or a residence permit. At the same time, the citizenship of official representatives of the child does not matter, and they are not at all obliged to be Russians. But notice of the second citizenship of his child must be submitted in the prescribed manner. Only citizens who are constantly outside Russia are released from such a duty.

You can report on second citizenship as it can personally in the FMS (from April 2016 - the Municipality of the Ministry of Internal Affairs) at the place of residence and sending the necessary documents by mail.

Thus, the obligation to submit an application to the FMS occurs if:

1. Citizen of the Russian Federation i bought a residence permit or citizenship of another country and at the same time he constantly lives in Russia;
2. Citizen of the Russian Federation it has a residence permit or citizenship of another country, where he constantly lives, but drove into Russia;

In other words, if the Russians have a residence permit or citizenship of another state where it is constantly, it is not necessary to file data. But as soon as the specified will be entered into the Russian Federation, they are obliged to report on their citizenship or a residence permit of another country. The exceptions are those Russians who visit the Russian Federation with a short-term visit, and a foreign state remains for them. However, to notify the FMS on the second citizenship are obliged to those persons who are constantly abroad, and in Russia they remain a permanent registration.

Notification Served:

• Adult Russian. A sample of FMS notification on second citizenship can be.
• One of the parents of Russian who has not reached the age of majority. .
  

It is allowed to fill the form in electronic form. At the same time, it is necessary to make records in all graph graphs. The notification is applied:

1. Copies of passports of a foreign state and the Russian Federation, a document on obtaining a residence permit;
2. A copy of the birth certificate and confirmation of the presence of Russian citizenship, if the application is filed by a representative of a minor;

All copies are submitted without notarization.

Thus, the Russians who are constantly outside of Russia are exempt from filing notifications until their entry into the Russian Federation. Also from the obligation to file data in the FMS liberated by citizens of Russia, having Tajik or Turkmen passport. The inhabitants of the Crimea receive a delay: in this region the law will begin to act since the beginning of 2016. The most complete information can be obtained on the official website of the FMS: www.fms.gov.ru.

Citizen of the Russian Federation, who received a foreign passport owes within 60 days From the moment of the onset of this fact, notify the FMS, providing the necessary documentation and fill in the application form. You can only appoint information in Russia, it is not provided for carrying out this procedure.

As a confirmation of the filing of the notification, the FMS inspector issues a tearless part of the form, which puts printing and its own signature. When sending via mail, an employee of the post office puts on the notification.

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