World Labor Migration

A person, in its development and desire, never stands still and tries to find the most convenient, favorable and favorable conditions of existence. It goes along the path of maximum use of its potential and optimal employment. Together with the informational and financial exchange of experience, the leaders of many countries encourage such a concept as labor migration. World cooperation and cooperation can both have a positive and adversely affect the well-being of a particular state. For the first time, voluntary and large-scale relocation of labor resources was noted in the early 19th century.

The largest movement of migrants is marked after 1945. People who have passed through deprivation and troubles began to intensively restore life, look for different options, how to earn and dignify. States with a successfully developing economy seemed incredibly attractive for foreigners from around the world. Some of them were a targeted policy on migrant agitation and providing special working conditions for them.

World work migration practices

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It should be noted that the international migration of labor resources is a very difficult and confusing issue in which it is difficult to understand on their own. Therefore, for clarification of aspects of interest, it is better to apply to experts or experienced lawyers who understand this field of legislation. Professional will tell, what are the nuances, positive and negative sides of the move, and will also advise the most optimal directions of employment.

In the post-war, European powers faced problems in the economy and welfare of citizens. Destruction and devastation did not instill optimism in people who did not believe in a bright future in their homeland. Along with this, on the background of the West decline, capitalist America acutely needed the influx of fresh labor. The United States was the first power that adopted Soviet and European labor resources.

And to date, international labor migration in America is a major factor in a serious influx of the population. Since there are many happiness applicants, the United States had to take a number of events at the state level, excluding the illegal stay of the immigrants on its territory. It is noteworthy that an incredibly serious problem for Americans is the illegal crossing of the borders by the residents of Mexico.

No less international migration of labor resources is observed in advanced Canada. It concentrates the largest and cohesive diaspora in the world. We focus on the fact that citizens of Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Russia and other countries that are eased earlier in the CIS, living here for many years and supporting national cultural historical traditions, are trying to assist newly arrived immigrants.

The labor migration of Canada can conditionally be divided into two categories, including educated and highly qualified workers who have a rare and demanded profession, as well as representatives of the low-paid profession. No less popular destination for Russians is New Zealand and Australia.

These powers conducted a rigid policy and government regulation of migration, which made it possible to attract Europeans to their land, while solving demographic problems. They are considered the founders of labor resettlement, the purpose of which was the stabilization of socio-economic relations.

Not so long ago, another direction appeared, where international labor migration reoriented. Many Western European powers, especially those that entered into the EU, brought their own economy to a new level, raised the quality and level of social obligations. Similar changes became lactium paper for migrants from our country and states, members of the CIS.

Causes of labor migration

This phenomenon never arises without a reason. In many cases, moving and rationale for permanent applicants are carried out by individual reasons. You can highlight the main reasons for migration, among which we note:

• Political, countries forcing citizens of the country to leave their homeland and leave abroad because of their national, professional, religious, political and other views on life. Many of them become victims of persecution, repression and comprehensive persecution. The output is found in moving to another state where the freedom is more valued;
• Economic, manifested in unemployment and increasing inflation. People begins to disturb the endless increase in prices and deterioration in the quality of life. The decline of labor and poverty leads to the impossibility of elementary to feed themselves and their family. Labor migration for residents of Belarus, Ukraine, Russia and a number of other countries is becoming the only option for possible and profitable employment;
• Environmental factors when the state of the environment begins to deteriorate rapidly. It is about the emergence of man-made disasters, climate change, the unfortunate region of the region. People face the choice, suffer in their homeland, or try happiness abroad;
• Military, in which terrorist acts, armed clashes, incessant attacks make the life of the civilian population, exposing their constant danger. In wartime, the possibility of making money disappears, since most of the working-age population becomes parties to the conflict. The decline of the economic component, the incorrect state regulation in this matter, forces the population to find new ways and the possibility of existence.

Definitely answer the question of what causes the migration of labor, as it will overcome - does not exist. You can say only one thing, each applicant is trying to secure himself, his family and find a worthy job. Find a more suitable solution than to leave abroad, it does not work. Given this, states who need professional employees provide guarantees, favorable conditions for arrival and serious perspectives.

Options for labor migration

There are different types of labor migration, depending on the reasons and the nature of the move. Governments of a number of developed and prosperous countries in economically, a package of decisions, allowing to streamline and monitor the flow of foreign citizens. The selected migration method depends on the type of measures taken. It can be simplified and complicated. We highlight the main:

• The temporary on which migrants are employed under the contract work throughout the designated period of time, but not more than 5 years. At the end of the specified period, the applicant will have to either return home, or to carry out the prolongation of the employment contract;
• Irretrievable way, when foreigners come not just for earnings, but claim to receive permanent residence;
• The pendulum, where the bulk of the workforce comes from the border areas, while people have every day, at least twice a day, cross the border. It can be both entrepreneurial activities and hired work;
• Periodic type, considered the most common in the agricultural industry, services and other areas related to seasonal employment. Often there is an agreement for a while from 1 month to 1 year;
• An illegal version, expressed in the illegal stay on the territory of another country, after arriving in a tourist ticket or to visit relatives. Many leading countries of the world conduct state regulation of the specified process, designed to eradicate and prevent the emergence of illegal labor resources.

Often, international labor migration concerns representatives of the intelligentsia, highly qualified personnel, valuable employees, scientific and creative figures. In Russia, as nor in one other country, the labor of engineers, actors, writers, scientists, directories, teachers, physicians and other specialists is practically impassable. The beginning of the mass departure of such citizens from our country began since 2000.

Currently, the international migration of labor resources is characterized by a classic scenario. Together with him, Asian and African states are increasingly be enacted in highly qualified workers from other countries. They go to all, including official employment, social package, other favorable conditions in order to interest foreigners and tie them to the workplace.

Labor migration in Russia, as in a number of other powers, is a complex, confusing bureaucratic process, where without relevant training and experience will not work out. It is worth understanding that those who are working on labor, while on a business trip, cannot be considered migrants. Usually, state regulation of the flow of people crossing the border allows you to avoid illegal stay in the country. We highlight the main categories of migrants:

• Frames with low qualifications issued to work on a seasonal contract that have no promising specialization. They are employed on a short period of time not in their own profile;
• Specialists who have high potential, knowledge that failed to implement and involve at home. In search of large prospects and self-realization, they rush to countries where there is a demand for their services. In the Russian Federation there is a constant leakage of valuable personnel, with which, unfortunately, state regulation cannot cope;
• Migrants entering someone else's country in order to obtain permanent residence. For them, international labor migration is a chance to participate in various programs and labor schemes. Persons who stay abroad are also falling under this category for the purpose of family reunification;
• Refugees that cannot be considered full migrants and labor labor. They leave their homeland not for the purpose of employment, but by the desire to leave the troubled areas and the zones of hostilities. In a new place, they have to look for options for earning and normal existence;
• Illegal migrants who create maximum problems with successful states, despite the effective regulation of the process at the highest level and severe recovery from the identified violators. Illegal immigrants are ready to perform any conditions to remain on the desired territory, while agreeing to work for a penny.

It is objectively to answer the question whether the international migration of labor resources in the world needs, and what the experts are hampered and today. Some insist that there are more harm and trouble with immigrants, since they are competitors for the local population in the labor market. Others believe that without a cheap and qualified workforce of foreign origin, it is impossible to ensure proper regulation of a particular industry.

State and its role in migration

In the time of the USSR, international labor migration, as such, did not affect the life of the superpower. You could only go beyond the country only in forced order, and even that, by military or political reasons. The relative freedom in this regard began after the collapse of the Union, when the rapid outflow of the working-age population from Russia was observed. In return, migrants from neighboring Satellites, seeking to find freedom, security, confidence in tomorrow, arrived in the Russian Federation. For this reason, the government of the country adopted a number of laws, amendments to the settlement of the movement of citizens and created a unified migration service, the responsibility of which the control of this sphere was applied.

In modern Russia, for registering foreigners, the registration of their registration and employment is monitored by the UFMS. Local executive authorities are actively working with this service. It is important to understand that the Russian Federation is not interested in attracting foreigners to its territory, but to redistribute the population to increase the number of inhabitants in airless items, mainly the eastern and northern regions of the country.

The relevant program was launched in 2006. In it, many of our compatriots who have Russian roots, who know the National Language and Tradition, are able to receive citizenship of the Russian Federation on favorable terms. Candidates are given certain rights, additional quotas for RVP, support at the state level, assistance in arranging and providing housing.

Russia is interested exclusively in the internal migration, which allows to preserve the personnel and redistribute them, according to the needs of the state. On the one hand, it is possible to preserve the valuable employees, and with another law, it allows people to leave the village and leave to large regional centers and the capital. This negatively affects the overpopulation of large cities, while the northern and eastern areas remain on the verge of survival and disappearance. Trying to influence this situation, the authorities stimulate the relocation of young professionals in the problematic subjects of the Russian Federation, providing in return for good material support.