Who admits a stateless person in the Russian Federation?

Citizenship is one of the most important characteristics of a person. It determines, a resident of which country is a person, as well as gives a citizen a lot of rights when staying in the country, whose citizen he is. Citizenship of the Russian Federation is no different from any other - who have the status of a citizen, residents of the Russian Federation have the right to accommodation, work, helping assistance in civil services and much more.

However, not everyone who lives in Russia has citizenship. These are either subjects of foreign states living in the Russian Federation, or apatrial - stateless persons. The status of Apadrid is very interesting from a legal point of view, since it simultaneously gives some rights, and strongly limits a person. In this article, we will tell you how to face without citizenship to issue all the necessary documents and become a full-fledged citizen of the Russian Federation.

Not every person who does not have the status of a citizen of the Russian Federation is recognized as a person without citizenship. So, who, who did not have citizenship, who arrived because of the borders of a foreign national state in the Russian Federation, have the status of a "foreign citizen", which gives both some rights and obligations. It is also not recognized by a person without citizenship, a person who fled from his homeland for any reason - in Russia such a person can use some special advantages.

Thus, a person without citizenship is an individual, which, due to any circumstances, has no citizenship at all. There are five categories of stateless persons in total:

1. Not yet time to receive citizenship. The very born child in fact will not be a citizen until his citizenship is confirmed by its first document - a birth certificate. However, due to the fact that the evidence is drawn up almost immediately, the newborn is considered a person a stateless hours. It is quite another thing if his parents are also considered stateless persons. In this case, the child will receive citizenship after making a birth certificate;
2. Refusing citizenship. The procedure for refusal from citizenship is very common when moving to another country. If the legislation does not allow to have double citizenship, then the serving person will have to pass all his documents and thus get the status of a "stateless person", which will allow him to freely move to another country;
3. Forcedly devoid of citizenship. A very rare category of people whom the state has deprived the status for one or another reasonable reason. As a rule, such citizens are almost immediately deported from the country, and they will no longer be restored;
4. Foreigners devoid of citizenship due to any violations. Violations that may entail deprivation of citizenship may be considered the provision of fake documents, a fictitious marriage with a citizen of the Russian Federation, errors when filling out applications and so on. As proper, this kind of deprivation of citizenship can be appealed in court;
5. Persons who have lost citizenship as a result of the country's disappearance. Oddly enough, there are many such people. For example, a huge number of people lost citizenship with the disappearance of the USSR. Now such individuals are not particularly much, and they can get citizenship in a simplified manner.

As mentioned earlier, the status of a "stateless person" has some features that distinguish it from refugees, foreigners or citizens of the Russian Federation. However, a stateless person has all the most basic rights that the Constitution provides. That is, he can seek medical help, write statements to law enforcement agencies and much more.

Problems associated with the lack of citizenship begin primarily in everyday life. So, stateless persons cannot occupy some positions imposing a certain responsibility or official duties on humans. Also, stateless persons may face a problem with official employment, since the employer requires a package of documents that does not have human citizenship simply. For the same reason, the Apadrid may have difficulty in a child's device or kindergarten.

The responsibilities of Apadrid are especially no different from the obligations of an ordinary citizen - it is also obliged to pay taxes, comply with the current legislation. Additional duties are imposed on a person without citizenship in the event that he will decide to become a citizen of the Russian Federation. They will depend on how exactly a person receives citizenship.

Obtaining citizenship Apatrida

If a person decided without citizenship, he will need to pass a very difficult procedure consisting of four steps:

1. Identification of an individual;
2. Registration of temporary residence permit;
3. Registration of a residence permit;
4. Obtaining a citizen status.

It is important

The procedure for obtaining citizenship is worth a strict order and at the very first difficulties to contact the specialists from the FMS (special if you do not have enough papers). If the FMS could not help you, contact a lawyer for citizenship for free consultation.

The procedure for obtaining citizenship begins with a very important step - identification of personality. This procedure implies submission of documents that are an identity card. It can be any foreign documents, a birth certificate, an old invalid passport.

However, such documents from the applicant are not always. In this case, Apadrid will need the help of the FMS. The methods of identification identity are very diverse - from examination of fingerprints to a request to foreign states to provide copies of documents.

The procedure itself passes as follows:

1. The stateless person submits the minimum package of documents to the FMS department: ID card, registration document, detailed biography, payment receipt;
2. FMS employee conducts a survey and fills the necessary questionnaires;
3. All collected information is checked. The check itself is sufficiently long, as you have to do a lot of requests. At the same time, its deadlines can be stretched due to the fact that a person without citizenship can call the FMS department for additional consultations. However, the test term cannot exceed three months;
4. A stateless person is issued a document that is a temporary substitute for a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation.

Getting RVP.

The issuance of an identity card that is a substitute for a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation is the first step to start issuing citizenship. As soon as this document appears in stateless person, it may begin to issue a temporary residence permit. To do this, he must contact the federal migration service at the place of arrival.

Get a RVP for a person without citizenship, which made a temporary replacement of the passport, will simply be enough, as all documents will already be in his arms. To design permission for accommodation will also need to be provided:

• Medical certificate about the absence of HIV;
• Two photos 3 to 4 (which in most cases can be done directly in the FMS department;
• A document confirming the right of a citizen on the territory of the Russian Federation;
• Receipt of payment of duty ( 1600 rubles).

Documents will be obtained, verified and, if no problems are detected, Apadrid will receive a temporary residence permit. It imposes to the received one important duty - it is required to extend every year. Otherwise, it will be canceled, and a stateless person is deported. At the same time, the individual received an individual receives an opportunity for official employment in the region where it issued RVP.

Obtaining amenities

As soon as a person without citizenship lives on RVP one year, he has the full right to. This is an analogue of RVP, which gives all the same rights. However, it does not need to be issued every year. At the same time, the presence of a residence permit is a prerequisite for obtaining a passport in the future. Therefore, it should be drawn at the first opportunity.

The procedure for obtaining a residence permit is significantly different from obtaining RVP. At least, the documents and the method of their filing will not be very different from documents for RVP, who wants to get a residence permit will need to pass the exam for knowledge of Russian. It includes a written part and oral, and takes place in three stages. After passing the exam and verification of documents, a stateless person can get a residence permit.

Receiving citizenship

Final stage - obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation. To obtain the status of a citizen, you will need to fulfill the following conditions:

• The applicant for citizenship should have official income;
• The applicant for citizenship should be issued a residence permit;
• Citizenship's applicant must speak freely and write in Russian;
• The applicant for citizenship should live in Russia for five years.

If all conditions are completed, then you can get to obtain citizenship. To begin with, you will need to assemble and submit the following documents:

• Photos on the passport of the standard sample, 4 pieces;
• Copies of all existing RVP and a residence permit (Requires a notary);
• Birth certificate;
• Document on the presence of education;
• Medical certificate of absence of HIV;
• A document confirming the fact of ownership of the Russian language (certificate of providing state test);
• Receipt of payment of duty ( 3500 rubles).

After that, the procedure for checking all these documents begins. It is worth warning that it is very long - its maximum limit is one year. However, after all documents are obtained, Apadrid receives a passport and becomes a full-fledged citizen of the Russian Federation.

When can I get citizenship for a simplified scheme?

There are three types of stateless persons having. It:

• Officially recognized carriers of the Russian language;
• Citizens who were trained in the USSR;
• Citizens of the former USSR;
• Persons in marriage with citizens of the Russian Federation for more than three years;
• Persons having close relatives who have citizenship in the territory of the Russian Federation.

For such citizens, there will be no residence in Russia for more than five years - it will be enough for six months. In this case, only RVP may be required, a document confirming your right to simplified citizenship, as well as confirmation that you own the Russian language. However, you will also need to pay all the necessary government duties and provide the necessary certificates.

Pay attention to the fact that citizens of these categories are tested for documents for obtaining citizenship in accelerated mode - they will be able to receive their passport already in 3 - 6 months.

Alexander Eremeev

The experience of the lawyer has since 2005. He graduated from the Moscow State Open University with a Red Diploma. Private practice, specialization - migration and civil law.