The best people of the Republic of Tyva. Tuvinians: throat singing, sumo and salty tea D. I. Mendeleev

X omushku Churguy-ool Namgaevich - driver of the T-34 tank of the 25th separate tank regiment of the 52nd Army of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, junior lieutenant.

Born on May 18, 1918 in the village of Khondelen, now the Barun-Khemchik kozhuun of the Republic of Tyva, in a peasant family. Tuvan. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1944. He graduated from the 6th grade, worked as a cattle breeder on a collective farm. In 1936-1938 he served in the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Army.

In June 1941, the Tuva People's Republic entered the war on the side of the USSR. In May 1943, the first group of volunteers, citizens of the republic, went to the front. Among the 11 Tuvan tank volunteers was junior lieutenant Khomushku Churguy-ool. In the training regiment in the city of Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod), Tuvan tankers were trained and in early February 1944 were enrolled in the 25th separate tank regiment.

In March 1944, the regiment took part in the Bug-Dniester offensive operation. In these battles, junior lieutenant Khomushku especially distinguished himself.

On March 5, 1944, when breaking through the enemy defenses near the villages of Ryzhanovka, Kobylyaki (Kiev region), a tank, in whose crew Khomushku Churguy-ool was a driver, broke into the enemy’s location at top speed. With fire and caterpillars, tankers destroyed firing points and manpower. Within two hours, along with his crew, Khomushka destroyed 35 Nazis, three anti-tank guns, seven machine guns, and two mortars. When the tank commander was wounded, the driver took command of the combat vehicle.

A few days later, near Uman, three tanks, among which was the car Khomushka Churguy-ool, captured 24 aircraft, 80 vehicles, captured up to a hundred Nazis and opened the way for a further offensive.

On March 13, while crossing the Southern Bug River, the brave tankman again distinguished himself. The award sheet noted: "... On March 13, 1944, when crossing the Southern Bug River, Junior Lieutenant Khomushku Churguy-ool quickly drove his car under water to the western bank of the river and immediately led the tank into battle to repel the enemy counterattack, pursued infantry for 6 km the enemy, destroying 25 enemy soldiers, 2 light machine guns, 1 mortar with the caterpillars of the tank. The tank of junior lieutenant Khomushka Churguy-ool from March 5 to March 18, 1944 was continuously in battle, without having a single case of forced stops ... ". On March 25, 1944, the tanker was presented to the heroic rank.

At By order of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on March 24, 1945, for the exemplary performance of command assignments and the courage and heroism shown in battles with the Nazi invaders, the junior lieutenant was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (N 7008).

Khomushku Churgui-ool became the first Tuvan - Hero of the Soviet Union and the only one awarded this title during the Great Patriotic War.

As part of the 25th Tank Regiment, the brave tanker liberated Moldova, fought in Romania and Hungary, met Victory Day in Czechoslovakia.

Since 1948, Lieutenant Khomushka has been in reserve. He returned to his native Tuva. Lived and worked in the village of Bert-Dag, Tes-Khem district. Died July 10, 1978.

He was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree, and medals.

One of the streets of the Tuvan capital, the city of Kyzyl, is named after the Hero. A bust is erected at the entrance to the National Park on the Alley of Heroes.

By decision of the Government of the Republic of Tyva, in commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, the aircraft Yak-42D with tail number RA 42429 of the Inter-Avia airline was named after the Hero of the Soviet Union, Tuvan volunteer soldier Khomushka Churgui-ool Namgayevich.

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The Republic of Tuva or Tyva is a subject of the Russian Federation. Tuva is located on the border with Mongolia, has a total area of ​​​​168 thousand km², on which mountains and intermountain pits are located. At the same time, about 80% of the territory is mountain ranges. The region is one of the poorest in Russia, but nevertheless there are wealthy people among the population. The richest people in Tuva are not as famous as the millionaires of Russia, Europe or the rich in the USA. But this does not prevent them from year to year competently improve their financial condition.

The facts about the well-being of the Republic are not rosy:

in terms of unemployment in the country, Tuva ranks second;

the average salary of the inhabitants of the Republic in relation to the minimum basket of consumer goods is 1.11.

And this despite the fact that Tuva is a region rich in natural resources. On the territory of the Republic there are the richest deposits of coking coal, a lot of copper and nickel, cobalt and uranium. Thanks to the stunning nature, there are all the prerequisites for the development of tourism. Only the entire industry of this region is in a very deplorable state, and the tourist market does not even try to attract the attention of potential visitors. But there are industries that allow some residents of the region to receive a good income.

Irgit Sholban-ool Sovetovich is currently the Deputy Prime Minister in the Republic. Before receiving a responsible post, he changed many positions. Several years after receiving higher education, Irgit worked at the Kyzyl poultry farm, served as deputy director. Then he moved to the position of director of Pluton LLC. After that, he also worked as the executive director of APK Uryankhai LLC.

Since 2007, Sholban-ool Sovetovich has been active in politics. This is the year of his election as a deputy of the people's council, after which his career growth to the Deputy Prime Minister was noted. The deputy receives the main income from entrepreneurial activity.

Nevolin Anatoly Afanasyevich is currently the chairman of the world's largest artel of miners. Nevolin did not come into gold mining right away, before that he worked for about 10 years as an editor in the media. He came to the Tuvan village for the sake of his own book about gold diggers. Nevolin's work book has many points:

• foreman,

  Shift Supervisor,

  artel chairman.

Anatoly Afanasyevich takes his work very seriously. Therefore, from the moment he realized that he was interested in gold mining more than just for writing a book, he received the necessary education. During his studies, Nevolin realized that gold mining in Tuva was a century behind modern methods. But he did not give up, but began to gradually innovate, improving the level of gold mining in the region, improving its methods and changing the attitude towards workers. And if in the 80s of the last century, the Oina artel panned about 20 kilograms of valuable metal, now it occupies a leading position among the leaders in gold mining in the Russian Federation. Over the years of Nevolin's leadership, the staff has grown from 9 to 700 employees. Workers are offered comfortable housing, and some are even paid for tuition at specialized universities.

Anatoly Afanasyevich was also a member of the Great Khural of the Republic of Tuva. But his condition is the result of painstaking work in the Oina artel.

Sholban Valeryevich Kara-ool holds the post of head of the Republic of Tyvas 2007. He graduated from the Ural State University, has a specialty "philosopher-political scientist", and also studied at the full-time postgraduate department of the Ural State University. Prior to his political career, he taught at DSU.

He was elected a deputy in 1998, after which Sholban Valeryevich firmly consolidated his position in politics. Since 2007, he has been the Chairman of the Republic of Tyva, and since 2012 he has been re-elected to this post. The head resigns, in 2016, but is currently the acting Head of the Republic until a new candidate emerges.

The wife of the Head of the Republic is the general director of Dokar LLC, which brings a good income to the family.

Sergei Konviz

Sergey Konviz is a well-known person in Tuva, who can also claim a prominent place in the list of the richest people in Tuva. Konviz is the publisher of the newspaper "Risk". In past years, he was active in politics, but now he is better known for scandalous antics and sharp articles. Conviz is not afraid to express his position on the pages of the newspaper.

In addition to the newspaper, Konviz owns a gas station, has a car dealership and a small but successful cafe. Entrepreneurial activity allows Sergey Semenovich to successfully stay afloat.

Deputy and Chairman of the Legislative Chamber of the Supreme Khural, before that he was the Chairman of the Lower Chamber of the Great Khural of the Republic of Tuva. Until 1993, Oyun Vasily was a livestock specialist, but then he decided to actively build a political career.

The list of the richest people in Tuva includes not so much Oyun Vasily Mailovich himself, but his wife Chechen. At the moment, she is the head of a peasant farm, where there are at least 3,000 head of cattle.

Robert Dorzhu, from Kyzyl, became a “star of small business” a few years ago. And in fact, this person today has a chain of grocery stores, several department stores and cafes. Dorju also owns a gas station and has its own furniture production. Today, he can hardly be called a small entrepreneur, but a successful businessman is easily called.

Today, Robert Dermeevich is a deputy, and also holds the post of President of the Judo Federation and Head of the Chamber of Craftsmen of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Viktor Nikolaevich is a well-known political figure in the Republic of Tuva and a successful business. Before being included in the list of wealthy people in Tuva, he went from an ordinary foreman to the chief engineer of a construction company. At the moment, he has his own business and is a deputy of the Kyzyl city Khural. Previously, he served as the Head of Kyzyl.

Tunev receives his main income from commercial real estate, which is his property, from the work of the Novy Vek television company and the store.

Deputy of the Supreme Khural of the Republic of Tatarstan Yury Afanasyevich Tykheev is a co-owner of TYVAAGROSNAB OJSC, thanks to which he receives the main income.

Viktor Vasilyevich Uyusov has a prominent place in the list of the richest people in Tuva. He is the CEO of a large company "Vostok". The construction company includes three asphalt concrete plants, a huge fleet of vehicles and mechanisms, and therefore pleases with excellent production capacities and, accordingly, high incomes.

Vladimir Alexandrovich Falaleev holds the post of First Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Tyva. She got into the rating due to the fact that she is a co-owner of Vodokanal LLC.

Eres Kyrgysovich Chuldum is currently the Minister of Land and Property Relations of the Republic of Tatarstan. He received his first significant income from the activities of his own stores, which offered household appliances, food, building materials and carried out the supply of goods within the Republic. At the moment, Chuldum owns a whole chain of stores.

Margarita Mikhailovna, a beloved and loving wife, who is the founder of shops, has always been an excellent assistant to Eres Kyrgysovich. At the moment, he also successfully conducts his political activities, being a deputy of the Supreme Khural of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Ivan Ivanovich Shirokikh lived and worked in Verkhoturye at the Theological Plants. Married to Vera Nikolaevna Naumova, daughter of the populist writer Nikolai Ivanovich Naumov. Father I.I. Shirokikh, also Ivan Ivanovich Shirokikh, was also an engineer. Mother Lydia Kapitonovna Shadrina.

Alexander Stepanovich Popov was born on March 4, 1859 (March 16, 1859) in the Urals in the village of Turinskiye Rudniki, Verkhotursky district, Perm province. In the family of his father, a local priest, besides Alexander, there were 6 more children. They lived more than modestly. At the age of 10, Alexander Popov was sent to the Dalmatov Theological School, where he studied from 1869 to 1871. In 1871, Alexander Popov transferred to the Yekaterinburg Theological School. At that time, his elder sister Maria Stepanovna, by her husband Levitskaya, lived with her family in Yekaterinburg.
In 1873 he transferred to the Perm Theological Seminary. After graduating from the general education classes of the Perm Theological Seminary (1877), Alexander successfully passed the entrance exams to the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of St. Petersburg University. The years of study at the university were not easy for Popov. There were not enough funds, and he was forced to earn extra money as an electrician in the Electrician office. During these years, Popov's scientific views were finally formed: he was especially attracted by the problems of the latest physics and electrical engineering.
Having successfully graduated from the university in 1882, A. S. Popov received an invitation to stay there to prepare for a professorship in the department of physics. In 1882 he defended his dissertation on the topic "On the principles of magneto- and dynamoelectric DC machines." But the young scientist was more attracted to experimental research in the field of electricity, and he became a teacher of physics, mathematics and electrical engineering at the Mine Officer Class in Kronstadt, where there was a well-equipped physics room. In 1890 he received an invitation to teach physics at the Technical School of the Naval Department in Kronstadt. At the same time in 1889-1898. in the summer, he was in charge of the main power plant of the Nizhny Novgorod Fair. During this period, Popov devotes all his free time to physical experiments, mainly to the study of electromagnetic oscillations.
Since 1901, Popov has been a professor of physics at the Electrotechnical Institute of Emperor Alexander III. Popov was an Honorary Electrical Engineer (1899) and an honorary member of the Russian Technical Society (1901).
In 1905, the academic council of the institute elected A. S. Popov as rector.
He died suddenly on December 31, 1905 (January 13, 1906). He was buried at the Volkovskoye cemetery in St. Petersburg.

Born in the Turin mines in the family of a mining engineer. After the death of his father in 1857-1866, he studied in St. Petersburg at the Mining Cadet Corps (by the end of his studies at the Mining Institute), later he was a professor of geology there.

After graduation, he worked in the Urals for two years.

In 1886 he was elected a member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences.

From 1899 to 1936 - President of the Mineralogical Society of Russia. Published works on paleontology, stratigraphy and tectonics, petrography, geology and minerals of the Urals. Helicoprion was first described in 1899.

The urn with the ashes of A.P. Karpinsky rests in the Kremlin wall. Academician Karpinsky is the oldest (by date of birth) of those buried in this necropolis.

Evgraf Stepanovich Fedorov (December 10 (22), 1853, Orenburg - May 21, 1919, Petrograd) - Russian crystallographer, mineralogist and mathematician. Brother of the engineer and inventor Yevgeny Stepanovich Fedorov.

The greatest achievement of E. S. Fedorov is the rigorous derivation of all possible space groups (1891). In this way, Fedorov described the symmetries of the entire variety of crystal structures. At the same time, he actually solved the problem of possible symmetrical figures known since antiquity. In a sense, Fedorov completed the construction of the edifice of classical crystallography. The significance of Fedorov's discovery can be illustrated by the fact that all the crystal structures studied before the 1980s fit into the 230 space groups discovered by him, and only in 1982 were new types of structures discovered that did not fit into classical crystallography.

In addition, Evgraf Stepanovich created a universal device for crystal-optical measurements - the Fedorov table.

Among the students of Fedorov, it should be noted: D.N. Artemyeva, A.K. Boldyrev

The February and October revolutions of 1917 made a deep impression on Fedorov. He believed in a bright future for Russia and Russian science, and associated the brightest hopes and dreams with the changes that had taken place in society. In 1919, he was elected a full member of the renewed Russian Academy of Sciences... But life in revolutionary Petrograd was hard, there was not enough food and warmth. In February 1919, Fedorov fell ill with pneumonia, and on May 21 he died.

Since 1920, meetings of the Fedorov Institute, organized at the Leningrad State Institute on the initiative of prof. A. K. Boldyreva. Since 1944, the conferences have been called "Fedorov sessions" and are held annually. In 1953, 1969, 1991, 1999 and 2003 The Fedorov sessions were of an international character. The history of the Fedorov sessions is described in detail in the article by I. I. Shafranovsky "The Fedorov Department of Crystallography, the Fedorov Institute and the Fedorov Sessions" (in the book "E. S. Fedorov. Essays, memoirs of contemporaries, materials. Proceedings of the St. Petersburg Society of Naturalists, ser. 1, vol. 93., St. Petersburg, 1999, pp. 125-132).

Born (March 20, 1910 - May 11, 1939) in the village of Vorontsovka in the Urals (later the Krasnoturinsky City Council of the Sverdlovsk Region) in the family of Serov Konstantin Terentyevich and Serova Lyubov Frolovna. In June 1930 he graduated from the Volsk military-theoretical school of pilots and was transferred to the 2nd school of military pilots and pilots in the city of Orenburg. On December 17, 1931 he graduated from the 2nd school of military pilots and pilots in the 1st category. In August 1935 he entered the Air Force Academy. Zhukovsky.

The first husband of the famous Soviet film actress Valentina Serova (Polovikova).

Participated since 1937 (senior lieutenant) in the Spanish Civil War under the pseudonym "Rodrigo Mateo". March 2, 1938 Colonel Serov was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

In May 1938 he was appointed head of the Main Flight Inspectorate of the Air Force. On May 11, 1939, the brigade commander died in a plane crash during advanced training courses for commanding staff - mastering "blind" flights along with Polina Osipenko.

The ashes of Serov and Osipenko are placed in urns in the Kremlin wall on Red Square in Moscow.

In honor of Anatoly Serov, the city of Serov (Nadezhdinsk) in the Urals is named, where in his youth he lived and studied at the FZU school at the metallurgical plant. In Omsk, in the Leninsky District, a square is named after Serov.

(April 20 (May 3), 1917, the village of Zolotukhi, now the Orzhitsky district of the Poltava region (Ukraine) - September 14, 2001, Krasnoturinsk, Sverdlovsk region, Russia) - squad leader of the 255th separate engineer battalion (186th rifle division, 65 1st Army, 1st Belorussian Front), senior sergeant.

Born into a peasant family. Ukrainian. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1943. Since 1932 he lived in the Sverdlovsk region. Primary education. He worked at Uralvagonzavod and in the Sotrinsk mechanized forest center.

Member of the Great Patriotic War. He fought on the Kalinin, Bryansk, 2nd Belorussian fronts. He was a squad leader and assistant platoon commander of the 255th separate sapper battalion of the 186th Rifle Brest Red Banner Division. Was injured.

On September 5-8, 1944, the squad leader, senior sergeant Petrik, transported infantry, artillery and mortar units with weapons and ammunition on rafts across the Narew River near the village of Lachy (north of the city of Serock, Poland), which contributed to the success of the battles for the bridgehead.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to Afanasy Filippovich Petrik on March 24, 1945.

After the war, he lived in the city of Krasnoturinsk, Sverdlovsk Region. He worked as an evaporator at the Bogoslovsky aluminum plant. Died September 14, 2001.

Awards

• Hero of the Soviet Union (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 24, 1945, the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star Medal) - for courage and bravery shown during the crossing of the Narew River.
• Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class (1985)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1961)
• 2 Orders of the Red Star (1944), (1944)
• Order of Glory 3rd class (1943)
• Medal of Honor"
• Medal "In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (1970)
• Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1945)
• Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1965)
• Jubilee Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945" (1975)
• Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" (1945)
• Jubilee medal "50 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1967)
• Jubilee medal "60 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1978)
• Jubilee medal "70 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1988)
• Zhukov Medal (1994)
• Jubilee Medal "50 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" (1995)
• foreign medal.
• Honorary Metallurgist (1966)
• Honorary citizen of the city of Krasnoturinsk (1967)

Born on November 14, 1914 in the village of Istok (now Troitskoye) in the Kamensky district of the Sverdlovsk region in a peasant family. Russian. He studied at construction courses in the city of Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg). After completing the course, he worked as a foreman at the construction of the Yuzhno-Zaozersky mine in the village of Turinskiye mines (now the city of Krasnoturinsk), and then in the motor transport workshop of the mine.

He served in the Red Army from 1936 to 1939 and from July 1941. Participated in battles with Japanese militarists near Lake Khasan in 1938.

In the battles of the Great Patriotic War since February 1943. He was the commander of the artillery crew of the anti-tank gun battalion. He fought on the North-Western, Steppe, 2nd Ukrainian fronts. Member of the CPSU since 1943.

Participated:

In the battles to eliminate the Demyansk "cauldron", in the battles in the area of ​​​​the Lovat River and the city of Staraya Russa, in the crossing of the Dnieper, in the liberation of the city of Pyatikhatka and the battles for Krivoy Rog and Kirovograd - in 1943; - in the Korsun-Shevchenkovsky and Uman-Botosha operations, including forcing the Dniester River and holding a bridgehead near the city of Orhei, in the Iasi-Chisinau operation, the liberation of Romania, including Bucharest, the region of the Southern Carpathians and the city of Timisoara, in battles on the territory Hungary and the liberation of the city of Kartsag - in 1944. At the end of January 1944, he was wounded on the Rotten Tikich River during the Korsun-Shevchenko operation.

On October 11, 1944, in the battle for the city of Kartsag (Hungary), the commander of the gun of the guard, foreman Meshcheryagin, went behind enemy lines together with rifle units and participated in the capture of the central part of the city. When repelling enemy counterattacks, he destroyed 3 tanks and an armored personnel carrier. He was wounded in battle, but, remaining one of the calculation, he continued to fire, holding the captured position. Died in this battle.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 24, 1945, for the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command on the front of the struggle against the Nazi invaders and the courage and heroism of the guards foreman Mikhail Nikolaevich Meshcheryagin, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

He was buried in a mass grave in the city of Kartsag on the central square.

August Genrikhovich Kruse

August Genrikhovich Kruse (born July 27, 1941 in the village of Straub (now Skatovka), Saratov Region) is the Archbishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Central Asia.

A month after his birth, the family of August Kruse - mother, grandmother and older brother - was deported to the small town of Kortuz in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. In 1949, a decree was issued, according to which the deported Germans were allowed to move in with their close relatives for family reunification. Then the family moved to their uncle in the city of Krasnoturinsk, Sverdlovsk region. In the 1950s, his grandmother Augusta Kruse took him and his brother to meetings of the Lutheran community of Krasnoturinsk, which were then held secretly in the homes of believers. All services were held in German. It was only in 1990 that it became possible for all Lutheran communities in the city to openly celebrate Christmas.

After 3 years of service in the army, Kruse got a job at an aluminum plant in Krasnoturinsk, where he worked for 28 years. August Kruse got married in 1964. He has two adult children - a son and a daughter, five grandchildren and one great-grandchild.

August Kruse was ordained by the then Bishop Nikolaus Schneider (de:Nikolaus Schneider) with all the rights of a pastor. Already in 1993, he became a probst in the Urals and a representative of the bishop.

In 2004 he was elected to the post of episcopal visitor. Since 2007 - Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Siberia, the Urals and the Far East.

On September 19, 2009, at the III General Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church (ELKRAS) in the city of St. Petersburg in the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul, he was elected Archbishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Central Asia

Ivanchenko Alexander Lvovich (1945) - writer, member of the Writers' Union of Russia, member of the International PEN Club. Author of novels, short stories, plays, essays. English translator. Born in Krasnoturinsk

Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu arrived in the city of Kyzyl today as part of a working trip to a number of Siberian regions. The head of Tuva, Sholban Kara-ool, took advantage of the fortunate coincidence of a business trip and, in the presence of a huge number of spectators of the Khuresh national wrestling, presented the birthday boy with a high state award. Hero of Russia Sergei Shoigu was the first to be awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the Republic of Tyva" for outstanding services to the Republic of Tuva and personal contribution to its development.

The head of Tuva, Sholban Kara-ool, addressed the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation:

“I know, Sergei Kuzhugetovich, that you do not like eulogies. But Tuva will not understand me if I do not say at least a couple of words about how proud we are of you. I am not exaggerating at all if I say that the name "Shoigu" became the loudest brand in Tuva in Russia and in the world. By this name, everyone now knows that Tuva is not Tula and not abroad. Your name has changed the attitude towards every inhabitant of the republic. Suffice it to say that you are Shoigu's compatriot, and a person immediately becomes his own in any corner of the country. Because all of Russia knows that Shoigu is decency and honor, this is a real masculine character, this is the highest professionalism in everything.

We see it in your work. We saw it in the Victory Parade that shocked the whole world. We verified this by the way changed our army led by you. We, Tuvans, know you for everything you have done and are doing for your native republic. Sports complexes in Kyzyl and Chadan, new swimming pools, temples, large investment projects and construction projects, scientific publications about Tuva - in everything there is a huge share of your support and direct participation, your concern for your fellow countrymen.

To pay tribute to you for your contribution to the development of your native republic is very difficult, I would even say: unrealistic. Probably, the same selfless service to the country and the small homeland, the same self-giving and love for people would be the best gratitude to you. Only in this way, aligning with you, each to the best of our ability, we can bring your main dream closer- to see Tuva prosperous, its people happy and full of dignity.

Nevertheless, Sergey Kuzhugetovich, allow me today, as a sign of great gratitude, to present you with an award on behalf of the whole of Tuva, which you have long and honestly deserved. This title is "Honorary Citizen of the Republic of Tyva". This title has not yet been awarded to any person. You are the first. And I am glad that the history of this award will be opened by your name. The bar is set to the highest! It will be incredibly difficult to look up to you, extremely responsible and very honorable!”

The Khuresh stadium roared loudly and began to chant: Poz-drav-la-em! Po-dra-la-em! Hooray!

The head of Tuva, Sholban Kara-ool, presenting the award, touched his forehead with it and handed it over to Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu.

Sergey Kuzhugetovich expressed his gratitude to all those present:

“Dear countrymen! Firstly, I would like to congratulate you all on a significant date in the history of our state, in the history of great Russia - on the great Victory Day! (The stadium explodes with three cheers!) It is a great honor for me to receive the title of Honorary Citizen of the Republic. These are the merits of many, many generations, workers who worked on this earth and continue to work.

Of course, I am grateful to my teachers, my parents, all of you for the high appreciation of our work and our contribution to the formation of the statehood of the Republic of Tyva.

Great changes have taken place in the republic. This is especially noticeable when you come here not so often, but you come sincerely and from the heart, wanting to see your loved ones, relatives and all of you.

Thank you for this high rating! And of course, I would like to wish the athletes, wonderful wrestlers, worthy representatives of the sports of the republic and not only the republic, but also our country, an honest but uncompromising struggle!”

Mongolian elements are introduced. This pattern is also reflected in proper names. They have long been important for the Tuvans.

History of the origin of names

Modern Tuvan names were borrowed from the Mongols, Russians, Turkic peoples.

More recently, the child was not named immediately, but months, and sometimes years after his birth. Back in the 19th century, the boy received his "male" name at the age of about 10 years or more. Before that, he was simply called "son", "little boy", "baby" and so on.

This tradition originates from the legends and epic tales of the Tuvans, where it is explained that the naming occurs only when a young man gets a horse and becomes a man. So, for example, one of the heroes of epic tales, Khan-Buddai, received a name when he began to go hunting and was able to tame his horse, and the hero of epic tales, Mege Sagaan-Toolai, received his name only before the trip for his bride.

Many Tuvan names are associated with the appearance of the child, his temperament or character. For example, Biche-ool is translated as "little boy", Kara-kys - "black girl", Uzun-ool - "long boy" and so on.

Often, the naming method reflects the strong desire of parents to see this or that trait in the baby, for example, Maadyr is translated as “hero”, Mergen is “wise”.

There are names among the people that were given by the name of a certain object: Despizhek - "trough".

Girls were often named after beautiful birds, plants, animals, for example, Sailykmaa - “titmouse”, Choduraa - “bird cherry”. The most common Tuvan female name is Chechek - "flower".

Sometimes children were named after the name of the area where the family lived, for example, Khemchik-ool (a river flowing into the Yenisei).

Even at the beginning of the 20th century, if children died in the family, then the child was given some kind of “terrible”, “bad” name in order to scare away the evil spirit. Along with a bad nickname, he was also given a worldly “real”, but it was not pronounced until the child grew up and got stronger. At present, this custom has disappeared, but among people of the older generation one can often meet persons with such names and surnames that arose on their basis.

Way of education

All Tuvan names by origin are divided into three groups:

• The first group is primordially national names: Mergen - "wise", Anai "goat", Chechen - "graceful", Belek - "gift", Chechek - "flower", Maadyr - "hero".

Many names are two-syllable, consisting of several components, for example, Belek-Bayyr - "gift and holiday", Aldyn-Kherel - "golden ray".

The most common component of Tuvan names for boys is the word "ool", which translates as "boy", "guy". For example, Aldyn-ool - "golden boy".

• The second group includes those associated with Buddhism, they were modified according to phonetic laws. Tuvans often named children after Buddhist deities, Dolchan, Dolgar, Shogzhal.

Children were also named after sacred Buddhist books, such as Manzyrykchy.

• The third group includes Russian or borrowed from other European languages.

It should be noted that names among Tuvans are used more often than surnames. A person is known by his personal nickname, in addition, until 1947, the surnames were the old names of the tribes.

The formation of surnames and patronymics

In 1947, Tuvans were allowed to take Russian names and surnames, since tribal names that served as surnames were quantitatively limited.

As a result of this process, national Tuvan names became surnames, and Russian borrowed names became given names. For example, Tamara Kuskeldey, Alexander Davaa. This is especially true for the younger and middle generation.

Tuvan surnames do not have certain endings that are typical for Russians.

Patronymics are formed in the following ways:

• Suffixes are added to the father's name: -evich, -ovich for men; -evna, -ram for women. For example, Kyzyl-oolovna, Kyzyl-oolo-vich.
• The father's name is placed in third place without a suffix. For example, Tanova Sofia Sedip, Mongush Alexander Kyzyl-ool.

Unusual men's

According to the prevailing folk tradition, parents called the child strange in order to protect him from danger. He was given an unusual or ugly nickname. For example, Kodur-ool means "lichen". Often a boy was called a woman's name, and a girl was called a man's. Sometimes the children were even given a nickname. It was believed that such methods of naming drove away evil spirits from the child.

List of beautiful Tuvan names:

• Aylan - "nightingale",
• Aykhaan - "lunar khan",
• Aldinkherel - "golden ray",
• Baazan - "Born on Friday",
• Baylak - "wealth",
• Belek - "educated",
• Bourbu - "born on Thursday",
• Maadyr - "hero"
• Mengiot - "mountain glacier"
• Mergen - "marksman",
• Chechen - "graceful",
• Chimit - "immortal".

For women

Among Tuvans, male names are easily converted into female ones, replacing the element “ool” with “kys”, which means “girl”, “girl”, or “urug” - “daughter”, “child”. For example, Aldyn-kys "golden girl", Ak-urug "white child".

One of the characteristic indicators of Tuvan names for girls is the component "maa", this is a Tibetan word that means "mother". For example, Sailykmaa - "titmouse", Chechekmaa - "flower".

List of popular Tuvan female names:

• Azunda - meaning unknown
• Aisuu - "moon water",
• Anai - "goat",
• Karakys - "black girl"
• Olcha - "good luck"
• Saar - "milkmaid",
• Sailykmaa - "titmouse",
• Syldysmaa - "star",
• Heralmaa - "ray",
• Kherel - "beam",
• Chechekmaa - "flower",
• Schenne - "peony"
• Shuru - "beautiful".

Instead of a conclusion

Recently, Tuvans, along with national names for naming children, use borrowed ones from the Russian language.

Modern male names are predominantly Tuvan (of Turkic origin), as well as Mongolian, Russian, European, Tibetan.

Men's are easy to recognize by the end - ool, women's by -kys, -maa, -urug.

For Tuvans, naming has always been of great importance, since they believed in a mystical, magical and spiritual connection between an object and a word. Therefore, children were called words meaning positive qualities of character. Also popular are the names formed from the name of the area in which the baby was born.

After the spread of Lamaism (16th century), Tuvans actively began to use Tibetan and Mongolian words and concepts for naming children. Buddhist names appeared - in honor of deities, philosophical terms, sacred books.

Often the lama chose the name for the child and whispered it into the right ear of the male child.