Name of villages in Russia. Five most attractive villages in Russia Names of Russian villages and villages

The Association of the most beautiful villages in Russia was created several years ago with the aim of developing tourism, preserving national heritage and original architecture in the countryside. As a result of several competitions and competitions, the Association was replenished with picturesque villages from different parts of the country, and some of them managed to get into the guide to the most beautiful villages. We have identified the most striking of them and are in a hurry to tell you about their history, sights and geographical location.

Vyatskoe

Vyatskoye is an ancient village located in central Russia, namely in the Yaroslavl region on the Ukhtanka River. In 2015, this place was the first to be included in the Association of the Most Beautiful Villages. The history of the village begins in the distant 16th century: in the early days of its existence, Vyatskoye became famous as the estate of the patriarch. Later, the village was known as a place for cucumber fishing, large fairs and bazaars. At the moment, the place is more like a vast museum complex, gathering thousands of tourists at any time of the year. The surviving houses and architectural buildings of the 18th century, the presence of a dozen museums and the nature of amazing beauty make Vyatskoye extremely attractive. For the convenience of tourists, there are several hotels, restaurants and even a concert hall, and thanks to the location close to Yaroslavl, the flow of people who want to see Vyatskoye does not dry out. A number of festivals and traditional events are held here annually: Harvest Day, Krasnaya Gorka, the Russian Wreath Festival, the Province - Soul of Russia festival. The historical and cultural complex of Vyatsky was recognized as the best in Russia, and the village has repeatedly become the winner of many national and state awards.

Not every city can boast of such a number of museums as the village of Vyatskoye: at the moment there are as many as ten of them. Some of them attract attention with extraordinary themes and intriguing names: the museum of angels, the museum of love stories, the museum of Russian entrepreneurship, the “Russian Bathhouse in Black” and other quaint museums operate on the territory of the village. In addition to the museum complex, there are several active churches in Vyatka. In addition to architectural sights, the village is famous for several healing drinking springs, and its area is recognized as the most environmentally friendly in the region.

How to get there?

Vyatskoye is located in the Nekrasovsky district of the Yaroslavl region. The distance from Yaroslavl is only 30 kilometers along a straight road. Travel time by car will be 40 minutes. Buses run daily from Yaroslavl.

Photo source: kulturologia.ru

Desyatnikovo

The next well-known place with a developed ethnic culture is the Old Believer village of Desyatnikovo. Thanks to the preserved architecture, way of life and local traditions, the village was included in the UNESCO list. The first mention of it dates back to the 18th century. Desyatnikovo is located in Buryatia, a few kilometers from the regional center - the large village of Tarbagatai. Desyatnikovo joined the Association of the most beautiful villages in 2016. The architecture of the village is unique: historically, the Old Believers sent here several centuries ago gathered in one place the culture of several peoples, which mixed with local traditions. Desyatnikovo differs from other settlements in unusually bright wooden buildings. Information about the features of the architecture of the village of Desyatnikovo is available at the link.

Main Attractions

Each house in the village is a local pride and landmark due to the unique method of painting both inside and outside, the method of construction and the customs preserved. Another important cultural heritage site in Desyatnikovo is the functioning St. Nicholas Church.

How to get there?

From the capital of Buryatia, Ulan-Ude, to Desyatnikovo, you will have to overcome about 60 kilometers along the Baikal federal highway and 11 kilometers from the regional center Tarbagatai. You can get from Ulan-Ude by minibus.

kiltsa

The village of Kilca is a picturesque place known since the 17th century. It is located in the Mezensky district of the Arkhangelsk region at the mouth of the river of the same name. Kielce belongs to the Arctic zone of the country and was officially included in the Association of Beautiful Villages quite recently due to the preserved hundred-year-old wooden buildings, the traditional way of life of the locals and the presence of fabulous nature around. Any residential building is an indicator of the skill of northern architects.

Main Attractions

Kielce is primarily known for its votive crosses, which you can already see at the entrance to the village. It was customary to put votive crosses on any occasion, both happy and sad. The indigenous people have a special attitude towards them - it has long been believed that the set votive cross is the strongest amulet against misfortunes. In addition, Kilza became famous for its incomparable architectural style, typical of the northern rural settlements: each residential building, decorated with patterned architraves and carved balconies, is a work of folk art.

How to get there?

Kiltsa is connected by road with the village of Kimzha, which is also a member of the Beautiful Villages Association. This place is quite inaccessible. The nearest motorway is 12 kilometers along the winter road, in summer it is not easy to get there by car. At the moment, the administration is faced with the question of building a road for the development of tourism. The place belongs to a rural settlement, the center of which is the village of Kozmogorskoye. A map and additional information about the geographic location is available at the link.

Photo source: krasaderevni.ru

Kimzha

No less famous in the Arkhangelsk region is another village - Kimzha. Just like neighboring Kilza, the village is located in the Mezensky district. Kimzha joined the Association of the most beautiful villages in 2017 and immediately took the honorable first place in this list. It has been known since the 16th century, and the permanent population of this Arctic village is quite small - no more than a hundred people. Each house in the settlement, like a revived museum piece and a keeper of history, is of great interest to visiting tourists. For those who are interested in the folklore and customs of indigenous peoples, Kimzha is a real treasure: the local population strictly observes traditions, celebrates events according to the canons, carols at Christmas and gathers folk choirs for holidays. But one of the folk legends, local settlers have the gift of divination and witchcraft, for this reason, residents of neighboring areas still call them blackthropes. Until the middle of the last century, paganism and Old Believers were widespread in Kimzha, which left their mark on the modern way of life. The main and important occupations of the local population are hunting, fishing, and berry picking.

Main Attractions

The hallmark of the village is the museum complex "The northernmost mills in the world." One of these mills is currently functioning, the other is the Northern Mills Museum. These two mills were built at the end of the 19th century and are monuments of regional significance. The Hodegetrievskaya Church is the only local landmark of the Mezen type of building that has been preserved since the beginning of the 18th century.

How to get there?

From Arkhangelsk to Kimzhi 350 kilometers. At any time of the year you can get there by plane, in the summer, ferries run along the Mezen River. It will be easiest for motorists to drive along the picturesque road Arkhangelsk-Belogorsky-Pinega-Kimzha. According to the official version, public transport does not run in this area, but there are private transports from Arkhangelsk. Detailed information on how to get to the place can be found on the Kimzha village website.

Photo source: tourinfo.ru

Oshevensky churchyard

The Arkhangelsk region can be proud of the presence of many ancient settlements with preserved ethnic culture: another village, spread out on the Churega River in the Kargopol district of the region and accepted into the Association of beautiful villages - Oshevensky churchyard. The village is not accidentally included in this list: some architectural structures have been preserved here since the 15th century, and local residents still observe the rituals inherent in this place. Tourists come here to see local traditions: see how ritual cookies are baked, learn how to bake pies, go to a real black-bath and try out old spinning wheels. Master classes are held especially for visitors, and you can stay at the guest house.

Main Attractions

The active Holy Assumption Alexander-Oshevensky Monastery, located at the entrance to the village, is a national pride. An attractive building with an octagonal dome is the Church of the Epiphany, which has existed since the 18th century and is also known for its painted ceiling. A detailed history of the village is available at the link.

How to get there?

The Oshevensky Pogost settlement is located 45 kilometers from Kargopol. You can get there by road from Kargopol by car.

Photo source: korsar-travel.ru

Kinerma

The Karelian settlement of Kinerma is a real original village, where the rural way of life is actively maintained at the present time. The first mention of the village dates back to the 16th century. Kinerma was burned by the Swedish troops and restored, destroyed by the Polish-Lithuanian troops, but still retained its original appearance to this day. Kinerma was admitted to the Association of Beautiful Villages in 2016, which caused a huge flow of tourists to the village and its surroundings. Most of the surviving residential buildings are recognized as architectural monuments. For all comers, master classes are held here with a demonstration of folk crafts and the preparation of traditional dishes.

Main Attractions

The chapel of Our Lady of Smolensk with an iconostasis, which has been functioning since the 18th century, is the main local attraction. The village has an ethno-cultural center in a restored historical barn with traditional fences, a well and a smoke sauna. A significant part of the sights are the oldest residential buildings. You can find detailed information about services and attractions in

The Russian village... For some it is a relic of the agrarian past, for others it is the keeper of the Russian soul. One way or another, on average, urbanization “eats up” three villages in the country every year. What are the reasons for the extinction and degradation of the Russian village? How many villages are there in Russia today? And which of them are the most beautiful? You will find answers to all these questions in our article.

Unemployment, hopelessness, despondency...

It is with such unpleasant words that the modern Russian village is most often described. Broken asphalt, fragmentarily left over from prosperous Soviet times, abandoned farms, destroyed houses of culture, dirt, lack of lighting and central sewerage - this is typical for most of the villages and villages of today's Russia. Of course, there are pleasant exceptions. But they are catastrophically few.

Many villages in Russia, in view of the vast area of the latter, are literally cut off from any benefits of civilization. They can be located several hundred kilometers from the nearest city or regional center. In such villages, people, like a hundred or two hundred years ago, live by subsistence farming: they sow fields, raise livestock, fish, hunt and drink strong tea from real samovars.

A classic example of the "Russian hinterland" is the so-called Krasny Bereg. This is an area consisting of three villages, lost in the middle of the coniferous forests of the Vologda region. Their total population is 10 people. In fact, there are no roads to these settlements. In winter, it can only be overcome by snowmobile, and in summer (after heavy rain) - only by tractor. Water - from springs, light - from kerosene lamps, a generator - one for three villages.

And how many similar villages are scattered across the expanses of vast Russia - it's hard to say.

Russian village: in facts and figures

As of the beginning of 2018, 19.1% of the total population of the Russian Federation lives in rural areas.
Between 2002 and 2010 (between the last two censuses) the number of depopulated villages in Russia increased by 6,000.
Today there are about 150 thousand rural settlements in the country.
About half of them have no more than 100 people.
17 thousand Russian villages do not have a permanent population.
The average density in the Russian Federation is 2 persons/sq. km.
The maximum percentage of the rural population is observed in the Krasnodar Territory - almost 45%.
The largest villages are located in the North Caucasus.
The largest village in Russia in terms of population is Novaya Usman. 27.5 thousand people live here.

Reasons for the extinction of the Russian village

The degradation of the countryside is one of the most acute socio-economic problems of modern Russia. In the last twenty years, the country's rural population has been steadily declining. And not only due to natural decline (high mortality against the background of low birth rates), but also due to the colossal migration outflow.

Young people categorically do not want to live in the village, trying by any available means to escape to the capital or the nearest large city. As a result, in many Russian villages only old people and openly asocial elements remain. The share of depopulated villages in some subjects of the Russian Federation has already reached 20%.

Why is the Russian village dying out? There are several reasons:

High unemployment.
Degradation of social infrastructure (lack of schools, kindergartens, clinics, etc.).
Lower standard of living compared to urban environment.
Frequent lack of housing and communal benefits (sewerage, gasification, lighting, Internet, etc.).

To revive the Russian village and return young people to it, a comprehensive state program is required to save it and further develop it. Of course, this requires huge amounts of money.

The most beautiful villages in Russia: list

Let's try to end our article on a positive note. Not all villages in Russia look dull and hopeless. Some of them are able to surprise with their color, authentic spirit and original architecture. Listed below are five ancient Russian villages that are definitely worth visiting at least once in your life:

Varzuga, Murmansk region. The village arose in the middle of the 15th century. Fishing center for Atlantic salmon.
Big Kunaley, Buryatia. Quite a large village, reminiscent of its appearance an illustration to a collection of children's fairy tales. The design of all the local houses is exactly the same: brown walls, blue windows, green fences.
Vershinino, Arkhangelsk region. Traditional village of the Russian North. It is famous for its unique and perfectly preserved architecture of the 17th-18th centuries.
Okunevo, Omsk region. A colorful, amazing and mystical village, in which adherents of five different religions found refuge at once. The village is a place of attraction for all lovers of esotericism and meditation.
Elovo, Perm region. Ecologically clean village located on the banks of the Kama. It impresses all guests not only with magnificent natural landscapes, but also with its landscaping. There is asphalt, walking paths, flower beds and playgrounds.

Finally…

The process of rural extinction is not a unique Russian phenomenon. In general, it is similar to similar processes in other countries and regions of the planet. But, in spite of everything, the Russian village is still alive, with all its advantages and disadvantages. And, hopefully, in the near future it will begin to revive. After all, as they say in one old Russian proverb: "The city is the kingdom, and the village is paradise."

28.12.2015 at 18:56 · Johnny · 80 590

Top 10. The most beautiful villages in Russia

For a long time, the Russian village was unreasonably forgotten. During this period, many rural settlements were completely abandoned or disappeared from the face of the earth. Since 2014, an association has appeared, the object of which is the most beautiful villages in Russia. Localities that meet certain criteria can participate in the competition. The natural landscape, historical value, appearance and population, which should not exceed 2 thousand people, are considered. There are at least 10 villages in Russia that can compete for the status of the most beautiful and culturally interesting.

10.

One of the most beautiful villages in Russia is located in the Murmansk region. has almost six hundred years of history and is an adornment of the Kola Peninsula. In the center of the settlement is the Assumption Church, which was built at the end of the 17th century without the use of nails. This building is a historical and cultural heritage, which is recognized as a monument of wooden architecture. In addition to the historical value, the village is famous for its tourism activities. Atlantic salmon migrate along the Varzuga River, and you can get permission to catch them and have a good rest in the bosom of nature. The village has long been chosen by the British for tourism.

9.

A settlement in the Kaluga region can rightly be called one of the most beautiful villages in Russia. Once it was a dying place with a small number of inhabitants. Thanks to the architect Vasily Shchetinin, Nikolo-Lenivets village turned into a creative gallery, in which every wall and fence is handmade from natural materials. This idea was picked up by compatriot followers and foreign architects. Currently, the village hosts an annual festival called "Arch-Standing". Picturesque houses harmoniously fit into the original Russian landscape.

8.

The Kamchatka Territory has a harsh climate, but this does not affect the life of a beautiful and happy Russian village. is located in a fertile place where thermal springs are beating from the earth. They are used for heating houses, as well as for healing purposes in a local sanatorium. The village is separated from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky by 600 kilometers. The absence of civilization in the usual sense makes it possible for folk art to develop. Songs and dances can be seen and heard on national and rural holidays. The local Rotary Club handles the settlement's pressing issues and has ties to a similar organization in Alaska.

7.

In the Vladimir region, 10 kilometers from the city, there is Bogolyubovo village leading its history from the 12th century. By the number of Christian shrines and their architecture, the settlement can be called one of the most beautiful villages in Russia. The basis for the settlement was laid by the Kiev prince Andrei Bogolyubsky, who made this picturesque corner his fiefdom. The remains of the foundation of the ancient castle have been preserved to this day. The Church of the Intercession of the Holy Mother of God is built on a hill and during the flood it is surrounded by water. In this village, a boat is not a luxury, but a means of transportation in the spring.

6.

This pearl of Russian architecture is located in the Tver region and can rightfully be recognized as the most beautiful village in Russia. The atmosphere of this settlement brings people back to the pre-Mongolian period, when the domes of churches sparkled here and there, and the green meadows were virginally fresh. Of particular beauty is the Nativity Church, which was built in the 15th century and is still active. Once the Tver principality claimed primacy in a dispute with Moscow, and then it turned into a periphery of a great state. Its originality is preserved not only in the annals, but also in Gorodnya village.

5.

In the Altai Territory, the settlement was lost, in which the famous writer and actor of our time Vasily Shukshin was born. can be safely called the most beautiful village in Russia, since it is here that you can see real expanses covered with meadow grasses and grain crops. The village is considered to be the birthplace of the Polovtsy, with whom the Russian princes and their squads fought so bravely. The Shukshin Museum is located in Srostki. Literary readings and even a film festival are held in honor of the famous countryman. The Katun River looks very picturesque, and the houses located on its banks are harmonious.

4.

Moscow and the Moscow region are famous for their higher standard of living than the regions more distant from the center. Zhukovka became the most glamorous settlement in the entire country. Its streets have been turned into neighborhoods with fashionable boutiques, and houses abound with expensive and beautiful things. A professional architect Grigoryan worked on the appearance of the village, who created comfortable conditions not only for the local population, but also for fashion brands. Zhukovka has become so popular relatively recently, but why not the most beautiful village in Russia, especially since it is in favor with many wealthy and respected people.

3.

Locality Big Kunaley is located in Buryatia on the banks of the Kunaleyka river. The village appeared at the beginning of the 18th century and since then it continues to exist and live its own life. Its population is just over a thousand people. Surprising in the Big Kunaley are the houses, which are all, as if by choice, painted red with blue windows and green fences. The appearance of the settlement resembles a cheerful children's fairy tale. Bolshoi Kunaley can claim the title of the most beautiful and unusual village in Russia. And local residents are happy to support the unusual image of their native village.

2.

There are a lot of bright and original settlements in Buryatia and Desyatnikovo village belongs to this category. All houses look very exotic because they are painted in bright colors. The surrounding nature is also inimitable: endless expanses, green hills and high blue sky are perfectly combined with the work of human hands. In the category of the most beautiful villages in Russia, the village of Desyatnikovo can take its rightful place. Residents preserve not only the appearance of their picturesque place, but folk traditions and crafts.

1.

In 2019 Vyatskoye village was officially recognized as the most beautiful village in Russia. The locality managed to pass the competition according to all criteria and win this worthy title. Vyatskoye is located in the Nekrasovsky district of the Yaroslavl region. On its territory you can see 10 museums of various kinds and architectural historical monuments. Local residents constantly take part in various competitions and become their winners. Vyatskoye is not only a historical and cultural complex, but also a developing tourist destination in the region.

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What are the reasons for the extinction and degradation of the Russian village? How many villages are there in Russia today? And which of them are the most beautiful? You will find answers to all these questions in our article.

Unemployment, hopelessness, despondency...

A classic example of the "Russian hinterland" is the so-called Krasny Bereg. This is an area consisting of three villages, lost in the middle of the coniferous forests of the Vologda region. Their total population is 10 people. In fact, there are no roads to these settlements. In winter it can only be overcome by snowmobile, and in summer (after heavy rain) only by tractor. Water - from springs, light - from kerosene lamps, generator - one for three villages.

And how many similar villages are scattered across the expanses of vast Russia is hard to say.

Russian villages are dying out

According to Rosstat, in the first nine months of this year, the population of Russia decreased by 173,000 people. The villages of the northwest and the center of Russia are dying out faster than others. And in the Tver region, the pace is higher than the national average.

“The most alarming situation in terms of mortality today is observed in the Ivanovo, Tula, Novgorod, Tver and Pskov regions,” Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova named the five regions suffering from a demographic disaster.

The countryside is particularly affected. The government financially encourages the birth of a second and subsequent children, the same measures are provided for at the regional level. But bad roads and lack of work convince more than maternity capital.

“Only resettlement from the village to the city gave 20-30% of the salary. It was enough to move to the city. And if you improve the level of qualification, then the difference will be even higher,” says Salavat Abylkalikov, a demographer and researcher at the Higher School of Economics.

In the summer of 2018, experts counted 2,234 empty villages in the Tver region. This is more than in any other region of Russia. Statistics will be replenished, because there are many villages in which 1-2 people live.

Every fourth village in the Tver region is abandoned. Away from the main roads are crumbling houses. The farther from the highway "Russia", the more often such a picture occurs.

“The houses are empty. This one is empty, this one is empty, this one is empty. That one is empty, that one is empty, and that one is empty. Three houses on the street are residential. That is, a dying village. Well, let's move on,” says Sergey Krivchenkov, a resident of the Tver region.

Not only businesses and hospitals are closing, but also schools. Due to optimization, schoolchildren have to be transported to large villages and small towns. The villagers call life in the village hard.

“There were 800-900 people here. I graduated from high school in 1972. There were 200 of us - students in this school. But before my eyes, they all died.”

“We are used to it, but life, of course, is hard. Because little attention is paid to us. The roads are bad. The light turns off. Little attention is paid to us.”

The Tver region is in third place both in terms of mortality and population decline. Neighbors in all these ratings are the same old-developed "root" regions of Russia near Moscow and St. Petersburg.

“Therefore, the leaders are the millionaire cities. That's why all cities with millionaires want... or rather, all cities want to get the status of a millionaire or 500,000. If you have acquired this status, this is a different level of attention, a different level of funding,” says Salavat Abylkalikov, a demographer and researcher at the Higher School of Economics.

Whether it is necessary and whether it is possible to stop this process?

Alexander Merzlov: In our opinion, of course, this must be done. But, unfortunately, modern agrarian policy is not conducive to this. Since the rate of depopulation continues to be very high, let's say there is a program for the sustainable development of rural areas. But it mainly affects those rural settlements that are located next to large objects of the agro-industrial complex. The majority of rural areas are not covered by this program, and the rate of disappearance of villages and their depopulation continues to be very high.

That is, in fact, this is an inevitable process?

Alexander Merzlov A: No, it depends on the type of agricultural policy. If agrarian policy is oriented towards large agricultural holdings, if its interests are not the interests of the rural community, but the interests of large agricultural business, then, of course, this is actually the American model, everything will remain as it is. Our agriculture is developing, milk yields are growing, productivity is also growing, but at the same time, the state of the social sphere continues to deteriorate. It can be said that business continues to be concentrated in rural areas.

There are countries with more socially oriented models, for example, France, where more emphasis is placed on supporting small forms of management. And this leads to a greater variety of agricultural products, and to a better care of rural landscapes, and has a very large indirect effect in the form of attractive jobs in various fields. Our country is large enough, and in order to be engaged in the agro-industrial complex, thank God, we have vast expanses where you can do it - I don’t want to, I mean large-scale farming.

But, in our opinion, in residential areas where people live, in areas with increased recreational and cultural potentials, it is necessary to develop small-scale farms that will be focused on quality food, varied food, and the development of recreational and tourist potentials. And so we can implement these models.