Aix en provence france history. Open the left menu ex-en-provence. How to get from Marseille

Aix-en-Provence is a charming aristocratic town in the south of France, in the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region, located between Marseille and the Luberon mountains, among healing thermal springs. For many centuries, it has been and remains the cultural center of Provence with a huge number of festivals held here. Thanks to one of the oldest universities in France and the European Academy of Music, the city is filled with students and the atmosphere of a lively creative laboratory reigns in it. Aix-en-Provence adds special charm to the stone-paved medieval streets, luxurious palaces of Provencal nobility, made in the style of Italian baroque of the XVII-XVIII centuries, elegant facades of old estates with sophisticated openwork wrought-iron balconies and a huge number of fountains. This southern French town is considered the center of antiques in Provence: collectors and lovers of antiquities from around the world are constantly “digging” in local flea markets and in numerous antique shops.

Aix-en-Provence balneological resorts located in the Arc valley, at an altitude of 175 meters above sea level, are also popular. Warm healing springs were discovered in this region by the Romans, and until today, calcium bicarbonate waters with a temperature of about 36 ° C are used both for baths and for drinking, as an auxiliary treatment for diseases of the cardiovascular, excretory and musculoskeletal systems. Spa treatments with healing waters are offered not only in the suburban health centers, but also in some hotels in the city itself.

• Area: 186 km²;
• Time zone: UTC + 1, in summer UTC + 2;
• Population: 141,200.

How to get to the city

You can get to Aix-en-Provence from Marseille - it is here that the nearest international airport is located, from which autoexpress trains run regularly to the city. There is also a railway connection with the capital of France - it takes about 3 hours to travel by high-speed train from Paris to Aix-en-Provence.

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Aix-en-Provence, which locals often call simply Aix, is one of the most attractive places in the south of France.

Richer than Marseille, cheaper than Paris and with 300 sunny days a year, this is the perfect place for a romantic getaway or summer vacation. The city is just a few minutes drive from the beaches of the Cote d'Azur and the ski slopes, in the heart of Provence, where travelers are surrounded by fragrant lavender and sunflower fields and ancient olive groves. In addition, it is the birthplace of the artist Cezanne; Aix-en-Provence has enough cultural and historical attractions to satisfy the most indefatigable enthusiasts.

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Discover the winding medieval streets of the historic center, explore the Roman ruins in nearby Arles, or simply watch life while sipping coffee in a cozy cafe. Aix-en-Provence is good for relaxing at any time of the year, although most people prefer to visit the city during the summer peak season from May to September, when the famous lavender fields bloom and the sun gives the pale stone buildings a soft golden glow.

Nevertheless, you should think about spring breaks in Aix, when the city blooms with hundreds of colors, or about an autumn trip when the weather is not so hot. Aix is \u200b\u200balso a popular winter vacation destination due to its proximity to local ski resorts and seasonal activities such as the Christmas Market.

How to get there

The nearest airport is Marseille, 20 km from Aix-en-Provence. A bus leaves for the city every half an hour from the airport; the journey takes about 30 minutes and costs 7 euros. Taxis can be found outside the terminal building, the trip will cost about 70 euros. TGV fast trains are ideal for those who prefer to watch scenic views.

A one-way trip from Paris takes less than three hours, and a ticket costs 25 euros. Trains stop at Aix-en-Provence station, which is located near the city. Buses run regularly from the train station. From most major French cities, buses leave for Marseille. A bus runs to Aix-en-Provence from Marseille Saint-Charles station, the journey takes 30 minutes and costs 8 euros.

sights

Experience the laid-back tranquility of Southern France by visiting the Mazarini quarter. To the south of the crowded Mirabeau is a grid of streets with old "hôtels particuliers" that were originally built to house the wealthy merchants and nobles of Provence. Boutique hotels and shops selling local handicrafts, as well as several charming cafes, are located in the historic city. This is a vibrant area of \u200b\u200bthe city with beautiful architecture and aesthetic appeal.

The long, tree-lined avenue of Mirabeau marks the central point of commerce and entertainment in Aix-en-Provence, with many restaurants, bars and tourist shops serving an enthusiastic consumer. Various markets and events take place here on different days, as locals love to meet old friends here and shop. In the middle of Cours Mirabeau is the ancient Fontaine du Roi Rene in memory of Rene of Anjou, who died in the 15th century - a man holds a scepter in one hand and a bushel of local grapes in the other. While in Paris, you must visit the Notre Dame Cathedral. But being in Aix-en-Provence, do not miss the Cathedral of the Holy Savior. This Roman Catholic Cathedral is a popular tourist attraction and a national monument of France. The building includes Romanesque, Gothic and Neo-Gothic elements, as it was subjected to repeated reconstruction attempts from the 12th to the 19th century. These days, visitors can enjoy the precious works of religious art about the life of Christ from Nicholas Froman, Louis Finson and Jean Dare. Be sure to check out the program of the cathedral before visiting, as you may be lucky enough to enjoy an evening organ concert or a Christmas rehearsal of the choir.

The Museum Grande in the center of Aix-en-Provence has many exhibits of painting, sculpture and archeology. When the museum was built, it belonged to the Church of Saint-Jean-de-Malta, located in the neighborhood. Only in the last few decades the building was restored and opened to the public as an art gallery. Today you can see the work of such famous artists as Renoir, Ingres, Cezanne and even Van Gogh.

Indulge in the provincial cuisine and the countryside of Aix-en-Provence, and then enjoy the wonderful cultural offerings on the outskirts of the city. The Vasarely Foundation implements the artistic concepts of Victor Vasarely, in whose colossal paintings - modern masterpieces, abstract forms and bold colors are used, and thus attracts the attention of the whole world. Vasarely hoped to alleviate world problems with the help of squares and triangles, and indeed many of his paintings of optical illusion leave the viewer fascinated for a long time.

Currency

Euro The winding streets of the Old Town are filled with boutiques of clothes, books, arts and crafts and jewelry. If you're looking for global brands, visit Les Allées Provençales or the large Carrefour Mall, which sells everything from fashion accessories to electronics.

Food

Aix-en-Provence has an incredible number of restaurants compared to its small size. Most of the establishments are collected in a small area in the Old Town, between Carder Square and the Rotunda (Cours Mirabeau). Restaurants and bars on the Cours Mirabeau are generally more expensive, although while some may be considered tourist traps, others are some of the best places to eat in the city. L "Authentique is a great place for burgers in the area. You can buy the most delicious and high-quality French bread at Le farinomanFou or Emile Bec.

You can also try calisson, the region's signature dish, consisting of smooth, pale yellow, homogeneous candied pasta, most often used melon and oranges, and ground almonds with a thin layer of royal glaze. Chez Charlotte is a very good restaurant, popular with locals. It offers simple and affordable French cuisine in a friendly atmosphere. If you really want to eat as a local and save a few euros, it is best to choose small restaurants that have doner kebabs on the menu. For a few euros, you get a “sandwich” wrapped in gallets, or in round bread, which includes salad, tomatoes, onions, meat, french fries and be sure to ask for Blanche sauce. It is very tasty and cheap.

Many restaurants make this dish differently. La Maison des Fondues offers a wide selection of delicious fondues. Le Clos de la Violette is located in the northern part of the city, close to the excellent Hotel Villa Gallici. This restaurant is marked with a Michelin star. The menu changes seasonally.

Where to stay

Popular neighborhoods in Aix-en-Provence The Old Town is the center of Aix-en-Provence with some of the city’s most impressive buildings. The most popular local attractions are the 17th-century Town Hall and the Cathedral of the Holy Savior, where you can see the Triptych of the Burning Bush Nicolas Frohman.

Villeneuve District - A new district of the city east of the Palace of Justice, it is an upscale residential area of \u200b\u200bstylish townhouses. Cours Mirabeau (Cours Mirabeau) is one of the busiest and most popular areas of the city. Its central element is an 18th-century tree-lined avenue where you can see many of the city's famous fountains and stately mansions.

Aix-en-Provence is a university city, so you will find many cheap hotels as well as luxurious and upscale hotels. Good mid-range hotels include the Hotel ibis Aix-en-Provence, Hôtel Aquabella and Hôtel Best Western Le Galice. Luxury hotels such as La Villa Gallici or Hôtel Aix-en-Provence - Hôtel de Gantès are ideal for special city trips.

Precautionary measures

Aix is \u200b\u200ba safe city to visit, but, like in all French cities, tourists in Aix should be aware of the risk of becoming a victim of pickpockets and thieves. Do not leave valuables in sight in parked cars. Use extreme caution at night and use a taxi if you are going to remote areas late in the evening. Avoid visiting public parks after dark.

How to get from Marseille?

It’s convenient to make a large voyage across France with a stop in many cities by car (you can rent a car in France at Rentalcars directly from home). If this is not possible, travel by train or taxi. For example, a train from Marseille to Aix-en-Provence (do not confuse with the Aix-en-Provence TGV station, it is located away from the center) leaves daily and costs 8 €, and a transfer in the same direction by car can beto order  and in advanceat this link.

A bit of history

Founded by the Romans, Aix-en-Provence was then famous for its thermal springs. It was named “Sextov Waters” in honor of the Roman consul Sextius (Latin “Aquae sextiae”), and the modern name of the city is the same “waters” converted into French in 2 millennia.

What to see in Aix-en-Provence?

Aix-en-Provence is truly a city of water, a city of a thousand fountains, as it is called. They, ranging from the largest historical and ending with drinking fountains, can be used as reference points for sorties during festivities. Some are hundreds of years old, and the mossy carpet makes them look like natural boulders with flowing water. This is the fountain of Moussue, which means "moss."

The most famous fountain is the Rotunda Fountain (Fontaine de la Rotonde). It is located on the square from which Mirabo Boulevard begins. Life is in full swing here: tourists and residents strolling slowly, musicians play; hiding under the shadow of plane trees, street shops and cafes settled down. Having reached the statue of King Rene, you can turn right and get into the exquisite Mazaran district, built up with baroque mansions - the habitat of the 17th century aristocracy. Here is the Granet Art Museum, and next to it is the attractive fountain of four dolphins.

Turning left you will see the narrow streets of the old city. They will lead to the Cathedral of the Holy Savior (St. Sauveur) - a unique building that incorporates the features of Romanesque, Gothic architecture and Baroque. Another church dedicated to Saint Jean of Malta is considered the highest building of Aix - the height of its tower is 67 meters.

Moving to St. Sauveur, you will not pass by the small square of Alberta. It is paved with mossy cobblestones, a fountain is located in the center, and on three sides it is surrounded by Baroque buildings. A free museum nearby is the Musee du Vieil Aix, where you can see many interesting exhibits on the history of the region.

In the old part of the city you can admire the old town hall, which attracts the attention of the clock tower. Wooden figures representing the seasons appear due to the dial every hour. On the Town Hall Square there is an old fountain and a street market with fruits, sweets, olive oil and local herbs, of which lavender comes first.

Atelier Cézanne is located somewhat away from the historical part of the city, but the workshop of the great artist must be visited by those who want to learn more about his work. And for those who want to get acquainted with the most famous model of Cezanne, you should definitely come to the Park of painters - from here you can see the view of Mount Saint-Victoire.

Starting in June, Aix becomes the real cultural capital of the region. One festival replaces another, all the stages of the city work, and music does not cease at open concert venues.

Provence Cuisine

In Aix-en-Provence there is no shortage of places to eat, they can be found both on the main streets and away from tourist routes. One of the oldest restaurants in the local cuisine - Les Deux Garçons (Two Waiters) on Mirabeau Boulevard, its famous visitors were once Paul Cezanne and Emile Zola.

Provence dishes are meat with herbs, stewed in red wine, and Provencal snails with aioli sauce. This is nothing but the prototype of our mayonnaise - a sauce of olive oil and egg yolks with garlic. Here you can’t help but taste the “urban heritage” of Aix - calisson almond pastries (Calissons d ’Aix). The townspeople once believed that they helped get rid of the plague, and still, in September, they spend here the day of distribution of calissons.

Perhaps the only drawback of the city of Aix-en-Provence is the mistral - the cold north wind, which constantly blows in winter and early spring. Despite the fact that it causes a lot of trouble to local residents, apparently, they have learned to look at this phenomenon as an inevitability, which has to be put up with. Otherwise, how to explain that one of the nightclubs is named short and simple - Le Mistral?

Have a nice trip!

sights

Aix-en-Provence is called the "city of a thousand fountains." Of particular interest are the Grand Fountain on the Rotunda (1860) in the city center, the fountain connected to the hot spring (1734), the Fountain of the Four Dauphin (1667) and the Fountain of the Good King Rene, built in the 19th century. Even if you decide to explore all the sights, you will miss many of them during a tour of the ancient center of this entertaining city.

Chur Mirabeau is a wide avenue that divides the city into old and new; to the north of it is a labyrinth of ancient streets and ancient buildings. It is in this direction that one should go. At the site of the Roman settlement, Bur Saint Sauveur is located, which stretches from the Cathedral of the Savior to the Italian-style town hall in the picturesque city hall square. The Cathedral "generalizes" the history of Ax in one single building. Erected in the V century. on a Roman foundation, this magnificent building for many centuries was completed in three different styles - Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque, and only in the XVIII century the work was stopped. The archbishop's palace is dated to the VI-XVII centuries. Nowadays there are the Tapestry Museum and the cultural center.

Other sights include the clock tower, the former bell tower of the 16th century, erected on a Roman foundation: an astronomical clock with four wooden statues is visible high above the street, as well as the Four Seasons Fountain, which has a Roman column. The Plaza and Hotel d'Alberta was built by an outstanding family, natives of Aix, in the 18th century and is truly enchanting (the fountain was erected later).

Best time to visit

In June - because of the free festival of street music or in July to get to the city festival of lyric art - the weather is dry and hot, but the breeze brings coolness.

What to see

• In the cathedral there is a magnificent triptych “The Burning Cup”, written around 1476 for King Rene. Admire the wood carvings. Church of St. Mary Magdalene - the former building of the monastery of the XIII century., Rebuilt around 1700. Now it is a museum where the works of local artists.
• A simple and very beautiful fountain of the 15th century. Espelyuk transferred to the square near the Archbishop's Palace in 1756
• Exa's famous De Garson pastry shop was built in 1792 - ask to show you the table of Ernest Hemingway or Paul Cezanne.

Exa's hot springs were built in 1705, but here you can also see the ruins of authentic Roman terms.

Aix-en-Provence invites you to share with him the pleasure of southern life: walks in the Mediterranean air, holidays and carnivals. In this city, all feelings are aggravated, around a riot of colors, in the markets there is an abundance of sunny fruits and vegetables, everywhere there are smells of Provence dishes and the gentle whisper of ancient fountains. Aix-en-Provence is the ideal destination for foodies and culture fans, couples and large families.

Must visit in Aix

• Places Cezanne

Cezanne Studio

The presence of the great impressionist is clearly shown here. Numerous paintings, materials for drawing and creating his last still lifes - in Cezanne Studio all the things dear to the artist are collected.

The possession of Jas de Buffan

This possession was bequeathed to the father of Paul Cezanne in 1859. From 1866 to 1895 Cezanne painted 36 paintings and 17 watercolors here, on which he depicted a house and a farm, a grove and a chestnut alley, a pond and statues ...

During the tour you will be shown all the places from which Cezanne painted his many paintings.

Bibemius quarry

It was on this abandoned quarry from 1895 to 1904. painted 11 paintings and 16 watercolors. He depicted mainly “stones” with interesting geometric shapes. It was these paintings that gave rise to cubism.

Be sure to visit: the unique collection From Cezanne to Giacometti. Panoramic art exhibition of the XX century, representing 19 masterpieces Giacometti, paintings by Leger, Mondrian, Klee, Steel, Picasso, Cezanne...

Mirabo Boulevard

Mirabo Boulevard is a real green tunnel around the fountains and houses of the 17th and 18th centuries. It is Mirabeau, created in 1650, that is considered the heart of the city.

• Magnificent fountains

Water has always been a part of the life and history of Aix-en-Provence. One need only recall the Roman terms Sextius, which are still in effect.

• Cathedral of the Holy Savior

The cathedral was built from V to XVIII centuries. His hallmark is architectural diversity. The Baptistery was created in the V century, and the gallery or cloister with its calm and elegant forms dates back to the XVII century.

New quarter "Provencal alleys"  with numerous boutiques. The National Center of Choreography and the Bolshoi Theater of Provence are also located here. "Provencal Alleys" opened in June 2007. This new commercial and cultural quarter attracts many visitors in the afternoon for shopping, and in the evening for performances at the Bolshoi Theater of Provence or for performances of the Preljocage Ballet.

Specialties: calissons, santons (figurines of saints), AOC wines Coto d’Ex

Wines and Olive Oil  You can also buy in the markets.

Thermal station: The temple of modern architecture, located in the very center of the city, is dedicated to the cult of water and healing.

Casino.  The property of PARTOUCHE, it is an ideal place to play roulette, blackjack, 30/40, slot machines ... There are also performances and concerts.

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