A country that is not washed by the Adriatic Sea. Adriatic Sea: resorts of different countries. Holidays on the Adriatic Sea: when is the best time to go

The Adriatic Sea separates the Italian peninsula (Apennines) from the Balkan Peninsula. The Adriatic is the northernmost part of the Mediterranean Sea.

The Adriatic Sea extends from the Otranto Strait (where it connects with the Ionian Sea) to the northwest Po Valley. Countries on the Adriatic coast - Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, Slovenia.

The sea is divided into three basins, the north - the shallowest, the south - the deepest (with a maximum depth of 1233 meters). The Otranto Sill submarine ridge is located on the border between the Adriatic and Ionian Seas.

Hydrography of the Adriatic

The prevailing currents move counterclockwise: from the Otranto Strait, along the east coast and back to the strait along the west (Italian) coast. Tidal movements in the Adriatic are insignificant, although large amplitudes sometimes occur.

The salinity of the Adriatic is lower than the Mediterranean, because the Adriatic Sea collects a third of the fresh water that flows into the Mediterranean Sea; this makes the Adriatic a dilution pool for the Mediterranean.

The water surface temperature usually ranges from 30 ° C in the summer to 12 ° C in the winter, which significantly stabilizes the climate of the Adriatic basin.

The Adriatic Sea is located on the Apulian or Adriatic microplate, which is separated from the African plate. The movement of the plate contributed to the formation of the surrounding mountain ranges and the tectonic uplift of the Apennines after a collision with the Eurasian plate. In the Late Oligocene, the Apennine Peninsula formed, separating the Adriatic basin from the rest of the Mediterranean Sea.

All types of precipitation possible occur in the Adriatic; and the bulk of the water is transported to the sea from the Po River and other rivers of the west coast. The west coast is alluvial (terraced), and the east coast is heavily indented with pronounced karstification.

The depth of the Adriatic Sea is 259.5 meters, and the maximum depth is 1233 meters; however, the North Adriatic Basin rarely exceeds a depth of 100 meters. The North Adriatic Basin extends between Venice and Trieste to the line connecting Ancona and Zadar (only 15 meters in depth at the northwest end). The middle Adriatic basin south of the Ancon-Zadar line (also called the Pomo Depression or the Dzhabuk pit) has a depth of 270 meters. The deep-water Palagruzhsky threshold (170 meters) is located south of the Middle Adriatic Pit, separating it from the South Adriatic Pit with a depth (1200 meters) and the Middle Adriatic Basin from the South Adriatic Basin. Further south, the sea floor rises to 780 meters to form the Otranto Sill on the border with. The South Adriatic basin is in many ways similar to the North Ionian Sea, to which it is attached.

In the transverse direction, the Adriatic Sea is asymmetric: the Apennine peninsular coast is relatively smooth (Cape Monte Conero and Gargano, these are the only significant ledges in the sea); unlike the Balkan coast, where numerous islands abound. The strength of the coast is determined by the proximity of the Dinar Alps, in contrast to the opposite (Italian) coast, because the Apennine mountains are further from the coastline.

It is assumed that the entire volume of Adriatic water is exchanged through the Otranto Strait for 3.4 years. This is a relatively short period. For example, it takes about 500 years to exchange all the water of the Black Sea.

Since the rivers flowing into the Adriatic Sea reach a water volume of 5700 cubic meters per second, this rate is 0.5% of the total volume of the Adriatic Sea or 1.3-meter water layer each year.
After the Po River, the second and third place, in terms of the importance of water exchange, are the Neretva and Drin rivers. Another significant contribution of fresh water to the Adriatic is the underwater discharge of groundwater through underwater sources. It is estimated that their contribution is 29% of the total water flow to the Adriatic. Underwater sources include thermal waters found offshore near the town of Isola. Thermal spring water is rich in hydrogen sulfide, has a temperature of 22 to 29.6 ° C.

History
The earliest settlements on the Adriatic coast were Etruscan, Illyrian, and Greek. By the 2nd century BC, the shores were controlled by Rome. In the Middle Ages, the Adriatic coast and the sea itself were to some extent controlled by a number of states, primarily the Byzantine Empire, the Serbian Empire, the Republic of Venice, the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. The Napoleonic Wars led the First French Empire to gain control of the coastal areas, and British efforts to combat the French in the area ultimately provided it with most of the eastern coast of the Adriatic and the Po Valley in Austria. After the unification of Italy, the Kingdom of Italy began its eastward expansion, which continued until the 20th century. After the First World War and the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, control of the east coast passed to Yugoslavia and Albania. The former disintegrated in the 1990s, four new states appeared on the Adriatic coast. Italy and Yugoslavia agreed on maritime borders by 1975, and this border is recognized by the successor states of Yugoslavia. But the maritime boundaries between Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian-Herzegovinian and Montenegrin waters are still disputed. Italy and Albania agreed on their maritime border in 1992.

Fisheries and tourism are significant sources of income throughout the Adriatic coast. The tourism industry in the Adriatic of Croatia is growing faster than in the rest of the Adriatic basin.
Sea transport is also an important branch of the regional economy: there are 19 seaports on the Adriatic, each of which serves more than a million tons of cargo per year. The largest seaport of the Adriatic Sea is the port of Trieste. And the port of Split is the largest passenger port in the Adriatic Sea.

The Adriatic has dozens of marine protected areas. The reserves are intended to protect karst habitats and marine biodiversity. The sea is rich in flora and fauna - more than 7000 species are identified as native to the Adriatic, many of which are endemic, rare and endangered.
The shores of the Adriatic Sea are inhabited by more than 3.5 million people. The largest cities are Bari, Venice, Trieste, Split.

Islands of the adriatic

In the Adriatic Sea, there are more than 1300 islands and islets of all sizes, including those that appear at low tide. Most of them are located along the eastern coast of the Adriatic, especially near Croatia. The largest Croatian islands are Cres and Krk, each of which has an area of \u200b\u200b405.78 square kilometers, and the highest is Brac, whose peak reaches 780 meters above sea level. The island of Losinj is divided with the island of Cres by a narrow navigable canal dug in classical antiquity; The island was formerly known as Apsyrtides. On the Croatian islands, there are 47 permanently inhabited, among which the most populated are Krk, Korcula and Brac. Islands along the western (Italian) coast of the Adriatic are less numerous. But the most famous of them are 117 islands on which the city of Venice is built.

When it comes to the Adriatic Sea, Riccina, Lido di Jesolo and Rimini first come to mind, these places are considered the most popular resorts on the Adriatic coast. In Italy, gently sloping entrances to the sea are considered to be features of the Adriatic Sea, because many steps must be taken to reach depth. Just have to be careful, and not step on peacefully walking crabs.

Life on the Adriatic Sea is full of life. Along the whole sea, there is one long “shopping street”, alternating one after another resorts, while the path does not change. In addition, the Adriatic Sea is rich in various tourist resorts, where there are many restaurants, shops and hotels.

Features

The Adriatic Sea, as well as, is part of the Mediterranean Sea. Its semi-enclosed territory stretches between the Balkan and Apennine peninsulas. The waters washed by the coast: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Italy, Croatia and Montenegro. Note that the name comes from the word "Adur", which means "water" or "sea". Initially, the Adriatic was considered the region of the sea that adjoins the settlement, but then the Adriatic expanded to the entire sea surface up to the Ionian Sea.

The width of the center of the Adriatic Sea is 180 kilometers, while the widest zones reach 230 kilometers. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe entire sea surface is approximately 140 thousand square kilometers. The western coastline is quite uniform, only one Gargano peninsula extends far into the southern part of the sea. The bay of Manfredonia is formed on the south side, Tremiti Bay in the north, it is closed by four islands.

The Gargano Peninsula is far from and divides the bottom of the Adriatic Sea into two reservoirs. At the same time, the north of the sea is not very deep - only 35 meters. On the way to the southeast, the bottom gradually deepens; in the zone near the Fox, the depth reaches 240 meters. The coast of the Adriatic Sea in the east is quite rugged and mountainous. Thousands of islands are spread on the surface of the sea. Uninhabited are only 66 islands. The largest islands are: Venetian, Manfredonia and Trieste. Since the coast is deep, shipping is well developed.

Climate of the Adriatic

The current affects the climate of the Adriatic Sea. It passes near the Dalmatian and Albanian coasts, which then goes to the Gulf of Trieste and reaches the Italian coast. It is noteworthy that the Adriatic climate resembles the climate of the Mediterranean Sea, because here there are the same characteristic winds as: sirocco, bora and mistral. They significantly affect air temperature. In summer, the water temperature reaches 220 degrees, and on cold days is at least 60 degrees. Tourists appreciate the Adriatic Sea, especially in the summer, because at this time the sea becomes hot and sunny. Moreover, even winter is not so cold, although rainy. Seventy percent of precipitation falls precisely in the winter. If you are interested, we recommend that you read the special article.

In some places, the salinity of sea water reaches 38 ppm. The salinity of the water is due to the fact that two large rivers, Echa and Po, flow into it. From the remaining rivers, the inflow of water is quite small. In general, the climate of the Adriatic Sea is favorable, therefore it is on its territory that tourist resorts are spread. A favorable environment and temperature contribute to such a diversity of flora and fauna, which the Adriatic Sea can be proud of.

Flora and fauna of the Adriatic

The flora and fauna of the Adriatic Sea are quite rich. For example, there are approximately 750 species of algae alone. A diverse fauna consists of: mollusks, echinoderms, sea urchins, crustaceans and mussels. If you go down to a great depth, then live here: moray eels, octopus, cuttlefish and lobsters. Fish representatives include: tuna, sardines, mackerel, as well as dwarf, blue and prickly sharks. The mammalian family consists of monk seals and dolphins.

The waters are full of young fish and plankton. Flocks are constantly plying the sea: mackerel, sardines, mackerel frigate, cystic mackerel, tuna and bonito. Thanks to the current, guests of the Adriatic Sea are: transparent jellyfish, as well as hydroid polyps that glow in the night. At great depths, a velvet-bellied luminous shark lives. It is extremely rare to see a giant shark. Some inhabitants of the Adriatic are listed in the Red Book, because they are on the verge of extinction. It is not just that the Adriatic Sea is called the pearl of Europe, and many tourists try to visit its waters.

Tourism

On the Adriatic coast, Venice is considered the most popular city. It is followed by neighboring Trieste, which is also becoming increasingly popular. Holidays on the Adriatic Sea are a pretty tempting prospect, because the purest water and excellent sandy beaches attract travelers from around the world. The most attractive resorts are called: Dubrovnik, Ravenna, Porec, Riccione.

Even in coastal areas a large number of crustaceans and mollusks. If you go in shallow water, you can see such marine inhabitants as: crabs, sea urchins and mussels. Seahorses swim in thickets of algae. The Adriatic Sea is especially attractive for diving, fishing and yachting, it is an ideal place for outdoor activities. Various travel companies organize excursion and cruise tours of the Adriatic Sea, such trips leave an unforgettable experience.

In addition, the most interesting archaeological sites are the bays: Kaliala Capo, Risan, Cape Platinumi, Old Ulcinj and some other zones. Regardless of the type of vacation, the Adriatic does not cease to amaze travelers. The Adriatic Sea is perfect for a romantic and family vacation.

Part of the Mediterranean Sea is the Adriatic Sea, located between the Balkan and Apennine peninsulas. This sea is a semi-enclosed type, which is why it is called part of the Mediterranean. This sea is washed by the coast of Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia and Italy.

The name Adriatic Sea was not quite familiar to hearing by the name of the ancient port located here - Adria. It was built in the Adige and Poe Delta. Initially, the Greek people called it only the northern part of the sea on which this port was located, but then it crossed over to the entire body of water. The Romans called the Adriatic Sea “Mare Seperum” or “Hadriaticum”. Over two thousand years, the local relief of the coast has changed so much that now the place where the port of Adria stood was 25 kilometers from the sea. This was due to the appearance of sediments made by the deltas of the local rivers.

The Adriatic Sea has an area of \u200b\u200b144 thousand square kilometers, a depth of 20 meters in the north and 1,230 meters in the southeast. Thus, the bottom of the sea gradually deepens from north to southeast. The Adriatic is connected to the Ionian Sea by the Otranto Strait. Inside the sea are the Dalmatian islands; There are many convenient bays for ships, the largest of which are referred to as Manfredonia, Venice and Trieste. It is convenient for shipping here that the coast is located at a sufficient depth. The seashores are sandy or pebble, therefore resort areas are well developed here.

The water temperature in the northern parts in summer is up to +24 degrees, in winter - +7 degrees; in the southern parts in summer - +26 degrees, in winter - +13. In summer it is sunny and warm, and in winter it often rains and often overcast.

The flora and fauna of the Adriatic Sea is quite rich. About 700 species of algae living here are known, which are divided into brown, green and red. Bivalves and gastropods, which have strong and thick shells, live in the coastal zone; crustaceans and echinoderms. Mussels, oysters, sea saucers, sea cucumbers, hedgehogs, stars, moray eels and eels are also common. Of the fish known species such as sardines, mackerel, tuna, bonito. Sometimes the course brings whole clouds of transparent and delicate jellyfish, as well as hydroid polyps, which mysteriously glow in the dark. They live in the waters of the sea and sharks: giant, blue, prickly, black. And from mammals, seals and dolphins are common.

Today, there are many resort areas on the Adriatic coast. Croatia is famous for such areas as Sibenik, Dubrovnik, Split, Pula, Makarska Riviera and resorts located on the Dalmatian Islands. The main resort of Montenegro is the Budva Riviera. Slovenia owns small and cozy towns on the coast: Portoroz, Isola, Piran and Koper, and Bosnia and Herzegovina - Neum. The most numerous resort cities in Italy - there are about ten of them, the most popular are Rimini, Cattolica, Igea Marina and Bellaria. Guests of Albania can relax in Durres and on the so-called. "The shore of flowers."

If you go, you will give them the best present.

The best adventure that you will remember for a lifetime.

What a magic word - the Adriatic ... It blows from the gentle sea breeze, smells of summer and freedom. The Adriatic is the magic of doing nothing, excursions to the most picturesque countries, ethnic songs of Italians, Albanians, Montenegrins ...

If someone wanted to determine which sea is the most “international”, then not the last place on the list would take It washes Italy, Croatia, Albania, Montenegro. Even in Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, tourists can relax on the Adriatic coast, although its length in these countries is minimal: 47 and 20 km. The resorts of the Adriatic Sea are as diverse as the countries whose shores it washes. In Italy, rest is more expensive, and the service is as close as possible to the European level. In Montenegro, modest conditions are quite consistent with relatively low prices. Even in Albania, extreme lovers can have a good time.

Adriatic Sea. Italian Resorts

The most famous on the coast of the inland, closed on three sides of the sea, is called the Adriatic Riviera. This is perhaps the most democratic holiday destination in Europe. Many hotels of different classes attract tourists not because of their fashionability, but because of their accessibility.
What attracts tourists here Resorts, in addition to accessibility, are distinguished by luxurious sandy beaches, an abundance of discos and nightclubs, sports facilities of various kinds. Young people here can have fun day and night, people of more respectable age will enjoy the wonderful nature and excellent service. Parents with young children will also find something to do: Mirabilandia, Fiabilandia, Aquafan and many water parks will not let kids or adults get bored. What is the difference between the “Italian” Adriatic Sea? Resorts here do not have pronounced boundaries, and smoothly pass one into another. Rimini, Riccione, Cattolica, Milano Marittima, Gabicce Mare, Pesaro ... The atmosphere of each of these cities is unique, and the rest is magnificent everywhere.

Adriatic Sea. Croatian Resorts

They are also great for relaxing children and parents. There are many hotels here, the service is quite consistent with the price level. But the beaches here are not sandy, but pebble. In some places there isn’t even pebbles: it is replaced by an artificial concrete coating. Only in the Dubrovnik area can you find sand or sand with pebbles. However, despite this, they occupy one of the first places in terms of quality. Thalassotherapy is developed here.

Adriatic Sea. Resorts of Slovenia

Slovenia pampers tourists from June to October. At this time, the sea is warm (24-25 ° C), and the air warms up to 30 ° C. Portoroz is the most expensive and prestigious resort in Slovenia, but there are many other, more affordable, but no less convenient and attractive. Isola is more suitable for children, Piran attracts history buffs, Strunjan delights vacationers with coniferous and olive groves. However, all the resorts of the Adriatic Sea located in Slovenia have their own zest. The resorts of Montenegro are also good.

Adriatic Sea. Resorts of Bosnia and Herzegovina

These countries account for only 20 km of the Adriatic coast. Here is the only resort - Neum. About how well to spend time in it, says the following: it is Neum that brings the largest revenues to the country's budget. Therefore, almost ideal conditions are created for tourists here.

The Adriatic Sea is beautiful in Albania too: it is shallow, warm, it has gently sloping sandy beaches. However, due to the instability of Albania, tourism there is not very developed. Therefore, it is better to choose other countries where the Adriatic Sea is. Resorts, the prices of which vary depending on conditions, offer a lot of options for a wide variety of recreation.

The Adriatic Sea is friendly, even in bad weather, and its coast is simply framed by some paradise landscapes - steep cliffs, mountains covered with forests, cypress and orange groves.

We lived on the Adriatic Sea, traveled several times along its entire east coast, and we can say with confidence that it is picturesque at any time of the day or year, so transparent that when you sail 40 meters from the shore, you will still see the bottom.

Adriatic swimming season begins in early May (as local people like to joke: “the sea is warm for Russians already in April”) and lasts until the end of September, and the water temperature in the Adriatic in summer rises to an average of 23 degrees Celsius.

Tivat

The city is small, but convenient in terms of logistics (the airport is located in Tivat), and it is in it that our favorite tourist complex of Montenegro - here, in addition to beaches, an outdoor pool and a yacht club, there is a spa complex, branded shops, a restaurant, a hotel and a night club. All this is compact, in one small territory.

Kotor

One of the most beautiful cities in the country. Here, relaxation is calmer, the atmosphere obliges you - the quiet Boka Kotor Bay, surrounded by mountains, there are no big waves, like in the open sea of \u200b\u200bBudva, the water in Kotor is as calm, a little sleepy, as the locals do.

Kotor beaches: Morinj (sandy and pebble, located on a cape, on the other side of the bay from the village of Dobrota), Baeva Kula (pebble, located between Perast and Kotor) and next to it Orahovac (also pebble).

IN Kotor hotels weren’t even considered, here the best option is to rent apartments with private individuals on Airbnb. It will be cheaper and more picturesque, and next to the beach.

Herceg Novi

The middle ground between Budva and By which in terms of liveliness. Herceg Novi (Herceg Novi) called the "Garden of Montenegro", so it is green and blooming. Here is a very beautiful old city with fortified towers, a maritime museum and small fashion shops.

Beaches of Greceg Novi: are located along the entire length of the city’s embankment one after another: Topla (concrete-sandy), the city beach of Herceg Novi (partially concrete, partially sandy, partially pebble), Savina (pebble, located next to the Perla hotel).

Since we have long and hard searched, changed, looked housing in Montenegrowe have in our reserves many good inexpensive options that we discuss separately in the article .

Croatian Resorts

Croatia - the country is small, but elongated and along its entire length (and this is about 1700 kilometers), it is washed by the Adriatic Sea. Coast of croatia a rocky island with a lot of lush green island (we just did not close our mouths from the beauty of the species while driving along the road along the sea).

Croatia beaches rocky and pebble, almost no sand, and the sea on the territory of this country is some kind of especially clear and azure. We are not the ultimate truth, of course, but when we see the Adriatic in 5 different countries, we confidently declare that its most beautiful places are in Croatia.

The main beach resorts of Croatia:

Dubrovnik

Resorts of Slovenia

Slovenia's coastline is very small (45 kilometers), and the sea is slightly cooler than in Croatia and Montenegro - the season lasts from June to September, but nevertheless there are several cozy budget resorts, which are no less picturesque than in neighboring countries, but tourists are much less. Generally Adriatic coast of Slovenia for those who love a calm and quiet beach holiday.

Portoroz

The main and only major resort in Slovenia. Here, everything, as it should be in the seaside resort town - a pier with yachts, a promenade with lanterns, street cafes and fashion shops - this is a demo version of the French Cote d'Azur, only with more adequate prices and, by the way, thermal mineral springs.

Portoroz beaches: the city has the only sandy beach on the entire Slovenian coast, along which all the major hotels are located.

Piran

In 20 minutes walk (yes, in Slovenia such meters) from Portoroz, there is another resort town of Piran. It is less hotel-restaurant than Portoroz, but more colorful with its medieval streets, a quiet promenade and a tiny pier. Piran is more Italian than Slovenian; it’s not far from the border.

The beaches of Piran: there is only one beach - urban (pebble).

Here it is the eastern Adriatic - here pines alternate with cypresses, the smell of oranges gives way to the smell of roses, rocks cut into transparent azure, and coastal towns await their guests. Come to these places - you will be pleasantly surprised by the scenery, and the prices, and the hospitality of the locals.

Conclusion

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