Moscow Kremlin - all the towers of the Kremlin, the history of construction. Moscow Kremlin, past and present Secret passages in the Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin is located. The history of our Motherland is reflected in each of its buildings. These are ancient cannons and bells, cathedrals and palaces, museums and the residence of the President of Russia. High walls and loopholes tell us that this powerful and majestic building is a fortress. At the same time, this building also reflects the spiritual life of Russia. The Kremlin in Moscow is an all-Russian national shrine, a symbol of Russia.

The ensemble of the Kremlin in Moscow includes the fortress itself with its powerful walls and towers, as well as temples and chambers, majestic palaces and grand administrative buildings. These are ensembles of squares - Cathedral and Ivanovskaya, Senate and Palace, Trinity, as well as streets - Spasskaya, Borovitskaya and Palace.

Moscow Kremlin towers

The walls of the Moscow Kremlin have 20 towers, among which there are no identical ones. The history of Moscow began at the Borovitsky Gates. Here is one of the southwestern towers of the Kremlin wall - Borovitskaya. It goes to the Alexander Garden and Borovitskaya Square. According to legend, her name comes from the forest that covered one of the seven hills on which Moscow stands.

Cathedrals of the Moscow Kremlin

The architectural ensemble of the Moscow Kremlin includes eight cathedrals. One of the main temples of the Russian state - Uspensky. It hosted the coronation of emperors, the crowning of the kingdom, the election of the heads of the Russian Orthodox Church and the burial of metropolitans and patriarchs. Now here you can see the prayer place of Ivan the Terrible, especially valuable icons, a necropolis and a majestic iconostasis.

Blagoveshchensky cathedral served as the personal temple of the Grand Dukes and Tsars of Moscow. It is believed that some of the icons of the temple were created by Andrei Rublev, as well as Theophan the Greek.

Cathedral of the Archangel was the ancestral tomb of the great princes and kings. It has 47 tombstones and 2 shrines. Grand Dukes Ivan Kalita and Dmitry Donskoy, Ivan III and Ivan the Terrible, Tsarevich Dmitry and Tsars Mikhail and Alexei Romanovs are buried here. The image of "Archangel Michael with deeds" created during the Battle of Kulikovo can be seen in the iconostasis of the temple.

The house church of Russian metropolitans and patriarchs is a small Church of the Deposition of the Robe. In it, in a single ensemble, a four-tiered iconostasis in a silver frame and wall paintings are presented.

To the north of the Assumption Church and the bell tower of Ivan the Great are Patriarchal Chambers and small five-domed temple of the Twelve Apostles, built by Russian masters Antip Konstantinov and Bazhen Ogurtsov.

ten-headed St. Basil's Cathedral been in danger of demolition many times. Napoleon in 1812 dreamed of taking him to Paris, and later wanted to blow him up. In Soviet times, the cathedral interfered with the passage of demonstrations and they also wanted to destroy it.

To the east of the Terem Palace are four house churches: St. Catherine and Verkhospassky Cathedral, the Church of the Crucifixion of Christ and the Church of the Resurrection of the Word.

Moscow Kremlin - history and architecture

The first mention of Moscow is found in the annals and refers to 1147. In 1156, the first wooden walls were built on the banks of the Moskva River and the mouth of the Neglinnaya River. Rus' at that time was divided into separate principalities, therefore, in 1238, it could not resist the invasion of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Moscow was devastated and the Kremlin burned.

During the reign of Ivan Kalita, the Moscow principality was strengthened and the Kremlin was rebuilt. Stone churches, cathedrals and strong oak walls were built. By decree of Prince Dmitry Donskoy, the grandson of Ivan Kalita, in 1367 white-stone walls and towers were erected. Moscow began to be called white-stone. Under Grand Duke Ivan III, the territory of the Kremlin expanded, a moat was dug around the walls. Together with foreign architects, the Assumption and Annunciation churches, the Faceted Chamber and the Ivan the Great Bell Tower (watch tower) are being built. The Archangel Temple was founded. With the flourishing of culture and architecture in the 17th century, the buildings of the Kremlin were also transformed. High brick tents with tile coverings and gilded weathercocks appeared on the Kremlin towers.

At the beginning of the 18th century, by decree of Peter I, the building of the Arsenal was laid. With the transfer of the capital to St. Petersburg, the Kremlin remained in an abandoned state. Almost all wooden buildings were destroyed by fires and were not restored.

Its construction began only in the second half of the 18th century. According to the project of the architect M. F. Kazakov, the building of the Senate is being built. Under the leadership of the architect Ivan Egotov, the first building for the Armory was built. During the War of 1812, Napoleon decided to blow up the Kremlin during his retreat. Only thanks to the courage of the Muscovites, he was miraculously saved. Soon all the damaged buildings were restored.

In 1917, the capture of the Kremlin completed the revolution in Moscow. In March 1918, the Soviet government moved here from Petrograd. Today, the residence of the President of Russia is located here.

On the territory of the Kremlin of Moscow, the State Museum Complex was created, which includes the Armory and churches (Assumption, Arkhangelsk and Blagoveshchensk), the Church of the Deposition of the Robe and the Patriarchal Chambers with the Church of the Twelve Apostles, the ensemble of the Ivan the Great Bell Tower, as well as collections of artillery pieces and bells. The complex of the Kremlin and Red Square in 1990 were included in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List as one of the outstanding historical monuments of the planet.

The architecture of the Moscow Kremlin allows you to get a complete picture of how the center of the Russian capital was originally arranged. includes temples, squares, chambers, buildings. Today, all these are sights, which guests and tourists come to see from all over Russia and from abroad.

Kremlin construction

The architecture of the Moscow Kremlin was formed at the end of the 15th century. The main towers and walls were built in 1485-1495. Red brick and white stone with lime mortar were used. It is worth noting that local craftsmen were not sufficiently qualified for such work. Therefore, foreign experts were invited. Ivan III hired architects from Italy to build the Moscow Kremlin.

However, some towers were nevertheless erected by Russian masters. The fact is that their shape resembles characteristic wooden structures. As you know, at that time carpentry in Rus' reached its perfection, which was facilitated by the universal material itself, and work was constantly required, since periodically large fires destroyed all buildings. To avoid this, stone was used in the construction of the Moscow Kremlin.

Assumption Cathedral

One of the main buildings of this architectural ensemble is the Assumption Cathedral. It was erected on the site of the first stone cathedral in Ivan Kalita in the first half of the 14th century. The architecture of the Moscow Kremlin is largely determined by this building.

The cathedral began to be erected in 1475. A similar religious building in Vladimir of the 12th century was taken as a model. Thus, the continuity of Moscow in relation to Vladimir, which was previously considered one of the main cities of Rus', was once again emphasized.

For the next 400 years it was the main temple in Rus'. It was here that all the rulers were crowned to the kingdom. The main entrance is located on the side of Cathedral Square. The entrance to this one is, as it were, guarded by the Archangel Michael, whose figure is depicted above the arch. Still higher is the Virgin and Child.

The iconostasis, which we can see today in the Assumption Cathedral, was completed by the icon painters of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra in the middle of the 17th century.

During the Patriotic War of 1812, the buildings of the Moscow Kremlin were looted and devastated. This cathedral was no exception. Part of the loot from the French was later recaptured by the Russian Cossacks.

Blagoveshchensky cathedral

The architecture of the Moscow Kremlin cannot be imagined without the Cathedral of the Annunciation. It is located in the southwestern part of Cathedral Square. It was built at the end of the 15th century. The work was carried out by Pskov masters.

During the reign of Ivan the Terrible, a porch with a high porch made of white stone was added.

This Kremlin was built in the traditions of early Moscow architecture. Today, the murals of the cathedral, which appeared at the beginning of the 16th century, are of great interest. The main merit belongs to the artel of artists, which was led by Theodosius and his son Dionysius. Lots of stories about the Apocalypse. You can also find secular motifs. For example, Russian princes and Byzantine emperors.

The floor of this cathedral is unique. It was laid out with a special tile of precious agate jasper.

Cathedral of the Archangel

This cathedral within the walls of the Moscow Kremlin appeared at the beginning of the 16th century. It was erected by the invited Italian architect Aleviz Novy. At the same time, he followed the traditions of Russian architecture. The features of the Italian Renaissance are visible only in the rich decoration of the temple.

Its construction was carried out on the site of the ancient Archangel Cathedral, which was erected by Ivan Kalita in the 14th century, in memory of the deliverance of the capital from general famine. It was dismantled due to tightness, making room for a more spacious temple.

The cathedral is crowned with five domes. The central one is gilded, and the side ones are simply painted with silver paint. Carved white stone portals are made in the style of the Italian Renaissance.

During the capture of the capital by Napoleon, a wine warehouse was located here. The French set up a kitchen on the altar, and stole all the valuables.

Church of the Deposition of the Robe

The small church, built by domestic craftsmen at the end of the 15th century, is also noteworthy. It appeared on the site of the old wooden church of the Deposition of the Robe, which was built after the Tatars retreated from Moscow.

In 1451, they came close to the city, but did not storm it, but retreated, leaving behind all the loot. The Orthodox Church gave this a religious significance, considering it a miracle. In reality, the Tatars retreated due to political differences between the military leaders.

The new church was seriously damaged by fire in 1737. It was restored by the architect Michurin.

Armouries

The chambers of the Moscow Kremlin today are of great interest to tourists. The first mention of the valuables that are today in the Armory can be found in 1339. Even during the time of Ivan Kalita, the formation of princely treasures began. Among them were jewelry, dishes, church vessels, expensive clothes and weapons.

At the end of the 15th century, one of the centers of Russian art crafts was located here. In addition, gifts from foreign embassies were brought here. Pearls, ceremonial horse harness.

By 1485, the treasury had grown so much that it was decided to build a separate two-story stone building between the Cathedral of the Annunciation and the Archangel. It was called the Treasury.

Faceted Chamber

The Faceted Chamber of the Moscow Kremlin is one of the few parts of the palace that have been preserved since the time of Ivan III. This was his grand throne room. This is the oldest civil stone building in Moscow.

It was built in 4 years masters with the help of invited Italians - Pietro Solari and Marco Ruffo.

The chamber is a square hall in which they rely on a pillar in the center of the room. The hall, 9 meters high, is illuminated by well-placed 18 windows, as well as by four massive chandeliers. The total area of ​​the Faceted Chamber of the Moscow Kremlin is almost 500 square meters.

At the end of the 16th century, its walls were painted with church and biblical scenes. For centuries, the most important events in the history of the Russian state were celebrated here. Foreign embassies and delegations were received here, the Zemsky Sobor met. The victories of Russian weapons were regularly celebrated in the Palace of Facets. For example, Ivan the Terrible and Peter I celebrated the victory at Poltava over the Swedes.

Red Square

The Red Square of the Moscow Kremlin appeared in the 15th century. Today it is one of the symbols not only of the capital, but also of the country, its calling card.

It was laid by Ivan III, who ordered to demolish all the wooden buildings around the Kremlin. Since they seriously threatened him with a fire. This place, by his order, was taken under trade. Therefore, Red Square was originally called Torg. True, this did not last long.

Already in the 16th century it was renamed Troitskaya. Due to the nearby Church of the Holy Trinity. Later, St. Basil's Cathedral appeared in its place. Judging by the documents, in the 17th century the square was called Pozhar. At the same time, one should not forget an interesting toponymic feature of Ancient Rus'. At that time, the same object could have several official names at the same time.

Red Square officially became known as such only in the 19th century. Although in some documents this name is found as early as the 17th century. The meaning of this name, according to Vladimir Dahl's dictionary, is that our ancestors used the word "red" to mean beautiful, excellent.

Over the centuries, on the example of Red Square, one can trace how the Moscow Kremlin has changed. In the XV century, it appeared here with the famous towers - the Senate, Spasskaya and Nikolskaya. In the XVI century St. Basil's Cathedral and the Place of execution. In the 19th century - the Historical Museum, the Upper Trading Rows, which are now called GUM, a monument to Minin and Pozharsky. The 20th century brought the Mausoleum and the necropolis near the Kremlin wall to Red Square.

St Basil's Church

This temple was built in the middle of the 16th century. It was erected in honor of the capture of Kazan by Russian troops. The building is a grandiose structure of 9 pillars that rise above the basement, connected by a gallery. The composition is united by a central pillar, which is crowned with tents with a decorative cupola at the top. Many specially come to Moscow to see this temple with their own eyes.

The central tent is surrounded by eight pillars. All the others end with onion-shaped heads.

From the side of the Spasskaya Tower, two porches lead to the terrace of the temple. From there you can get to the bypass gallery. Tourists and residents of the capital are still impressed by the coloring of the temple, even though it was made several centuries ago. St. Basil's Cathedral was painted by real masters. They used exclusively natural colors in combination with white stone and red brick. Of the latter, the smallest details are made. The bright painting was made in the 17th century. When later extensions appeared, they placed a bell tower and a chapel of the temple in the northeast. The names of the architects who built this iconic religious building have come down to our time. Their names were Posnik and Barma.

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The Kremlin or Kremenets in Rus' has long been called a stone fortress, which reliably protected from enemies from the West and East. But only the Moscow Kremlin acquired the status of a sacred symbol, embodying the power of a great country. Behind its redbrick walls are government buildings and a gigantic museum complex containing hundreds of thousands of artifacts that tell about the history and culture of Russia. Archaeological work does not stop for a day, revealing new secrets of the most unusual place in our country.

Kremlin walls and towers

At the end of the 15th century, Tsar Ivan III launched a large-scale construction on Borovitsky Hill. The Italians were considered the best fortifiers of that time, so the emperor invited Milanese craftsmen to build the fortress. And they did not disgrace the glory of their workshop, having built not only a powerful defensive line, but also a complete architectural ensemble. None of the 20 towers is repeated, the walls are decorated with dovetailed merlon teeth. Only hipped roofs appeared much later.

View of the palace from the Moskva River

The long 125-meter facade of the palace stretches along the embankment of the Moscow River. Almost all Russians recognize its appearance, even those who have never been to the capital. The huge palace appeared in the Kremlin in the middle of the 19th century, during the reign of Emperor Nicholas I. And the famous Russian architect Konstantin Andreevich Ton became the author of the architectural design of the palace building.

The idea to build a new palace in Moscow was born after Russia's victory in the Patriotic War of 1812. The burnt-out city was rebuilt, and the Russian tsar wanted a new building to appear in it, which could emphasize Moscow's connection with folk traditions. Nicholas I dreamed that the palace would turn into a monument to all Russian soldiers. In accordance with the wishes of the sovereign, the architect prepared a project for the building in the so-called pseudo-Russian style. Construction took 10 years and was completed in 1849.

The majestic palace rises to 47 m, and the total area of ​​​​its premises is 25 thousand square meters. m. This is not a single building, but a whole architectural complex, which includes nine temples and chambers of the 16th-17th centuries, the Terem Palace, 700 halls and rooms, as well as a long vestibule.

The main palace halls are named after Russian orders. State awards and credentials are presented in the five most luxuriously decorated halls. In addition, official celebrations are held here.

Although today this palace is considered the residence of the President of the country, you can get inside it. Tours of the palace premises are allowed for organized groups, subject to prior booking.

Terem Palace

View of the southern facade of the palace

The complex of the Grand Kremlin Palace includes a unique five-story building that appeared in the heart of the city at the beginning of the 16th century. This is an unusual Terem Palace, the author of the initial project of which was the famous Italian master of architecture Aleviz Fryazin. The building received its final appearance in the 1630s, when Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich ruled Russia.

In the first half of the 17th century, most city buildings were wooden. When a stone five-story building was erected in the Kremlin, Muscovites perceived it as a real miracle! The inhabitants were especially impressed by the uppermost floor - the golden-domed Teremok, in which the Boyar Duma then met.

The Terem Palace is made of stone in the tradition of Russian wooden architecture, and its interiors are richly decorated with colorful wall paintings. Colored glass is inserted into the palace windows, and there are tiled stoves and carved wooden furniture in the rooms.

Arsenal

Arsenal building

The first building of the arsenal was built at the beginning of the 18th century. In 1737, the so-called Great or Trinity Fire took place in Moscow, as a result of which the city center was almost completely burned out. Strongly got from the fire and the Kremlin arsenal.

At the end of the 18th century, the arsenal was restored under the guidance of the famous architect Matvey Kazakov. However, during the war of 1812 the building was damaged again. French troops retreating from Moscow blew up the Kremlin storehouse. That two-story building, which has survived to this day, was erected in the traditions of classicism in 1815-1828.

The square building stands near the Nikolskaya Tower. You can't get inside it. Today, the historical building houses the services of the commandant's office and the premises where the military personnel of the Presidential Regiment live. These are the soldiers who guard the Kremlin and take part in the guard of honor at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and near the Eternal Flame.

State Kremlin Palace

View of the Kremlin Palace from Senate Square

The "youngest" palace building on the Kremlin territory appeared in 1961. Before the collapse of the USSR, it was called the "Kremlin Palace of Congresses". A new spacious palace was built for public and official events. Its light facades are impressive. They are lined with beautiful Ural marble and anodized aluminum.

In the 1960s-1980s, participants of party congresses came here. Nowadays, performances and theatrical performances are shown in a large building, and on New Year's Eve the palace gathers children to the country's main Christmas tree.

Senate Palace

View of the domed hall of the Senate from the courtyard

A beautiful palace for meetings of the Governing Senate was erected by order of Catherine II in the 1770-1780s. The Russian Empress entrusted the construction of the palace to Matvey Kazakov, and the eminent architect prepared a brilliant project of a triangular building in the best traditions of classicism.

Many well-known statesmen of Russia have visited this palace, and various bodies of Russian power have sat in it. In the 1920s, V.I. Lenin, and later in the majestic building of Kazakov, the government of the USSR held its meetings.

The rounded dome of the Senate Palace is perfectly visible from Red Square. Below it is a spacious Catherine Hall, where all major events are held with the participation of the President of the country. A richly decorated marble staircase leads to the entrance to the hall.

The dome rises 29 meters above the floor of Catherine's Hall. Sections of the walls between the window openings look very solemn. They are decorated with bas-reliefs depicting portraits of Russian princes and tsars. Today, the Senate Palace houses the working and representative offices of the President, as well as the presidential library.

Faceted Chamber

View of the Palace of Facets from Cathedral Square

The expressive building of the Faceted Chamber belongs to the ancient Kremlin palaces. It was built at the end of the 15th century by Marco Ruffo and Pietro Antonio Solari (Peter Fryazin), Italian architects who worked for Tsar John III.

The palace got its name because of the decoration of the facade on the eastern side with faceted or “diamond” rustication. This is how rich Italian palaces were decorated during the Renaissance. The Faceted Chamber played the role of the reception rooms of the Grand Dukes. The Boyar Duma met in it and the Zemsky Sobors were held. The victories of the Russian army were celebrated in this palace more than once. And along the Red Porch, the sovereigns passed to the coronation ceremony at the Assumption Cathedral.

Nowadays, the old chamber is used as one of the presidential residences, and the residence of the patriarch is equipped in the basement of the building. The building can be visited with a guided tour.

funny palace

View of the Poteshny Palace from the Alexander Garden

Not far from the Trinity Tower, near the Kremlin wall, there is a small palace, which was built in the middle of the 17th century for the father-in-law of the Russian sovereign, stolnik and boyar Ilya Miloslavsky. At a later time, entertainments of the royal family took place here, which is why the palace got its name. The upper tier of the boyar mansion looks like a tower. Tourists are not allowed inside the palace, as the services of the Commandant's Office of the Kremlin are located there.

How to get there

You can get to the territory of the Moscow Kremlin from the stations of the Moscow metro "Library named after Lenin", "Alexander Garden" and "Borovitskaya".

The Moscow Kremlin is a historical, cultural and religious complex in the center of Moscow, an ancient fortress with a unique ensemble of monuments, included in the UNESCO heritage list, as well as the official residence of the President of Russia.

The Kremlin is located on the left bank of the Moskva River, on Borovitsky Hill. In its current state, the area of ​​the Kremlin in Moscow is 27.5 hectares.

The modern State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve "Moscow Kremlin" was organized in October 1991 on the basis of not only the Armory, but also the Museum of Applied Arts created in the Soviet years, as well as the Kremlin cathedrals, which were already museum sites at that time.

Currently, the list of museums of the Moscow Kremlin includes:

• Armouries;
• Complex of the Patriarch's Chambers;
• Assumption Cathedral;
• Cathedral of the Archangel;
• Blagoveshchensky cathedral;
• Church of the Deposition of the Robe;
• Ensemble of the bell tower "Ivan the Great".

Information about exhibitions is updated on the website of the State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve "Moscow Kremlin".

Please note: The Moscow Kremlin museums DO NOT include the Diamond Fund, the Grand Kremlin Palace and the Lenin Mausoleum.

Concerts in the Kremlin in Moscow

The main concert venue on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin is the State Kremlin Palace, built in 1961, until 1992 it was called the Kremlin Palace of Congresses. From the first days of operation, the palace combines the functions of a theater and concert venue and a venue for socio-political forums.

Now the best symphony orchestras, jazz and vocal groups, individual performers are performing on the Kremlin stage; major music competitions are held. The building houses the Kremlin Ballet Theater with a regular program.

The poster of concerts in the Kremlin in 2019 is available on the website of the State Kremlin Palace.

Concert events within the framework of festivals and exhibitions are held in the museum premises of the Kremlin.

Scheme of the Moscow Kremlin

The Kremlin towers, squares, sights on the territory, museum ticket offices are marked and signed on the map-scheme.

Prices in the Moscow Kremlin in 2019

Established prices in the museum-reserve:

• The territory of the Kremlin and the exhibition - 700 rubles, 350 rubles. — for students and pensioners;
• Two cathedrals - 700 rubles. for an adult, 350 rubles. — for students and pensioners;
• Armory - 1000 rubles. for an adult, 500 rubles. - for students and pensioners.

Free admission to the Kremlin museums for persons under 16 and special categories of citizens.

It is also recommended to check the cost of tickets on the website of the Kremlin Museums, tickets to the Armory are sold online.

Prices for visiting other exhibition sites in the Kremlin:

• Diamond Fund - 500 rubles. full, 100 rubles. preferential.
• The mausoleum is located outside the Kremlin, on Red Square. Entrance is free, but getting into the mausoleum is problematic due to the specific work schedule: these are Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Saturday from 10:00 to 13:00.

Opening hours of the Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin Museum-Reserve operates according to the following schedule:

• Museum opening hours - from 10:00 to 17:00;
• Ticket offices are open from 9:30 to 16:30;
• Day off is Thursday.

Separate schedule at the Armory: from 10:00 to 18:00, except Thursday. Attention - visiting only by sessions: 10:00, 12:00, 14:30, 16:30.

The Diamond Fund in the Armory building is available from 10:00 to 17:20, except Thursday. Sessions are every 20 minutes.

How to get to the Moscow Kremlin

Entrance to the territory of the Moscow Kremlin for most visitors is available only with tickets. Ticket offices are located in the Alexander Garden, a map of their location is on the website of the Kremlin museums.

An important point: with printouts of tickets purchased online, you also need to go to the box office to exchange them for entrance tickets. Similarly, for all citizens who have the right to free admission to the Kremlin: you need to go to the box office with supporting documents and get a ticket for free admission.

To avoid standing in queues for tickets, you can book a guided tour.

The entrance to the Armory and the Diamond Fund is through the Borovitsky Gate. The main entrance to the Kremlin is through the Kutafya Tower (ticket control and inspection), connected by the Trinity Bridge to the Trinity Tower (in fact, the entrance to the Kremlin for tourists).

Excursions to the Kremlin in Moscow

Cognitive excursions to the Moscow Kremlin are held for groups of adults and schoolchildren, individually. The sightseeing route covers the ensemble of the museum complex, as well as the most significant sights on its territory. The guides tell about the history of the Kremlin walls, towers, palaces and museums, about clocks, the Tsar Cannon and the treasures of Tsarist Russia.

You can order a tour of the Kremlin on the project by sending an application to the selected guide or company.

The virtual tour of the Kremlin in 2003-2005 has already become historic. All materials are available on the official website of the presidential administration.

How to get to the Kremlin in Moscow

Public transport to the historical center of Moscow - metro and buses. It is convenient to get from all stations of the capital, remote areas.

How to get to the Kremlin in Moscow by metro

The nearest metro stations to the Kremlin are Alexandrovsky Sad, Biblioteka im. Lenin", "Borovitskaya" form a single interchange hub together with the station "Arbatskaya", but the exit from it is to the side, it is better to follow the signs to the exit from the station "Alexandrovsky Sad" from the side of the Kutafya tower in the subway.

Not far from the junction of the Okhotny Ryad, Teatralnaya, Ploshchad Revolyutsii stations, but this option is more relevant for those who get to Teatralnaya along the Zamoskvoretskaya line and do not want to make a transfer for the sake of just one more station en route.

Buses to the Moscow Kremlin

Bus stop next to the entrance to the Kremlin through the Kutafya tower - "Metro" Library named after Lenin "". Suitable flights are 144, K, m1, m2, m3, m60 m27, H1, H2.

Panorama of the Moscow Kremlin from Google Maps. Start of the tour from Trinity Bridge

Video "Moscow Kremlin from a bird's eye view"