On which river is the city of Munich located? Population of Munich: size, ethnic composition. Munich nightlife

In this article you will learn:

Munich is one of the largest cities in southern Germany, founded in 1158 and is the capital. It is a large rapidly developing industrial center. Electrical, engineering, printing, sewing and chemical enterprises are located here.

The scientific sphere is widely developed in Munich. It is home to many universities, as well as one of the largest European public libraries.

Munich is known for its large brewing production and drinking tradition. Munich breweries serve - festivities, beer festival, famous throughout the world. It is celebrated on a grand scale in September-October of each year on Terezin Meadow.

Story

The status of the city of Munich was given by the Bavarian ruler Heinrich the Lion. Soon city walls were erected around the settlement, and the long and rich history of Munich began. After the unification of all the duchies of Bavaria, which occurred in 1507, it becomes its full capital. During the course of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Maximilian, who at that time was the Duke of Bavaria, took an active part in it. At one time, Napoleon visited Munich on a friendly visit. In 1818, the Constitution of Bavaria was adopted for the first time.

The First World War is memorable for Munich because it was heavily bombed. And the post-war period was a difficult period for the city. The beer putsch marked the year 1923. Then Hitler carried out the first unsuccessful attempt at a coup d'état, during which he was arrested. But, this did not prevent the city from remaining the main city of the National Socialists.

Beer coup "We want beer"

During World War II, the city was heavily damaged. During the post-war reconstruction, it was decided to follow the original layout as accurately as possible. Today in Munich there is a fairly high standard of living - high-quality and comfortable. It is a city characterized by a thriving economy and a wide variety of cultural life.

Attractions

Munich is a museum city, a place of accumulation of masterpiece architectural monuments, a venue for Oktoberfest and just a city worthy of the attention of a tourist. There are so many attractions in Munich and its environs that it is simply impossible to list everything. But the places that every tourist must see will be described below.

Marienplatz and New Town Hall

The center of Munich is crowned by the main square of the city of Marienplatz with a Gothic palace called the New Town Hall. According to historical data, the town hall was built in the late 19th - early 20th century, although looking at it one gets the impression that it is much older and has been standing on this site for more than one hundred years.

Marienplatz and Frauenkirche (in the background)

Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Frauenkirche)

Tallest building in Munich. The authorities are forbidden to erect buildings higher than the Cathedral of the Blessed Mary.

The cathedral, in fact, is the crypt of the Wittelsbach family, who ruled in Bavaria for over 700 years.

The cathedral was built in the Gothic style and looks majestic, but for some reason it is not very welcomed by the locals, who speak contemptuously about this landmark of Munich.

Outwardly, the impressive and solid temple does not make the proper impression when visiting it, inside, according to the reviews of numerous visitors, it is uncomfortable, cold and miserable. Perhaps the attitude of local residents is influenced by the political background of the temple ministers and their arrogance towards their parishioners, although this is another story.

Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary

old town hall

This building is much more laconic, does not have such finesse of decoration as the New Town Hall, and dates from earlier years of construction.

old town hall

Glyptothek

Place of accumulation of works of ancient sculptors of ancient Rome and ancient Greece. The museum was founded under King Charles I. Statues of various mythical characters can be seen in the Munich Glyptothek.

Glyptothek

Monument Museum Dachau

This is probably one of the scariest museums of our time. A museum saturated with heavy energy, filled with the memory of the thousands of deaths of children, women and men during the Second World War. The museum is based on the site of a former Nazi concentration camp. Only the sculpture erected at the entrance to the museum conveys the whole tragedy of those times.

Monument Museum Dachau

St. Peter's Church

The oldest landmark in Munich with an ancient history, the church has survived many fires and reconstructions, after which it successfully combines various styles of architecture.

Peterskirche church

Church of St. John Nepomuk

This temple is better known as the Azamkirche Church. This name originated among the people due to the fact that it was the Azam brothers who erected this temple on a small piece of land, they managed to erect a truly fundamental work of architectural art. The interior of the church is stunning with splendor.

Church of St. John Nepomuk

Olympic Park

The Munich Olympic Park was built to host the 1972 Summer Olympics. This is a favorite place for recreation among the residents of Munich, various cultural events are held here. The Olympic complexes serve as training and sports bases for the training of athletes and for ordinary citizens to go in for sports.

Olympic Park

BMW Museum

The sanctuary of fans of the German car brand is the BMW Museum. The whole history of the creation of one of the favorite brands of the German car industry. More than 120 car models, from the very first to the latest developments of the corporation. Huge selection of motorcycles. Men will definitely appreciate this museum, but girls will also be interested there.

The museum's opening hours are from 10 am to 6 pm daily, except Mondays. Ticket price from 6 (children) to 12 (adult) euros. Discounts for families and groups.

The museum is located 15 minutes from Munich.

Oktoberfest

The main influx of tourists in Munich coincides with the main event of Bavaria -. Hundreds and thousands of tourists from all over the world come to this grand celebration dedicated to the favorite drink of the Bavarians. Beer flows like water, tons of sausages are eaten, a joyful mood reigns everywhere. Many connoisseurs of a foamy drink dream of a vacation in Munich at Oktoberfest.

Oktoberfest

One of the largest museums of scientific and technological achievements is located in the city. The Toy Museum is one of the unusual museums.

Toy Museum Munich

A trip to Munich and acquaintance with its main attractions will surely be remembered by every traveler. The capital of Bavaria warmly and cordially welcomes visitors!

Sport

The variety of varieties presented in Munich allows everyone to find something to their liking. Close proximity to the Alps gave impetus to the rapid development of skiing and tourism.

Seasonal mass roller skating through the streets of the city on Monday evening of every week has become traditional. Also, the tradition included marathon races, which are organized twice a year.

In the summer season, beach volleyball is very popular, tournaments are held on large beaches.

Of particular note is football. - the most famous German football club, which has a huge number of titles. The famous Allianz Arena is the home stadium of the grandiose club. Also in Munich, hockey and basketball are well developed. At one time, the city hosted the Olympic Games and the world championships in football and ice hockey.

club Bayern Munich

Transport

The main urban transport can be called trains and metro. Munich has a well-developed bus and tram network. Munich's main railway station has a huge passenger flow and serves more than three hundred thousand passengers a day. In addition, the East Station and Munich-Pasing in the west operate. Regional and international high-speed trains pass through them.

Munich Airport is one of the largest airports in Germany, handling up to fifty million passengers a year.

The cheapest tickets from Moscow to Munich and back

Munich is an important part of the highways of the southern part of Germany. From it originates movement to various parts of the country. From it you can go to Austria and Italy.

There are several transport rings in the city: the old city, the autobahn and the middle one. Traffic on cars is greatly complicated by constant traffic jams.

Taxi

A taxi in the city is not cheap, the landing costs 3.5 euros, plus you pay 1.5 -1.8 euros for each kilometer. Also, if you have large luggage, the taxi driver will charge you 1.2 euros.

Bicycles

Munich is a city where cycling is well developed. It will cost you 3 euros per hour to rent a bike. Gathered to ride all day - 15 euros. (As elsewhere, you will be charged a deposit - 50 euros).

Excursions

If you are going to visit Munich, the Tripster service will help you choose an excursion to your liking. Excellent guides or ordinary people living in Munich are ready to show you the city, its sights and beauties.

Where to stay in Munich

We suggest you take a look at the hotels that are located near the city center.

If you happen to travel around Germany, then by all means one of the points of travel will certainly be the capital of Bavaria, the city of Munich. One of the ancient cities in Europe. Located on the Isar River in southern Germany.

Munich, photo mirlos25

Munich has been leading its history since 1158, when the city was first mentioned in historical documents. This date became the starting point for the people of Munich. From it the city conducts its chronology. Although Munich received the status of a city only in 1175. The history of Munich is so rich that more than one work has been written on it. Even listing the main historical events would take more than one hour. Munich then became a duchy, then a federal state.

Even the whole of Bavaria was divided into two states. And Munich itself has always been and remains one of the main cultural, economic and historical cities of Europe. And there were plenty of sad pages in his history. Recall that the King of Bavaria was overthrown in Munich Ludwig III and the creation of the Bavarian Republic was announced (in 1918). After that, a new uprising led to the creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic. Although it did not last long. And the saddest thing for all Bavarians is that German fascism has reared its head here. It was from the Munich pub that Hitler began his bloody procession. Munich residents consider this the blackest old woman in the history of the city.

How to get to Munich

Going from Berlin to Munich, I would prefer to travel by high-speed train. But in order to enjoy the trip to the fullest, you need to take a ticket for the train going through Nuremberg. And that's why. From Nuremberg towards Munich, almost half way, you will fly at a speed of under 300 km/h. It will ride at the speed of a propeller-driven aircraft on the ground, this is not even a trip, but an attraction. On the rest of the way, the speed will be in the range of 160-250 km/h. Only in small areas, the speed of the train drops below 160 km/h.

Sights of Munich

New Town Hall (Neues Rathaus), photo by Suvad Sulic

Arriving in Munich, first of all, tourists usually go to the Old Town, in the very center of which there is a square Marienplatz. The square got its name from the marble figure of the Virgin Mary, who is considered the patroness of the city. Here, your eyes will open the central spectacle of the city - this town hall. Stretching along the square for more than a hundred meters, the building of the town hall, in full length, is decorated with figures of dukes, kings, saints. And as a crown, the main tower is 85 meters high. Here you need to know what time it is desirable to be on the square, near the town hall. There is a city clock on the tower. At eleven in the morning, at noon and at five in the evening, a whole performance unfolds. When the clock strikes, the mechanical figures begin to move, arranging a whole spectacle. By the way, they look small only due to the height at which the chimes are located. In general, the height of the figures, in the growth of an adult. So, when you come to Munich, try not to miss this spectacle.

Having admired, you can head south, towards the cathedral St. Peter's. We will not dwell on the description of the cathedrals. Only by seeing these historical monuments with your own eyes, you can appreciate them. It is worth adding that the cathedral is the oldest church in the city. It was erected in the XIV century. Not far from it is Church of the Holy Spirit, built around the same time. But it acquired its present appearance after it was rebuilt four centuries later, in the Baroque style.

On the other side of the square are the old Isar Gate, with two towers. Moving along the streets around the square, you will see all the most wonderful buildings of the Old Town. You will not be able to pass by the most beautiful cathedral Asamkirche. Then you should head to the square Frauenplatz. There is a two tower Church of the Holy Mother of God. It should be noted that this monumental structure, with its dimensions, was built very quickly. In just 26 years. For the Middle Ages, a very good indicator.

You cannot describe all the sights of Munich. But the palace should be added to the list of priority places. Erzbischofliches Palais, castle Praising, Cathedral Frauenkirche. An amazing legend is connected with the latter. Allegedly, Satan himself decided to destroy the cathedral. Yet the Frauenkirche survived. All the saints came to his defense. You will even be shown the trace left by Satan, from his claws and tail. And to believe or not, in the veracity of the legend, it's up to you.

Of course, you can not get around such a world-famous attraction as the great Bavarian beer. The most famous pub Hofbräuhaus was founded in the sixteenth century.

And do not try beer in Munich Paulaner, Hacker-Pschorr, Spaten, Lowenbrau, Hofbrau and Augustiner is to commit a crime and offend the inhabitants of the city. But be careful. If you set a goal to try all sorts of beer in one day, then this will end in a loss of orientation in space. There are so many of them here that any most sophisticated lover of a foamy drink can confidently say: "I have tried so few beers in my life." But the most expanse comes at the time Oktoberfest, the biggest beer festival. If you are a big fan of it, you should go to Munich, if only for the sake of it. It's like making a pilgrimage to beer heaven.

Munich transport

Let's add a few more words about public transport in Munich. Arriving in the city. You need to clearly define the route of your trip around the city.

The whole range of public transport is at your service:

• metro,
• S-Bahn city trains
• tram,
• bus.

Payment for transport in Munich differs significantly from ours. There are single tickets, day tickets with which you can travel all day, as well as a ticket for tourists München CityTourCard. Plus, the city is divided into four zones. For example, by purchasing a single ticket, you can go there and back. The price depends on how many zones you pass. In general, upon arrival in Munich, try to immediately think about where you want to go and what to see. This will help you avoid unnecessary expenses.

After running around the sights of Munich, tired of the traffic and the city, visit English park. It starts from the city center and stretches to the outskirts of the city. Considered the largest urban park in the world. Here you can relax, look at tame swans, just admire the beauty of the landscape.

How do I save on hotels?

Everything is very simple - look not only on booking.com. I prefer the RoomGuru search engine. He searches for discounts simultaneously on Booking and 70 other booking sites.

What is the best city in Germany? It's not so easy to figure it out. Berlin is fun, poor and nostalgic for the Soviet Union. Frankfurt is boring, there are few skyscrapers and crowds of plankton in suits. Hamburg is a port city and there are many interesting projects going on there. That leaves Munich! It is the most expensive city in Germany and consistently ranks among the cities with the highest standard of living. Dozens of centuries-old breweries operate in Munich, and the legendary Oktoberfest takes place right there. Munich is a research center in Germany, one of the largest libraries in Europe, serious universities and a nuclear research reactor are located here. The headquarters of the company, the museum and the functional center of BMW are located in Munich. The museum exhibits cars, motorcycles, engines and everything else that the company produced in the 1910s to the present day. And Munich has a huge number of architectural monuments and museums, and one of the largest city parks in the world is equipped in the city.

So, meet - Munich, the best city in Germany!

01. Central square and metro entrance

02. In general, I don't really like tourist places. So I spent the whole day wandering around the new residential areas of Munich, about which several posts.

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04. In Munich, as in a good city, there is a cool tram!

05. Tram is one of the main ways to get around Munich. He began working here on October 21, 1876. At first, trams were horse-drawn, but from 1883 horses began to be replaced by steam-powered cars. And in 1886, electric trams appeared on the Munich streets.

06. In 1972, the Olympic Games were held in Munich, and by that date the city's public transport network had been significantly expanded. From now on, the inhabitants of the city rode the metro and city trains, and their development had a bad effect on the tram traffic.

07. Tram routes were closed until the 1990s, and in 1991 the city council adopted a plan to modernize the tram network. They laid new lines where they were really needed, launched low-floor trams and made night routes. Then the trams began to gain popularity again.

08. Tram lines are still being built and extended. With the help of trams, the authorities reduce the noise level produced by buses and reduce traffic jams. In addition, as an experiment, wireless trams powered by lithium-ion batteries are running in Munich.

09. Stop

10. Some scoundrel left Tesla on the sidewalk!

11. Convenient for parking in the center

12. Or Smart.

13. A new bike rental has appeared in Munich!

14. The MVG Rad system was launched last October and is operated by the Munich Transport Company. In order to use bicycles, you need to download a mobile application. After registration, you select the desired bike on the map, and then you receive a pin code that unlocks it.

15. By the end of 2016, 125 bicycle stations are planned to be located in the city.

16. A minute to use a bicycle costs 8 cents. You can buy an annual subscription, it costs 48 euros and gives you the right to ride for 30 minutes every day for free. Unused free minutes can be transferred to other days, and if you roll them back, then the subsequent time will be estimated at 5 cents per minute.

17. Parking in the center.

18. Bike lanes are separated by trees.

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20. Please note that bicycles are not chained. They don't steal here. And this is despite the fact that, according to Channel One, migrants rob and rape Germans 24 hours a day.

21. Personal electric transport is developing rapidly.

22. A cool footboard for a motorcycle. I need to put this on my bike. Don't know where they sell?

23. Beach

24. Cherry costs about 700 rubles per kilogram. Currant - about 500 rubles. Strawberries - more than 200 rubles. Raspberries - about 360 rubles. And blackberries - about 300 rubles.

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30. Improvement

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Finding something to do in Munich is real at any time of the year and in any weather. If you are going to the capital of Bavaria to test the slopes of ski resorts, hang out at seasonal sales or celebrate Catholic Christmas on a Russian scale, choose the winter months. Munich spring is a real sightseeing and walking idyll: it is warm and sunny outside, park areas are blooming and covered with delicate greenery.

If the prospect of wandering around the spring city, looking into museums and the halls of royal palaces, seems too insipid, you can fool around at Fryulingsfest - the general "rehearsal" of the autumn beer festival. The holiday starts at the end of April and takes the first week of May. Fryulingsfest is good because it offers everything the same as Oktoberfest, but in a more restrained version, without going all out. In addition, this event is "for its own", so there are few tourists on the walk, respectively, and there are no problems with booking a hotel.

Summer in Munich is hot, but not for shopaholics who take a cordon of shopping centers, fashion galleries and outlets. And in June, an opera festival is held here, which all fans of theatrics dream of attending. By mid-September, the most serious and impenetrable contingent is being pulled up in Mingu - foam fans who have arrived to celebrate at the annual beer bacchanalia called Oktoberfest.

The standard duration of the celebration of eating pork knuckle and drinking horse doses of light / dark / unfiltered is two weeks. During this time, it is impossible to find not only a hotel, but even a corner in a hostel in the Bavarian capital. So book your rooms in advance, and then join in the general beer euphoria. Just first learn how to properly hold the mug and clink glasses with it so as not to look like a black sheep.

Story

The foundation of Munich is attributed to the monks of the Sheftlarn monastery, who moved here in the 8th century. However, the settlement received the status of a city almost five hundred years after the appearance of church ascetics on the banks of the Isar. In 1240, the Wittelsbach dynasty appropriated Munich, declaring it their own residence and sitting here until the flight of Ludwig III in 1918.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Munich pubs got acquainted with National Socialism: in 1923, an attempted coup d'etat took place in the capital of Bavaria, which ended for Hitler with a short prison sentence. After the Nazis came to power in Germany, Munich began to live a double life. On the one hand, the city was officially declared the "cradle of the National Socialist movement", where Himmler and Heydrich took their first steps on the career ladder. And on the other hand, it was here that the legendary anti-fascist underground "White Rose" operated.

During the Second World War, Munich became the cherished goal of the Anglo-American bombers. As a result, by the end of the war, a little less than half of the historical buildings of the city center remained. After the defeat of the Nazi troops, a decision was made on a large-scale restructuring of the Bavarian capital, but with the preservation of the previous street layout. As an example: about 50% of Munich's architectural monuments today are the result of painstaking reconstruction work that was literally carried out on the ashes of destroyed buildings.

Sights of Munich

The course for the sights of Munich is taken, as a rule, at Marienplatz - the main city square, stuffed with all sorts of tourist attractions. It is here that the Old and New Town Halls (neo-Gothic versus late Gothic) are located, as well as the Mariinsky Column, erected in gratitude for delivering the city from the plague epidemic. Next to Marienplatz are the Viktualienmarkt market, which moved here in 1807, and the highest church in Munich -. Those who like to combine walks with small shopping will not get bored here either: the perimeter of the square and the approaches to it are filled with souvenir shops. In addition, the main commercial artery of the city, Kaufingerstrasse, originates from Marienplatz.

Museums in Munich

The Second World War taught the city to take care of the historical heritage, so today the art objects that survived the Allied bombing are safely hidden in museums and galleries. The dominant feature in this niche continues to be the Alte Pinakothek - a sort of "Bavarian Tretyakov Gallery". Miniature creations of the "Little Dutch", Da Vinci's "Madonna with a Flower", self-portraits of Dürer, Rubens and Van Dyck - these and other pictorial masterpieces can only be seen in the Alte Pinakothek. Opposite the main museum of Munich is the building of the New Pinakothek, where they usually go for the sake of the French impressionists - Gauguin, Van Gogh, Degas, as well as to look at representatives of the Biedermeier and Jugendstil movements. During the war, the museum building was destroyed to the ground, and then rebuilt from scratch.

In 2002, the Old and New Pinakotheks acquired a "sister" - the Pinakothek Art Nouveau, whose funds were based on the work of German modernists, as well as Picasso's paintings, slightly diluted with works by Kandinsky, Dali, Matisse and the "king of pop art" Andy Warhol. By the way, about Warhol: about a hundred of his paintings can be found in the Brandhorst Museum, which grew out of the private collection of Annette Brandhorst, heir to the Henkel chemical empire.

After a tour of the three Pinakotheks, there is usually a desire to change the picture to a more voluminous one, and here the Glyptotek will do, the main “specialization” of which is antique sculptures. If her expositions seemed not enough, you can continue your acquaintance with Greek and Roman art in the State Antique Collection. By the way, the museum has a "relative" - ​​the State Graphic Collection, where they prefer to surprise visitors with two-dimensional exhibits, or rather graphics and sketches of great artists from Da Vinci to Munch.

It is better to get acquainted with the past of the cultural and historical region in the Bavarian Archaeological Museum (until 2021 it is not available for visiting due to reconstruction work) and the Bavarian National Museums. An honorary prize for a virtuoso combination of the incongruous is worthy of the City Museum. Here you will find puppet collections designed for a young visitor, and a hall dedicated to the history of Bavarian National Socialism, and the “Typical Munich” exposition - in general, spectacles for any age, taste and political beliefs.

Tourists with a technical mindset will have something to do at the Deutsches Museum, where visitors will be shown the world's first hair dryer, a life-sized submarine U1 and a whole bunch of other equally interesting retro exhibits. Well, you should complete your acquaintance with technical curiosities in Munich at the BMW Museum, which, due to its futuristic design, the Germans sarcastically call a soup bowl.

If the past and present of the “free state” has been studied far and wide, and all Matisses, Klimts and Warhols have been reviewed in city galleries, it remains to put the final touch on the excursion program by visiting the Museum of the Five Continents. There is everything you wanted to know about America, Asia and Southwestern Europe and not a single mention of Bavaria and Germany.

parks

The parks of Munich do not dilute the urban landscape, as happens in most metropolitan areas, but indulgently endure it next to them. The two main competitors in this category are the English Garden and the royal park Hofgarten. The former is famous for its bustling streams that local surfers love to tame, beer gardens, and the fact that it has left rivals such as New York's Central Park and London's Hyde Park far behind in size. The second boasts an impressive history (founded at the beginning of the 17th century) and the Temple of Diana, which is a pavilion with fountains. However, if we evaluate both places very critically, then the Hofgarten loses on some points, if only because it is not the same Hofgarten that was specially crashed for Maximilian I. Military bombing wiped the recreation area off the face of the earth, so in the late 40s trees were replanted here.

The legacy of the 1972 Olympic Games is the Olympic Park. Among the attractions here, in addition to neat green lawns, are a TV tower with a restaurant on the upper floors and a sports stadium, turned into a stage for performances by local pop and rock bands. Westpark remains very cozy and has not yet been fully mastered by tourists. Relax and listen to burgher gossip in the biergarten, "graze" the children on the playground, relax near the well-groomed rose gardens - all these are the usual entertainments of the local regulars. Specialists in the part of wild and cultivated flora will be fascinated by the neat flowerbeds of the Munich-Nymphenburg Botanical Garden - as many as 18 hectares of relict ferns, cacti, magnolias, lilies and other green and motley delights.

Architecture

The Wittelsbach family left Munich a decent collection of architectural masterpieces, which could have been even larger if not for the carpet bombing of World War II. In the center of the city, the Munich Residence spread its chambers - the family nest of several generations of Bavarian kings, today turned into a giant museum of luxury. By the way, it is here that such all-German relics as the crown of Empress Kunigunde, the life-giving cross of Henry the Holy and the prayer book of Charles II are kept. If you can’t get around all the premises of the complex in a day, look at least into the Antiquary Hall and the Porcelain Cabinet - the case when you can immediately be surprised and admired.

Daily besieged by tourist groups and "Bavarian Versailles" - the palace complex Nymphenburg, which includes as many as five buildings. In addition to the dazzling luxury of the apartments, the place is notable for the fact that it was here that the "fairytale king" Ludwig II was born. The Blutenburg hunting castle looks less pompous, but it can tell some scandalous stories about its own owners. It was in it that the Bavarian Duke Albrecht the Pious met with the barber's daughter Agnes Bernauer, who, with her interference in state affairs, so annoyed Albrecht's father that he ordered her to be drowned in the Danube. Gothic mixed with Renaissance is the Maximilianeum Palace, where the Bavarian Landtag sits today. Of course, you won’t be able to get inside, but turning around to appreciate the luxury of the facades is already a great success.

The local temple architecture is also impressive - Munich builders and architects were creative wherever they could, including during the construction of churches. The oldest temple in the city - Peterskirche or "old Peter", as the Bavarians affectionately call it, grew up in the city in 1150. Inside, visitors will find a real immersion in history - the interiors of the building keep traces of the architectural and pictorial styles of several eras. Well, the most agile can climb the observation deck of the temple, admire the Munich panorama.

Against the backdrop of the ascetic "old Peter", the Azamkirche church looks like a biscuit cake, drowning in clouds of "creamy" stucco - baroque style in all its pretentiousness. At the church of St. Michael, the exterior is more elegant and stricter. Maybe because 15 bronze rulers from the Wittelsbach clan hid in the niches of the building, condemningly looking at everything that is happening under their noses.

The list of the most spectacular churches in Munich also includes the Theatinerkirche, with its 99-meter towers and Lukaskirche, decorated with the rarest stained glass windows. Ludwig Mann University looks no less colorful - an elite educational institution that has been “stamping” Nobel laureates for centuries. There are several buildings in the university premises, and they are scattered throughout Munich, but the main building is unconditionally considered the most beautiful - early Gothic, seasoned with the Renaissance.

Everything else

If it seemed to you that the capital of Bavaria is exclusively museums, royal residences and old churches, then it really seemed to you. Attractions in Munich are diverse, designed for tourists of any age. For example, sports fans and comrades who are simply not indifferent to football can go and stare at the Allianz Arena - a giant snow-white stadium in the shape of a tire. Even if you didn’t arrive in the city during the Oktoberfest, you can still drive to the Teresa Meadow (Theresienwiese), where the beer bacchanalia takes place every year. For what? Well, of course, to climb inside the statue of Bavaria and through the viewing areas in its eye sockets to appreciate the panorama that opens.

Curious fact: in his youth, Albert Einstein moonlighted at the Munich Oktoberfest. Of course, the future genius did not carry mugs of beer, but he screwed in electric light bulbs in the pavilions.

With children in Munich, it is worth visiting the Hellabrunn Zoo - an amazing place where animals do not exist, but truly enjoy life. Avid theater-goers are waiting for the backstage of the National Theater (naturally, as part of the tour), and if you're lucky, then a ballet ticket. The most pretentious tourist selfies are taken against the backdrop of the Charles Gate and the Arc de Triomphe in Munich, and the most compromising ones are taken in the Hofbräuhaus, a cult beer house that has been operating since 1607, whose benches perfectly remember Lenin and Hitler who played up.

You can remember at what cost our country won the victory in 1945 in the Dachau memorial complex. This, of course, is only the pitiful remains of a former death factory, but even incorrigible cynics are pierced to the bone here. Another not quite typical attraction of Munich is the Waldfriedhof cemetery. The object appeared in the city in 1907 and is a mix of a park and a necropolis. So if you like to look at the original sculptures of tombstones and don’t mind finding the grave of some Bavarian celebrity, you are here.

Night life

Daytime Munich is respectable, practical and prudent, while nighttime Munich is excitedly cheerful and reckless. And not to say that in the capital of Bavaria there is such a dominance of nightclubs and bars, but those that are available are never empty. The legend of the city and the abode of glamorous pathos, in which Freddie Mercury himself once hung out, is the P1 club. It is mainly celebrities and other major contingent who hang out here, so the face control at the entrance is the strictest.

But Backstage is easier to get into, so if you like indie music, you will definitely like it here. Jazzclub Unterfahrt is a jazz classic designed for representatives of an older age group, for whom Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong are not just “some kind of Americans”. Travelers who are no longer impressed by traditional nightlife can do well to take a tolerance test and take a walk to the Glockenbachviertel quarter. The concentration of gay bars per square kilometer is a record here.

Unbridled fun and good booze promises Sehnsucht-bar. The institution has a permanent promotion for visitors who can skip a glass and treat their companions by paying with their own underwear. And judging by the collection of bras above the bar, there are many such economical young ladies in Munich. If you wish, you can try to "go out to the people." At night, on the Gartnerplatz square, local youth have fun and empty alcoholic containers, among which frankly marginalized individuals dart around.

9 things to do in Munich

• Order a glass of Munich Mule, a Bavarian interpretation of the famous American Moscow Mule cocktail.
• Take a walk to house 36 on Schillerstrasse, where "Iron Arnie" once trained and huddled in the back room.
• Walk through the Gallery of Beauties of Nymphenburg and admire the portraits of noble and not very urban women, whose faces the Bavarian king Ludwig I considered worthy of his own collection.
• Go inside to personally see the "footprint of the devil" - a shoe print that inexplicably appeared on the marble slab of the cathedral.
• Taste a foamy drink in any restaurant owned by the Augustiner Brewing Company. Exposure only in oak barrels and no newfangled chips like metal tanks for you.
• Find “naked zones” in the English Garden, where Munich nudists sunbathe and come off.
• Stand on the bridge over the Eisbach stream to watch the weirdos with the surfers trying to swim through the ditch, where the water is knee-deep.
• Watch the puppet show, which is played three times a day on the facade of the New Town Hall. The play begins to the sound of a wall clock and replicates the wedding ceremony of Elector William V.
• To hold your hand under the jet of the funny Brunnenbuberl fountain on Neuhauserstrasse and rinse your own purse in the waters of Fischbrunnen will suddenly be able to suddenly get rich.

Where to stay

Well, a little about the best places to stay in Munich. The districts of Hauptbahnhof (near the city railway station) and Schillerstrasse are occupied mainly by hostels, strip bars and clubs, so living here is fun, but only for tourists who are used to spending nights out of their own beds. In addition, next door is the immigrant Turkish quarter with all the consequences. If you need relative peace, you will have to pay a couple of hundred euros for it - there are several decent hotels located near the station, located on less busy streets. The districts of Schwabing and Ostbahnhof have a more respectable reputation, so it is better for tourists who have chosen a family tour of Bavaria to settle here.

The center of Munich will appeal to those who like to have the main attractions at hand and are willing to pay for it - the prices for hotel rooms exceed the most immodest expectations. The Maxvorstadt district has a good reputation - hot spots to a minimum, the main museums of the city are within walking distance and the infrastructure is in perfect order. You should settle in Neuhausen-Nymphenburg if you want to get as far away from the noisy center as possible, but at the same time you are not going to spend half a day on the road every time you want to wander around Marienplatz.

Cafes and restaurants

Eating in the main city of the "free state" is supposed to be a lot, high in calories and without too much haste. A true Bavarian exploits his own digestive system at full capacity, otherwise he is simply not a Bavarian. Where to eat in Munich? Yes, almost everywhere, depending on how much you are willing to spend on it. Even in the historical center, elite restaurants are interspersed with cute taverns from the category of “tasty and inexpensive”. In particular, for a traditional Bavarian breakfast of sausages, beer and crispy pretzels, stop by Bratwurstherzl. Grilled sausages have been served here since 1633.

The same menu, but in a more extended version plus 14 beers, can be found in Tattenbach, a cozy restaurant on Tattenbachstrasse. Prices are higher here, but there are discounts for lunches. You can have a bite to eat without the risk of emptying your wallet to the last bill in Alter Simpl - locals love to come here, which is already considered a sign of quality. For a pair of white Bavarian sausages, the local chefs charge only 5.60 EUR, but those who wish can “make” a hamburger, Nicoise salad or a Viennese schnitzel.

Ultra-budget options that are ready to help out a starving tourist are eateries like Bergwolf. The menu usually contains currywurst, french fries, pretzels and a couple of fast food plains. You can treat yourself to a sausage with a bun in such places for ridiculous for Munich 3.50-4 EUR. In Asian eateries, the price tag is even lower, but the menu is already with an oriental “accent”.

Haute cuisine in the Bavarian capital also has a place to be. Two Michelin-starred Geisels Werneckhof, specializing in modern interpretations of traditional Schwarzreiter recipes, a Michelin-starred three-star Atelier, and an authentic Pfistermühle - a list of atmospheric places to appreciate regional and international specialties will take up a couple of pages. The only thing that slightly interrupts the appetite in elite establishments is the average bill from 130-150 EUR. However, according to the travel bloggers noted in them, the taste impressions received during the meal are worth it.

And of course, let's not forget the beer. If it was not possible to break into the iconic Hofbräuhaus, arrange a marathon race through the biergartens (beer gardens). For example, in Hirschgarten, up to 8,000 beer fans are ready to accommodate - an absolute record that no Bavarian institution has yet managed to beat. The beer garden in the Viktualienmarkt market is mostly visited by tourists, which does not detract from the taste of the beer served here. The oldest beergarten in Munich - Augustiner - should be looked for on Arnulfstrasse. And the most peaceful place is Waldwirtschaft, aka Vavi - mainly locals and a very small percentage of tourists rest here. At the beer garden in the area of ​​the Chinese tower in the English Garden, the atmosphere is more dynamic, for which thanks to the high traffic of the park and the institution itself, which promises to receive and treat up to 7,000 visitors at the same time.

For your information: to please yourself with a mug of beer, it is not necessary to look for a suitable beergarten. The favorite drink of the Bavarians is served in every Munich cafe and restaurant with national cuisine, with the exception of coffee shops and pastry shops.

shopping

"Not on Saturday!" is the motto to follow when shopping in Munich. Why is that? Because samstag (Saturday) is the favorite day of local shopaholics who weekly arrange Babylonian pandemonium in boutiques and outlets (remember that it is not customary to work on Sunday in Bavaria). The area richest in retail outlets is between the Karlsplatz, Marienplatz and Odeonsplatz squares. Well, to be more specific, the trading life of the Bavarian capital takes place mainly on the streets of Kaufingerstrasse, Hohenzollernstrasse, Neuhauserstrasse and Theatinerstrasse. No less interesting shopping can happen on Maximilianstrasse: if you need things from Armani, Chanel, Gucci and Versace, look for them here.

Fans of making diverse purchases should go to any of the Munich shopping centers, or better in a couple, in order to stock up for sure. For example, in Riem Arcaden, where, in addition to branded boutiques, there are also a lot of food courts. Or in Olympia, where 135 stores are located, designed for middle-class buyers and fans of democratic brands. You can ride to the outlet in Ingolstadt, where you will be sold an original couturier outfit, but with a decent markdown.

If you happen to be in Munich during Advent (pre-Christmas period), wander around the holiday markets, the most interesting of which deploys its tents on Marienplatz. The most spectacular food platform of the Bavarian capital is the Viktualienmarkt market, which has been feeding the townspeople for over 200 years and where the stalls are inherited from parents to children. It is better to stock up here with farm products - sausages, cheeses and spices. But be prepared to save money. There are a lot of tourists on Viktualienmarkt who come to observe the gastronomic abundance.

), Olympiapark, Messegelände Riem. True, if you want to unearth something worthwhile in the rubble of old rubbish, go shopping early - most of Munich's flea markets are open from 7 in the morning. In addition, all local flea markets have their own websites, where sales announcements periodically appear. Accordingly, to be aware of the most profitable offers, look at them more often.

How to save money in Munich

You can visit the top attractions of the Bavarian capital and not go broke with CityTourCard München. This is a tourist card that provides discounts for visiting museums, restaurants, attractions and other iconic locations in the city. Discount coupons are designed for stays in Munich from one to six days and are of two types: for single tourists and groups of travelers up to 5 people (two children aged 6 to 14 go for one adult). The cost of a one-day ticket for one person is 12.90 EUR, for a team - 19.90 EUR. You can get more complete information about prices for CityTourCard lasting from two days on the official website.

There is also an extended version of the card that offers a discount on sightseeing outside the city. Such an offer will cost more, but the savings will still turn out to be greater than with a self-planned excursion. You can buy CityTourCard München at tourist centers, the airport (DB and Travel Center ticket machines), at the central station (in addition to DB and Travel Center, there are MVG and BOB machines here). Another option is to buy online on the official websites of MVG, MVV, BOB and S-Bahn München.

Transport

On the one hand, Munich has a decent amount of pedestrian zones. In the same Altstadt (the old part of the city), it is generally forbidden to travel by car. On the other hand, it is not always realistic to get around all the major sights "on your own two feet", given that some of them are located outside the historical center within the framework of one trip.

The easiest and relatively inexpensive way to check in interesting places in Munich is the bus route number 100, which runs between the East Station (Ostbahnhof) and the main railway station. The beauty of this type of transport is that it goes around all the major museums and turns towards the English Garden.

The city is also convenient for cyclists: here you, of course, are not Amsterdam, but there are decent tracks for bike fans in Munich. As for rental companies, there are also many of them - Mike's Bike route & Rentals, Radius Tours & Bike Rental, Deutsche Bahn, MVG and others. All companies have official websites where you can check the rates. If we talk about average prices, then an hour of skiing is approximately 2-3 EUR. At the same time, it is more reasonable to rent a vehicle immediately for the day - it will cost 16-18 EUR.

Public transport in Munich will be appreciated by those who are ready to understand the tariff zones and types of tickets. So let's remember! The capital of Bavaria is divided into four color (and price) zones:

• white;
• yellow;
• green;
• red.

The white area is the so-called inner space or Innenraum. It is within its boundaries that most of the sights of Munich are concentrated, including Nymphenburg and the BMW Museum. Getting around within the Innenraum is the easiest way - buy a ticket valid for the white part of the city and ride as much as you want.

Zone XXL is the combination of the white and green areas of the transport card. That is, if you are going from the historical center (white zone) to Hirschgarten (green zone), purchase a ticket marked XXL. The green, yellow and red areas together form the Ausserraum. You can move within its boundaries only with a travel card designed for three zones. Well, the universal option is Gesamtnetz, which includes travel through all four zones from white to red.

Important: in Munich there is a single type of travel card with which you can ride on any type of public transport (do not forget to compost the travel cards so as not to get fined). You can buy tickets on buses or MVV machines installed in the metro.

You can get to the desired point in the city by metro, city trains, buses (classic and metrobuses) and trams. But first you have to deal with the types of travel cards:

• Kurzstrecke (for any fare zone) is a one-way ticket that allows you to travel four stops by ground transport and 2 stops by metro (valid for 1 hour).
• Einzelfahrkarte (can be for 1, 2, 3 or 4 zones) - valid for 3 hours, during which you can change to other modes of transport without the possibility of returning to the starting point of the journey.
• Streifenkarte - travel card, consisting of 10 ticket lanes. Each lane is a 1-hour trip within the same fare zone. If the trip time is more than an hour, we tear off and compost two strips; we travel within two zones - we tear off and compost four, etc.
• Single-Tageskarte - a ticket for the whole day. You can choose the number of included tariff zones yourself.

Of course, these are not all travel options. As an example: in Munich there are special transport rates for children, tourist groups, passengers carrying a bicycle with them. Therefore, in order not to get confused in the variety of tickets, it is better to get a Bayern Ticket, which works both as a city and as an intercity travel card. You can find out more information about it on the website.

Important: Bayern-Ticket is not valid on express buses and high-speed trains.

If you decide to travel around Munich by taxi, be prepared to pay EUR 1.20 for a call and another EUR 3.70 for landing. The first five kilometers of the journey are usually charged at 1.90 EUR / km, then a discount is included - up to 1.70 EUR. Renting a car in Munich is also easy, but parking is hard to come by, so unless you're planning to venture out of the city, trust public transport, your bike, and your feet.

Tourists usually leave the airport on the S-Bahn train lines S1 (terminal station - East Station) and S8 (terminal - Herrsching). Both the first and the second run according to the schedule, and with very small intervals, and both pass Marienplatz. An alternative to rail transport is Airportbus buses. Departure from the second terminal, starting at 06:30 am, with an interval of 15 minutes. Travelers who do not need to save money can make the same journey by taxi or rented car (there are rental desks in the airport building).

Munich is a German city with a long history. It is an open-air museum, and the art center of Europe, and the beer capital of Germany, and the concentration of science. The modern motto "Munich loves you" reflects its essence, attitude towards guests and indigenous people.

History of Munich

The date of birth is 1158. Located on the banks of the full-flowing river Isar, the monastery became its basis. Actually, "at the monks" - this is how the name Munich is translated. Duke Henry the Lion was looking for a place where he could establish the capital of his lands. The choice fell on the settlement due to its good location. The ruler built a new bridge, redirecting the "salt" path through Munich.

The city began a rapid development, because salt was so valuable that it was recognized as the equivalent of money. This doomed the future capital of Bavaria to wealth and luxury. The greatest contribution to the development of Munich was made by the Wittelsbach dynasty, which dominated from 1180 to 1918. Its representatives were distinguished by a craving for art, which led to the emergence not only of a large number of magnificent buildings, but also to the appearance of entire streets decorated in one or another architectural style.

Emperor Ludwig IV during his reign from 1358 built administrative buildings in his residence, erected powerful fortress walls. At the end of the 15th century, when Albrecht IV the Wise took over the reins of power, the city acquired Gothic buildings, in particular churches and cathedrals. Representatives of the clergy began to flock here. And by the beginning of the 16th century, Munich witnessed the birth of the German Church Reformation and violent religious clashes.

The city was decorated with Jesuit buildings. In 1506 it became the capital of a united Bavaria. Since the 17th century, it has experienced both ups and downs. Munich experienced hardships, plagues, occupation by Austrian troops, peasant uprisings. In 1810, in honor of the wedding of the crown prince, the tradition of holding an Oktoberfest beer festival was born. Since 1826, the capital of Bavaria has become the center of science and education, universities are opening everywhere.

From the beginning of the 20th century, the city passed from hand to hand to governments of various formations, the Wittelsbach dynasty was expelled. Hunger and desolation became the companions of Munich. He distinguished himself by creating National Socialism on his territory and, subsequently, by a large number of anti-war demonstrations. During the time received a thorough destruction.

Sights of Munich

Thanks to the frugality of the city's residents and pride in their cultural heritage, many buildings have survived to this day. What was destroyed during the wars of the last century has been restored or continues to be reconstructed. There are so many sights that a simple listing would take a solid book. But there are the main ones that any guest of the city must see in order to feel the spirit of ancient and modern Munich.

Marienplatz is the central square, traditionally the first place to get acquainted with the city, one of its oldest sights. The Old Town Hall was built in the 14th century. Most of the building is a museum, as city council meetings are no longer held in it. The New Town Hall looks even older than the Old Town Hall, it was founded in the 19th century. It is larger, decorated with statues and figures.

Ludwigstrasse was founded in 1825 by Ludwig I. Here all the houses are monumental, built according to classical architectural canons.

Museums and galleries in Munich

The Alte Pinakothek is the largest art gallery in Europe, which contains original paintings from the Middle Ages to the 18th century. Most of the impressive collection of over 700 paintings belonged to the ruling dynasty. The Glyptothek presents reliefs and sculptures from Ancient Greece and Rome. Built in 1830 to please the avid collector, the crown prince. After the war, the building was destroyed, the exhibits were partially lost.

Since 1972, the Glyptotek has been reopened. The German Museum collects expositions of all scientific and craft achievements. It occupies the whole island. Holds visual demonstrations every hour in which visitors can take part. In addition to the buildings that were originally museums, many buildings, such as the Old Town Hall or the Palace of the Nymphs, also hold an exhibition of expositions.

Cathedrals and palace complexes of Munich

St. Peter's Church is the same ancient monastery around which the city was born. Rebuilt countless times, including after total destruction. Frauenkirche Cathedral is the largest religious building in the Gothic style. The Palace of the Nymphs was founded in 1664 as a gift for the birth of a child. It was completed by five generations, and grew into one of the largest palace complexes in Europe, the summer residence of the rulers. Surrounded by picturesque nature. Combines different architectural styles. It is partially open to visitors, because the reconstruction of the complex after the war is still underway.

The Munich residence is the house of the ruling dynasty, which has been constantly improved and decorated since its construction in the 14th century. After the war, it was restored from scratch.

Vacation spots in Munich

Hofbräuhaus and Löwenbräukeller are two beer gardens, dearly loved by both locals and visitors to the city. Every year they deliver their foam product to Oktoberfest. Nature lovers appreciate the luxury of parks, such as the royal garden Hofgarten, decorated with pavilions and statues.

Muller baths are hidden behind the walls of a relatively young building from the beginning of the 20th century. They provide a huge variety of water procedures, starting with swimming pools, ending with various types of saunas, massage services. Munich is a diverse city that will appeal to the most capricious and demanding guest. It is noisy in its squares and quiet in its parks, it is ancient in its palaces and churches and modern in its stadiums and BMW showrooms. He loves everyone.