What to see in the Kremlin: virtual tour. Virtual tour of the Kremlin Panoramic view of the Kremlin

Of course, the Tsar Cannon and the Tsar Bell. After all, together they weigh more than 240 tons! Both monuments stand next to the Ivan the Great Bell Tower and immediately attract the attention of visitors. The Tsar Cannon and the Tsar Bell are well known, they are even considered symbols of Russia.

The Tsar Cannon has the largest caliber in the world (890 mm). It was cast in bronze in 1586 at the Cannon Yard in Moscow by master Andrei Chokhov. Its weight is almost 40 tons, its length is more than 5 meters.

It is believed that the Tsar Cannon was fired only once - with the ashes of the deposed Tsar False Dmitry. There is also an opinion that the Tsar Cannon had only a decorative function, but this version is unlikely: in those days, Tatar attacks were not uncommon and the manufacture of a huge fake weapon did not make sense. Most likely, the cannon was designed to fire “shot,” that is, buckshot. Its mouth could carry thousands of deaths for the Tatar cavalry that besieged Moscow more than once or twice. A kind of weapon of mass destruction of the 16th century.

It is known that in the 17th century the cannon was located on a low stone structure that resembled a platform, traces of which were discovered by archaeologists in the southern part of Red Square. And in the 16th century, the Tsar Cannon was probably installed near Lobnoye Mesto on Red Square, in the direction of the Moskvoretsky Bridge leading to the Tatar side.

The cannon's carriage and cannonballs are not original - they were cast in the 19th century, serving a purely decorative function. Cannonballs cannot be fired, and as for the carriage, it is unknown whether it is needed at all, because a weapon of this type - the bombard - was usually fixedly fixed in the ground. The Tsar Cannon ended up in the Kremlin under Emperor Peter I, who wanted to build a workshop (arsenal) there to store various firearms and other curiosities and simply weapons from different eras.

The Tsar Cannon and the Tsar Bell are monuments of foundry and artistic craft. Both are decorated with carefully crafted reliefs in the form of ornaments, cartouches, rosettes, and scrolls. It is easy to notice on the bell large portraits of two sovereigns - Empress Anna Ioannovna, who ordered the casting of the bell, and Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. During the reign of the latter, an earlier bell was cast, from the metal of which the Tsar Bell was cast. There is also an inscription about the history of the bell, and the signature of the Motorin masters. On the Tsar Cannon you can also find inscriptions glorifying the customer Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich, and the signature of master Andrei Chokhov.

Our online tour of the Kremlin is coming to an end. Of course, we can talk endlessly about this place on the map of our Motherland. Here, centuries-old layers of history form a special “force field” that attracts with its grandeur and unique beauty.

Route: Kutafya Tower - Trinity Bridge - Trinity Tower - Ivanovskaya Square - Cathedral Square- Trinity Tower - Alexander Garden.

Length: 2.2 km.

View of the Kutafya Tower, Trinity Bridge and Trinity Tower

The territory inside the Kremlin fortress walls has the status of a museum-reserve. It is a specially protected site, since the residence of the President of the country is located in the heart of Moscow. All travelers begin the Moscow Kremlin from the western side, because tourists can only get inside through the Trinity Gate. The most convenient way to get to the Trinity Tower is from the Alexandrovsky Sad metro station, the exit from which is located 50 m south of the squat Kutafya Tower.

View of the southern facade of the arsenal

The Kremlin territory is open every day except Thursday, from 10.00 to 18.00. To attend it, you must have a ticket for events held at the State Kremlin Palace, or entry tickets to explore the Armory Chamber, the Diamond Fund, churches and museums of Cathedral Square and the Ivan the Great Bell Tower.

If you have already purchased a ticket, you can safely go to the checkpoint on the Kutafye Tower. Those who do not yet have a ticket must buy one at the ticket office, which are located nearby, in the middle part of the Alexander Garden.

Cannons near the walls of the arsenal

The ticket office is open from 9.30 to 17.00. There are also storage rooms where you need to leave bulky luggage and backpacks. It should be borne in mind that in summer and on days school holidays Long queues form at the Kremlin ticket offices. Tickets cannot be purchased in advance. They sell only tickets valid for the day of visiting the Kremlin.

Through the Kutafya Tower, tourists get to the red-brick Trinity Bridge, laid over the place where the full-flowing Neglinka River used to flow.

View of the State Kremlin Palace

The bridge leads to the gates of the Trinity Tower, which stands exactly in the middle of the northwestern wall. This is the most high tower Kremlin. It rises to 80.1 m. The Presidential Orchestra is located inside the fortress and there are special rehearsal rooms and studios.

Behind the tower, the narrow Palace Street goes to the right. At its beginning there is a post beyond which tourists are not allowed. It is worth paying attention to the bright facade of the Amusement Palace, which is located 150 m south of the Trinity Gate.

Senate Palace from the south

On the left along the way you can see the picturesque two-story building of the Arsenal, and in front of it there is an exhibition of captured guns. Some of the ancient artillery pieces lie directly on the paving stones, others are mounted on metal carriages or laid on special stone platforms. There are cannons along other facades of the Arsenal, but tourists are only allowed to the southern facade of this historic building.

Opposite the Arsenal rises the massive State Kremlin Palace, which many people habitually call the Palace of Congresses.

Bell tower of Ivan the Great from Ivanovskaya Square

This is one of the main concert venues Russia, where ballet performances are shown all year round, as well as concerts with the participation of the country's best singers and dancers.

From here you need to walk along Troitskaya Street a little east. The wide steps leading to the entrance to the Palace of Congresses will remain on the right. And on the left you will see the green Senate Square, which lies between the Arsenal building and the majestic Senate Palace.

Tsar Bell at the walls of the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great

Travelers are also not allowed into this part of the Kremlin, so they have to admire the intricate southern façade of the Senate Palace and the blue spruce trees growing in front of it from a distance.

Soon Troitskaya Street turns right (to the southeast) and leads out to the spacious Ivanovskaya Square, the dominant feature of which is the tall Bell Tower of Ivan the Great. At first XVII century, when Tsar Boris Godunov ruled Russia, the bell tower was built to 81 m. After that, for more than a century it was the most tall building in the country.

Council of the Twelve Apostles

Cathedral of the Archangel

In the west of the square stands the snow-white Faceted Chamber. And if you go around it to the north, then the domes of the Church of the Deposition of the Robe of the Mother of God and the Verkhospassky Cathedral open.

One of the main ones on Cathedral Square is considered to be the ascetic in architecture Assumption Cathedral, which occupies the place opposite the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great. It was built in the 70s of the 15th century and until 1917 had the status of a cathedral church in Russia. Inside the cathedral there is a tomb where tombs with the ashes of Moscow metropolitans and patriarchs are installed.

Blagoveshchensky cathedral

Behind the Assumption Cathedral you can see the white facade of the Patriarchal Palace and the silvery domes of the Church of the Twelve Apostles, closing the Cathedral Square on the north side. Hierarchs of the Russian Empire lived inside the palace for many centuries. Orthodox Church. Today, this building houses a unique exhibition of works of church art, a collection of antique watches, as well as personal belongings of Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible and Patriarch Nikon.

Assumption Cathedral

This concludes the main part of the trip to the sights of the Moscow Kremlin. After examining the facades of churches and museums, you need to go back to Troitskaya Street, walk along it to the Trinity Gate and exit into the Alexander Garden.

Those who are not in a hurry can stroll through the territory of this green park, which stretches along the entire northwestern wall of the Kremlin.

Monument to Alexander I in the Alexander Garden

250 m south of the exit from the Kutafya Tower, in the center of the Alexander Garden, several years ago an expressive monument to Alexander I appeared. The bronze figure of the king stands on a high granite pedestal, the top of which is decorated with an image of a double-headed eagle. From here it is easy to return to the entrance to the Alexandrovsky Sad metro station.

We have two whole days off ahead at the end of the week. Of course, they need to be spent wisely and have a good rest before the next working week. I don’t know about you, but I don’t like to relax lying down all day in front of the TV - ideal for me leisure. So this weekend I suggest you go to a grand excursion to the Moscow Kremlin absolutely free!

Yes, perhaps many of you have already visited the Moscow Kremlin - after all, thousands of tourists visit here every day. Then you probably walked along Ivanovskaya Square and looked at it in fascination. architectural ensemble Cathedral Square, perhaps even went inside the Arkhangelsk and Assumption Cathedrals. However, the Kremlin keeps places where tourists are never allowed - this is the territory and buildings that are part of the residence complex of the President of Russia.

Virtual tour The Kremlin will open all these premises and territories for you. They will appear before you in all their glory. You can even make out what books are in the office of the President of Russia and admire the beauty and sophistication of the ancient paintings of the Faceted Chamber. You will be able to look at everything in such detail and detail, as if you were there yourself.

Friends, creators of the virtual 3D tour of the Kremlin They created a really very valuable gift for us! We will be able not only to visit premises closed to tourists, but also to admire panoramas of almost the entire center of Moscow from a bird's eye view.

I completely forgot to say: you will be accompanied throughout the entire excursion by our famous, beloved actor Alexey Vladimirovich Batalov. His wonderful voice in a leisurely manner of presentation will tell you about many interesting facts those places where you will be transported.

It is very easy to move around the places where you will be transported. Everything is done using the mouse and does not cause any difficulties. You can look around, you can zoom in and out, you can immediately get historical information etc.

Well, friends, have I convinced you that a virtual excursion to the Kremlin is really worthwhile? I wish you a pleasant journey, which you can take right now!

Friends, maybe you have already visited the rooms and chambers of the Kremlin in reality? Share your impressions in the comments.

Date: 2013-04-07

Currently, the team site is supported by the President of Russia V.V. Putin and the Russian Geographical Society (RGS) are implementing a project of panoramic photography of the historical and architectural ensemble of the Moscow Kremlin and Red Square. Although filming is still ongoing, and all the results of our work will be presented on the site only in a few months, today the project site and the Russian Geographical Society have prepared a gift for Russians for Moscow City Day - a unique virtual tour above the Kremlin from five spherical panoramas!

Our helicopter flew over the Kremlin stars, the chimes on the Spasskaya Tower, the Ivan the Great bell tower, and St. Basil's Cathedral. Until now, no one has managed to take photographs of the Kremlin from such unusual angles.

In December 2012, we submitted an application for a Russian grant Geographical Society for the development of the website project. Quite unexpectedly for us, we were invited to a meeting of the media council, and after the presentation of the project, our grant was approved. After this, our cooperation with the Russian Geographical Society began.

The ceremonial presentation of the RGS grants took place in April of this year at a meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Russian Geographical Society chaired by Russian President Vladimir Putin. During his speech at the meeting, our colleague Sergei Semenov turned to V. Putin with a request for help in obtaining permission to photograph the Moscow Kremlin from the air. The President supported our request, and by now we have already completed several surveys over the Kremlin territory.

And now we would like to bring to your attention some historical facts associated with this unique architectural monument.

The "Kremlin" is the name given to the city's fortifications. ancient Rus'. Many Kremlins have survived to this day in Russia: Novgorod, Kazan, Pskov, Kolomensky... But only one Kremlin does not need explanation: the world-famous Moscow Kremlin in the Russian capital. This is the largest fortress in Europe, preserved and operating to this day. The Kremlin is the most important landmark of Moscow, the seat of the President Russian Federation And " business card"of the entire country.

The first settlements on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin date back to the Bronze Age - the 2nd millennium BC, but the first fortifications appeared here much later: in 1156. The wooden fortification, with a total length of about 850 meters and an area of ​​about 3 hectares, was surrounded by a ditch 16-18 meters wide and 5 meters deep.

During the Mongol-Tatar invasion, the Kremlin was destroyed and then rebuilt. But only by the middle of the 14th century, under the Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy, the wooden walls of the Kremlin were replaced by walls and towers made of local white stone. It was from this period that the name “White Stone Moscow” is often found in chronicles.

However, by the 15th century, under Ivan III the Great, this structure also had to be rebuilt, since the walls literally “floated.” Italian architects were invited to restore the Kremlin, and thanks to this, it combines the best achievements of both Russian and Italian architectural art. Thus, the famous Sforza Castle in Milan was taken as an example of an impregnable fortification, while the Kremlin churches were built according to strict Russian traditions.

Burnt brick was chosen as the main material for construction. The center of the Kremlin became Cathedral Square with the Assumption and Annunciation Cathedrals, the Faceted Chamber, the Archangel Cathedral - the tomb of Russian princes and tsars, and the Ivan the Great Bell Tower located on it. Another major reconstruction of the Kremlin took place at the end of the 15th - beginning of the 16th centuries, and since then the appearance of this Moscow landmark has remained virtually unchanged - with the exception of color.

The fact is that the walls of the Moscow fortress, according to historical descriptions and picturesque images, remained white for many centuries. The burnt brick was carefully whitewashed: both for the sake of preserving the masonry and in memory of white stone Kremlin Dmitry Donskoy. It is believed that it was decided to make the Kremlin red by Stalin’s decision in 1947 - to celebrate the 800th anniversary of Moscow. And before that, during World War II, the Kremlin was camouflaged in a unique way. A fantastic project for that time was developed by the group of academician Boris Iofan: walls of houses, black holes in windows were painted on white walls, artificial streets were built on Red Square; even Lenin's Mausoleum was covered with a cap representing a house. This is what helped the greatest monument of history and architecture reach our days without being damaged by bombing.