Tyrrhenian Sea on the map. Tyrrhenian coast. Major cities and resorts

The Tyrrhenian Sea is one of the most popular resort areas in Italy. The main advantages of this place are sandy beaches, picturesque towns and unspoiled nature.

Tyrrhenian Sea

Finding a pond on the map is not difficult, as it is located between the large islands - Corsica, Apennine Peninsula, Sardinia, as well as the legendary Sicily. On the south-eastern side are the Eopiski (or the Aeolian) islands, from the west - the Balearic Sea. This water area refers to, which, in turn, belongs to the ocean. The western part of Italy is adjacent to this region.

Several straits are connected to the Mediterranean Sea: Corsican (in the north), Sardinian (in the south), Bonifacio (in the west), Messinsky (in the southeast) and Sicilian (in the southwest). The total area of \u200b\u200bthe water area is 214 thousand square meters. m

The Tyrrhenian Sea washes the shores of such tourist areas as Tuscany, Lazio, Calambria and, of course, Campania. In the time of the ancient Romans, this water area was called the Lower Sea, while the Upper Sea was assigned to the present basin. On the territory of the reservoir you can meet such picturesque islands as Salina, Vulcano, Stromboli, as well as the Aegadian Islands

The entire coast belonging to this water area represents a rich historical heritage. The pond was named after one of the peoples who inhabited this territory. The Etruscans, the ancient Greeks who came here from Lydia, belonged to him.

As a result of the forced relocation to Tuscany, the new residents decided to name the nearby sea in honor of their leader, Tsarevich Tyrren. For the same reason, historians began to call the local population Tyrrhenian. Lydians have lived in this area for several centuries. At the moment, the largest ports of these places are Palermo, Cagliari, Bastia (France) and Naples.

Sea map

Tyrrhenian bottom relief

  This water area is noteworthy for everything because it is located under the fault formed between two continents - Africa and the territory of Europe. This means that the body of water is in a zone of seismic activity. For the same reason, this region is characterized by a chain of seamounts, as well as volcanoes that still exist today.

The most famous volcano here, of course, is Vesuvius, whose lava buried under itself the legendary city of Pompeii. Volcanoes and Stramboli can also be attributed to no less interesting volcanic formations. The latter remains active for 3,000 years. Eruptions in this place occur with an enviable frequency - up to 4 times per hour, and their strength varies significantly among themselves.

The sea itself is located in the basin. Its deepest point is at a rather great depth - 3830 m. The average values \u200b\u200breach a mark of 1519 m.

The hydrological regime of the Tyrrhenian Sea

The currents passing in this region form a common cyclonic cycle. As for the climate, it is typical of the Mediterranean. As a rule, there is warm weather with a slight breeze. But the direction of the wind here is quite changeable.

In summer, the Tyrrhenian Sea has hot days, and winter remains mild throughout the season. In August, the water temperature reaches a maximum of +25 0 C. In February, the temperature regime drops to +13 0 C. The salinity of surface waters is in the range of 37.7-38 ‰.

The fauna and flora of Tyrrhenian

Since this body of water has little contact with the ocean, the local climate is characterized by a mild climate, a small river flow, and high salinity. Climatic conditions of this kind have contributed to the development of numerous plants and animals found throughout the Mediterranean Sea. However, phyto- and zooplankton live in small numbers here.

Tyrrhenian Sea Attractions

  This area with confidence can be called one of the most popular places for a beach holiday. A variety of resorts, golden sands and numerous hotels are available to travelers from May to September. Sea passenger traffic is very developed, thanks to which tourists can easily get anywhere in the mainland and to local islands.

The main attractions are the following cities: Anzio, Terracina and Sperlonga. During the reign of the Roman emperors, the city of Anzio served as the residence of august persons. Also on the ruins of the city of Pompeii, where excavations are still being carried out.

Fans of castles and temples are advised to visit another ancient area - Miratea. You can enjoy the thermal baths by going to the picturesque island of Ischia. In general, holidays on the Tyrrhenian Sea remain accessible to most tourists.

From the point of view of historical geology, the Tyrrhenian Sea is a deep tectonic basin, in the central part it drops to 3,719 m. It is here that the seismic fault between Europe and Africa passes through the whole sea, along which a chain of underwater mountain peaks and surface active volcanoes stretch.
Based here, the first settlers took into account the proximity of volcanoes and the possibility of earthquakes, however, beautiful weather, fertile soil and a climate conducive to agriculture, were stronger than fear of the eruption.
Etruscans belonged to the so-called "peoples of the sea" - a group of Mediterranean peoples, which in the XIII century. BC e. began to leave their usual habitats, in particular due to the negative consequences of the Trojan War on Mediterranean civilizations.
The Tyrrhenian Sea got its name precisely from the Etruscans, who in ancient times were called Thyrsen or Tyrrhenes (from the Trojans).
The Etruscans were brave sailors and after them - between the rivers Arno and the Tiber there were many traces of a highly developed civilization that preceded the ancient Roman one and had a great influence on it. The Etruscans were inventive architects, they built cities, paved roads and came up with arched vaults. They introduced the custom of gladiator fights, chariot races and burial rites, knew anatomy very well and even knew how to make dentures. From them, the Romans adopted the most popular model of clothing - toga. But under the pressure of the Romans, the Etruscans completely assimilated and lost their language and identity, dissolving among the conquerors.
The Romans who came gave the Tyrrhenian Sea its name: Mare Inferum, or the Lower Sea: as opposed to Mare Superum, or the Upper Sea (). But these names disappeared along with the Romans themselves after the collapse of their empire.
It is from the history of the ancient Roman empire that the most destructive natural disaster of ancient times is known, when the eruption of the volcano Vesuvius destroyed three Roman cities at once: Stabia and Herculaneum. August 24, 79 e. the eruption of Vesuvius began, it lasted a whole day. Of the 20 thousand inhabitants of Pompey, approx. 2 thousand. In 1592, the ruins of Pompey were first discovered, and since then excavations have been ongoing. In the cities buried under the ashes, everything remained in the same form as before the eruption: streets, houses. The eruption was so strong that the ashes reached Egypt and Syria.
Currently, Vesuvius is one of the three active volcanoes in Italy and the only active volcano in continental Europe. His behavior is considered unpredictable. Tourists are served by residents of Torre Annunziata, a city that arose on the site of an ancient settlement destroyed by an eruption. In 1970, Villa Poppea Sabina, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was discovered here.
Two other volcanoes are located on the islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea: Etna - on about. Sicily, Stromboli - on the island of the same name as part of the archipelago of the Aeolian Islands.
But perhaps the most interesting from the point of view of mythology is the fourth volcano of the Tyrrhenian Sea, located on the island of Vulcano. Even the “sea people” of the Etruscans believed in the divine purpose of this place, and the ancient Romans did not doubt that it was here, in the south of the Tyrrhenian Sea, that the forge of the Vulcan, the god of fire, was located.
The water of the Tyrrhenian Sea is most transparent, which is another of the many tourist advantages of this Mediterranean region, except for exquisite landscapes, deep bays and a measured way of life of local residents.
However, life here was not always so quiet. On about. Corsica, in Mr. Ajaccio, during the time of the Genoese Republic, Napoleon Buonaparte was born - the second of thirteen children in a poor but aristocratic family. It was he who became the emperor of France and the king of Italy Napolen I Bonaparte. In Corsica, they are proud of their great countryman. Here is the house-museum, where the first emperor of France was born, the church where he was baptized, and a memorial complex in his honor.
Another island of the Tyrrhenian Sea, located very close to Corsica, is also associated with the name of Napoleon. Elba is the largest island of the Tuscan archipelago and the third largest island in Italy after Sicily and Sardinia. In 1814, Napoleon was exiled to Elba, where he immediately declared himself emperor of the island. After staying here for about ten months, Napoleon returned to France, was defeated at Waterloo, was exiled to St. Helena in the South Atlantic, where he died.
Thanks to the beautiful landscapes, it was the Tyrrhenian Sea that many writers chose as the scene of their novels. The most famous of these works is the adventure novel of Alexander Dumas "Count of Monte Cristo." The name of the hero Dumas came up with while traveling the Tyrrhenian Sea. The writer saw the island of Montecristo, and later heard the legend of his treasures. Montecristo Island is part of the Tuscan archipelago, its area is 12 km 2, and the Phoenicians knew about it. The island was notorious: it was the haven of pirates and smugglers. Today it is a nature reserve, and only the caretaker's family lives here.
In the Tyrrhenian Sea is an island that locals call the "island of writers." On the island of Capri, located in the southern part of the Gulf of Naples, at different times Leonid Andreev, Ivan Bunin, Maxim Gorky, Graham Green, Heinrich Mann, Alberto Moravia, Ivan Turgenev, Oscar Wilde and many other great writers lived and worked. And almost each of them left enthusiastic descriptions of the beauties of the Tyrrhenian Sea and Capri himself, visiting the most popular sights of the island, in particular the Blue Grotto Also known as Grotta Azzurra, or the Azure Grotto, it is a natural cave on the northern coast of the island, with a length of about 60 m, with a single entrance from the sea by boat. Light penetrates the grotto from above and gives the water a light blue hue. When the ancient Roman statues were discovered in the grotto, it became clear that they had known about him from ancient times and revered the beauty of this place.
Today, the Tyrrhenian Sea is not only an object of tourism, but also an area of \u200b\u200bintensive shipping: passenger sea lines connect the islands with the mainland. Fishing is also developed: sardines and tuna are caught here. The value of fish stocks is steadily declining, and coastal states have introduced tight control over the size of the catch.

general information

Part of the Mediterranean Sea between the Apennine peninsula off the west coast of Italy (region, and), the islands of Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.
Largest islands:Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Elba, Lipari, Ischia.
Largest cities and ports:  Italy - Naples (963 357 people, 2009), Palermo (657 161 people, 2010), Cagliari (161 465 people, 2004); France - Bastia (42 900 people, 2005). Straits: Corsican, Bonifacio, Sardinian, Sicilian, Messinian.
Languages: Italian, French, Sardinian, Corsican.
Religion: Catholicism.
Currency unit:  Euro.

Figures

Area: 214 thousand km 2.
Max Depth:3719 m.
Average Depth:  1519 m.
Average salinity:  37.2596 ‰ on the surface, 38.25 ‰ on the bottom.

Economy

Industry: mechanical engineering (shipbuilding, ship repair), petrochemical, oil refining, food processing (processing of fish and seafood). Fishing.
Agriculture:  fish farming.
Services: tourism, transport, trade.

Climate and weather

Mediterranean.
Water temperature:  + 13ºС in the winter, + 25ºС in the summer.
Monthly average air temperature:  in summer +20 - + 25ºС. in winter +5 - + 12ºС.
Average annual rainfall:  400-600 mm.
Relative humidity: 60-70%.

sights

■ Corsica island: Ajaccio. Genoese fortress, Bonaparte House-Museum, Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1577-1593);
■ Capri Island: Villa Jovis and thermae (residence of the emperor Tiberius), Villa Damekuta, Piazzetta, Cherio Palace (XIV century), Blue Grotto;
■ National parks: Tuscan archipelago Golfo di Orosei and affairs Gennargentu (island of Sardinia), Aspromonte, Cilento and Vallo di Diano, Circeo;
■ Volcanoes: Stromboli, Vulcano, Vesuvius;
■ Naples (Italy): Castel del Ovo (XV a), Cathedral of St. Januaria (XIII century), Palazzo Reale (XVII century), Gesu Nuovo Square, Castel Nuovo (1279-1282), the ruins of Pompeii;
■ Ischia Island: Aragonese castle (first mentioned 474 BC);
■ Capraia Island: San Giorgio Castle (15th c.).

Curious facts

■ Sardinia Island - the birthplace of Kasu Marzu cheese. Translated from Sardinian, “Kasu Marzu” means “rotten cheese”: it contains live insect larvae. These larvae jump to a height of 15 cm, which is why gourmets have to protect their eyes while eating. Due to the health risk, cheese is officially banned for sale in Italy, but in 2010 Kasu Marzu was recognized as a cultural property of Sardinia and its sale here is again allowed.
■ Stromboli volcano erupts with different strengths about four times per hour for 3 thousand years.
■ According to Greek myths, Aeolus - the son of the god of the seas Poseidon - lives on the islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea. The supreme god Zeus made him the master of the winds. Locals are still convinced that Aeolus lives on the islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea and dominates the Mediterranean winds: tramontane (northern), mistral (north-western), marshmallows (western), libecchio and sirocco (south-western), acute (southern), Levante (eastern), Grekale (northeastern).
■ On the island of Sardinia, in the province of Nuoro - the largest in the world the number of people over the age of 100 years. The explanation for this phenomenon is found in a healthy lifestyle and Mediterranean cuisine. A traditional Sardinian greeting sounds like “a Kentannos,” meaning “live up to a hundred years.”
■ On the island of Capri, the ruins of the villas of the Roman emperors Caesar Augustus and his successor Tiberius have been preserved. The beauty of the island impressed both emperors so much that they built nearly a dozen villas in a relatively small area. Deciding that being in Rome was life-threatening, Tiberius went to Capri and, according to legend, gave orders, sending light signals from the lighthouse, the top of which collapsed from the earthquake a few days before the death of the emperor.
■ On the island of Ischia is the Aragonese castle, built on a cone of volcanic lava. It was erected by order of the tyrant Hieron I of Syracuse in 474 BC. e.
during the war with the Etruscans. In 1441, Alfonso I of Aragon destroyed the external road and improved the bridge between the islands.

From Moscow to Rome or Naples, only three hours of flight. Then a short and light transfer, and a vacation on the Tyrrhenian coast can be considered to have begun. And the Tyrrhenian coast includes hundreds of kilometers of beaches, amazingly beautiful nature, clear sea, small picturesque towns, each of which has its own face, interesting culture, history and traditions.

The beach season here lasts from May to October, the temperature, as a rule, keeps a couple of degrees higher than on the Adriatic coast. The proximity to the coast of cities such as Rome, Naples, Pompeii allows you to schedule an extensive and very rich excursion program to relax on the coast, and the opportunity to visit the islands of Ischia and Capri (so beloved by the distinguished Bolsheviks and writer Maxim Gorky) make the rest even more multifaceted. The main resorts of the Tyrrhenian coast are Anzio, Sabaudia, San Felice Circeo, Terracina, Sperlonga, Gaeta, Formia, Baia Domizia. Each of them is good in its own way, rest in any of them will bring a lot of pleasure.

The main resorts of the Tyrrhenian Sea on the Lazio Riviera

Sabaudia is a unique city that appeared on the map of Italy at the request of its then leader, Mussolini in 1933. Only 253 days were needed to build this resort. In the center of the city, on Commune Square, there is a 45-meter tower that was erected in just 18 days. Young architects, authors of the project, embodied the wildest fantasies, creating Sabaudia, implemented many avant-garde solutions. Still striking in its rationality and reasonable beauty, this resort, which arose in the literal sense of the word, unexpectedly and still is one of the elite resorts in Italy. Sabaudia is buried in flowers and greenery, as Chicheo National Reserve, one of the sights of Italy, is spread around it.

Anzio is located only 40 km from Rome. The city is famous for the fact that at the time it was the residence of the Roman emperors and a favorite resting place of the Roman patricians, apparently, already in those days the wonderful climate of this place was appreciated. In addition, Anzio is known throughout the world as the birthplace of the Roman emperors Nero and Caligula. The ancient philosopher Cicero wrote: "I prefer Anzio to Rome!" The whole life of this town is closely connected with the seaport, which was not only an important transport hub, but also largely determined the course of business and commercial activities in the city. Today, Anzio is a small city that has lost its former commercial significance, but has not lost the quality of a wonderful resort. Wide sandy beaches, diving schools, tennis courts, well-developed infrastructure, a significant number of comfortable hotels make this city no less attractive than during the Roman Emperors. The opportunity to visit the nearby Rome and Naples add to this city attractiveness in the eyes of tourists.

Terracina - it's golden sandy beaches, the azure sea, bright blue sky and magnificent landscapes, so characteristic of the Tyrrhenian coast. This city is replete with unique monuments of antiquity: the famous Appian Way, the temple of Jupiter, built by mysterious Etruscans in the 4th century BC. e., the Cathedral. These priceless monuments of bygone eras are of interest to all civilized humanity.

Sperlonga is one of the seven most beautiful places in Italy. It is - literally - a white city with picturesque winding streets, medieval towers, a large number of observation platforms, a very beautiful coastline. Thanks to the many caves and grottoes in the vicinity of the city, Sperlonga got its name. And she owes her architectural appearance to numerous attacks by pirates. Caves and grottoes attract tourists, even more tourists are attracted by the picturesque beaches in the vicinity of Sperlonga.

Sperlonga

Speaking of the Tyrrhenian coast, one cannot fail to mention the well-known island of Capri, a paradise island. Its climate is comfortable, its landscapes are picturesque, its villas are charming. But the most remarkable is the sea around the island. It is transparent. Well, that is, completely transparent. At 8-10 kilometers. Once the Roman emperors Tiberius and Augustus spent their time here. Much later, in different years, V. Lenin, M. Gorky, N. Aseev, A Chaliapin, I. Bunin lived here. Anyone who has visited the island of Capri will agree that prominent Russians understood a lot about relaxation. However, they are not alone: \u200b\u200bin Capri, Arab sheikhs and Hollywood directors are happy to rest ...

Popular hotels on the Tyrrien coast

Major resorts of the Tyrrhenian Sea in Calabria

Praia a Mare: from here begins the famous Riviera dei Chedri (“Citron Coast”) - the only place in Europe where rare relatives of oranges and lemons grow - citrons.

Scalea is located 109 km from Cosenza at the top of the cliff, almost vertically. Lower Skalea is a modern seaside resort with a well-developed tourist structure and a huge number of hotels.

Cirella has many historical sites worth visiting. Near the coast there is a small island, decorated with fragments of an old watch tower.

Diamante, a former fishing village located in the heart of the Riviera dei Chedri, is one of the most “painted” cities in the world: the walls of the houses are decorated with more than 150 works of famous artists, making the city a real open-air museum.

Belvedere Marittimo (Belvedere Marittimo): from the observation deck of the Old Belvedere, an impressive panorama of the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea and the surrounding mountains. Tourists who are keen on ancient monuments will certainly be interested in the local castle, the icons of the church of Santa Maria del Popolo and the wooden crucifix of the 17th century, stored in the church of Santo Crochifisso.

The modern Cetraro has grown on the site of the ancient Citririum, the city that received this name because of the citron plantations surrounding it. The attention of history buffs here will be attracted by the churches of Ritiro (Chiesa del Ritiro), San Francesco and San Benedetto (a copy of the basilica in Montecassino).

Near the entrance to the city of Guardia Piemontese are the ruins of the old castle, the “Blood Gate” (Porta del Sangue) and the Church of the Apostle Andrew (Chiesa di Sant’Andrea Apostolo). After driving several kilometers inland, you can reach Terme Luigiane, the most famous thermal resort in Calabria.

Fuscaldo (Fuscaldo), consists of two parts: the old Fuscaldo adorns the top of one of the hills, and the young - Marina di Fuscaldo - stretches along the seashore, delighting vacationers with spacious beaches and landscaped city promenade.

Joya Tauro is a three-kilometer sandy beach with small interspersed pebbles. On its territory there are several bars, restaurants and showers. This beach is not covered by cliffs, so it constantly blows a refreshing sea breeze. It is not too crowded and not the most suitable for family vacations.

Palmi beach, like Joya Tauro, is sandy and pebble, but unlike the latter in the summer months it is literally crowded with people. Palmi is surrounded by cliffs and mountains approaching the coast, blocking access to the wind, so during the sultry period it can be too hot here.

Tropea is a beautiful sandy beach with fine and soft sand.

Capo Vaticano is a 500-meter beach covered with soft, clean sand. Also, like Tropea, it is very crowded, without enough parking spaces. Couples and lonely vacationers come here in search of new acquaintances.

Scylla is a classic sandy beach surrounded by cliffs. Here, refreshing winds are extremely rare and you can escape from the heat only in the sea or a few local bars.

Reggio Calabria is a new bulk beach, the sand for which was brought from Joya Tauro.

Near the fishing village of Soverato stretch kilometers of snow-white sandy beaches. There are both “civilized” areas with bars, restaurants, sunbeds and showers, and secluded corners. A picturesque promenade stretches along the beach.

• Salerno is called the "sunny city" - and he fully justifies this name. Among the ancient sights of the city can be called the Palatine Chapel, made of stones (inside - ancient murals of the XI century), the Cathedral of San Matteo of the XI century, the medieval castle of Areca; and more about the history of the city and the region can be found in the Archaeological Museum of Salerno.
• Amalfi - refers to the province of Salerno. According to legend, the city was named after one of the wives of Zeus. Since the city is located on a hill and has a vertical location, from almost anywhere in the city offers a wonderful view of the bay. Of the attractions, we can mention St. Andrew's Cathedral, where services are held every Sunday.

  Every year, marine competitions of national importance - the “Regatta of the Maritime Republics”, are held in Amalfi Bay, which is considered to be a very prestigious affair.

  

•   - An ideal place for fans of the spa: on this island a large number of thermal springs. This is a great option for those who seek a secluded vacation and are used to combining relaxation with restorative procedures.



• Sperlonga as if divided into two parts:  along the coast there is a resort area with sandy beaches and entertainment complexes, and a little higher is the historic city center with old buildings and a number of architectural attractions. The beaches are of the “blue flag” category, which is an indicator of cleanliness and environmental friendliness.



• Ajaccio, located on the island of Corsica, went down in history for the reason that Napoleon Bonaparte was born in this city - the second child of thirteen in a poor family. Despite the acts committed by Napoleon, the Corsicans are proud of their eminent countryman. In Ajaccio there is Napoleon’s house-museum, the church where he was baptized, as well as a memorial built in his honor and named after him.



• Capri is called the "island of writers." At one time, many writers loved to relax here, whose names today make up the golden fund of world literature - Heinrich Mann, Ivan Bunin, Maxim Gorky, Oscar Wilde and others. The most famous attraction of the island is the Blue (Azure) grotto., a natural cave with a single boat entrance from the sea.

The light penetrating this cave gives a bluish glow, which gave the cave its name. There are statues in the grotto - apparently, this place was especially revered in antiquity.



• Sabaudia - a glamorous resort town. It is mainly Italian bohemia that rests here, and the resort itself is clearly not a budget resort. In Sabaudia, chic opportunities for a beach holiday and for water sports.

  Among historical sights  - Villa Domitian (a building dating from the 1st century - a complex of Roman baths), the Church of the Annunziata, Guattari cave with its riddles. Among the secular entertainment - discos, bars and clubs. Near the city is the Circeo National Park.



• Anzio - a port city near Rome. Legends of antiquity say that Antaeus (the son of Odysseus and Circe) was born here, in whose honor the city was named. Anzio was also a favorite vacation spot of Emperor Nero - you can still walk to the ruins of an ancient imperial villa.

  Significant antique buildings can not be found here  - everything was destroyed during the Second World War, but the surviving ancient artifacts from the excavation sites can be seen in the Anzio Archaeological Museum.



• Terracina - a paradise for admirers of antiquities. Here are the famous Neapolitan Gate, the equally famous Appian Way, the forum of Emilian, the Rose Tower and the Temple of Jupiter. A few kilometers from the city there is a large Miami Beach water park with various slides and attractions. Very popular among tourists boat trips or fishing tours to the sea.



Montecristo - an island in the Tyrrhenian Seaincluded in the Tuscan archipelago. Fans of the work of Alexander Dumas do not need to explain why this island is famous and famous.



Attractions and entertainment

The Tyrrhenian Sea region can be without exaggeration called the best place for a beach holiday. Small sandy bays, lush vegetation, clear water and a mild climate - all this is the key to a great vacation. The beaches are mostly rocky or pebble.  (only in Terracina and Sperlonga the beaches are sandy), and the beach areas are protected from the winds by cliffs or hills.

Tyrrhenian Sea - a great place for yachting, boating, diving.



Those who like to spend time studying the culture of the country and visiting various excursions, you can pay attention to historical areas. Many cities have preserved the legacy of the ancient era - the ruins of palaces and temples, ancient man-made caves and sanctuaries.

For example, you can go to, or Naples, to discover the uncharted pages of Italian history and see with your own eyes the buildings that have come down to us from the depths of centuries. Lovers of antiquities will enjoy the tour to the Appian Way or the Temple of Jupiter.



Gaeta's small town was once a military fort., and today still preserved buildings, talking about past battles. Lovers of water parks will like the cities of Terracina and Cassino - in the vicinity of these cities there are large water parks with a variety of entertainment and attractions for both children and adults.

The Tyrrhenian Sea is loved by Italians, as well as tourists who come to the country to soak up the coast, to visit beautiful old towns.

Location

Finding the Tyrrhenian Sea on the map is very easy. It washes the western part of Italy. The sea is part of the Mediterranean Sea, passing between such islands as:

• Sicily;
• Sardinia
• Corsica
• Ischia;
• Capri;
• Pontian;
• Liparsky;
• Tuscan archipelago;
• Apennine Peninsula.

Tyrrhenian Sea on the map

Currents

Sea currents create the so-called cyclonic circulation, which is of a general nature.

Historical events

The pond was the territory of maritime companies and campaigns that the Romans carried out to other regions of the world. The inhabitants of Rome called the Lower Sea. The sea got its name in honor of the ancient peoples who fled here, according to legend, from mainland Greece, more precisely from the city of Lydia. One of the tribes - the Etruscans - was headed by Tsarevich Tyrren. In his honor, immigrants began to be called Tyrrhenes.

What straits are in the Tyrrhenian Sea

• Sicilian;
• Messinian;
• Stromboli;
• Bonifacio;
• Corsican
• Sardinian.

Relief

On the bottom of the Tyrrhenian Sea runs a fault, which is located between Europe and Africa. On the shores of the reservoir are such famous volcanoes as Mount Vesuvius, Vulcano and Stramboli. Their eruptions can occur several times per hour.

Cities and ports

On the coast are such historical areas as Campania, Calabria, Lazio, Tuscany. The largest port cities are:

• Bastia - from France;
• Cagliari;
• Naples; Palermo;
• Rome (port of Civitavecchia, which is located 68 kilometers from the capital);
• Salerno
• Trapani;
• Dzhioja Tauro (island port and city).

Naples photo

Flora and fauna

The fauna in the sea is the same as in the Mediterranean; it is eel, sardine, swordfish, tuna, etc. Peridinea is common among algae.

Characteristic

• Sea area 214,000 km 2;
• The Tyrrhenian Sea is divided into two basins - Vavilova and Marsili. Between themselves they are divided by the underwater ridge of Issel, named after Arthur Iscel;
• The reservoir is located in the Mediterranean northern subtropical climatic zone;
• Precipitation is distributed according to the seasons and the influence of air masses. In summer, there is practically no rain, and in winter, precipitation in the form of small rains occurs quite often;
• The sea is located in a basin, the maximum depth of which is 3719 meters. The average depths are more than 1.5 kilometers;
• Warm weather prevails at sea, which is characterized by a light breeze;
• Wind directions are constantly changing, which affects the waves and weather;
• Summer at sea is quite hot, the weather is clear and quiet, winter is dominated by mild, gloomy, rather windy;
• The average annual rainfall is 500ml;
• The maximum water temperature in August is 25 degrees Celsius, and in winter it stays at +13 degrees;
• Sea water is quite salty, the level of ppm varies from 37.7 to 38 units.

ischia island photo

• A huge number of historical attractions, most of which are concentrated in cities such as Anzio, Terracina, Sperlonga, Ajaccio. Anzio during the Roman Empire was the residence of emperors and the elite of society;
• The Tyrrhenian Sea is also famous for the fact that on its banks are the ruins of the city of Pompeii, whose inhabitants died during the eruption of Vesuvius. Here until now, research is being conducted and archaeological expeditions are constantly working. The entrance to the city is open to all comers, tourists can visit the ancient ruins;
• The ancient area of \u200b\u200bMiratea is rich in villas, castles and temples, which are buried in picturesque greenery;
• On the island of Ischia, which is located in the middle of the sea, there are healing thermal springs. The baths were built during the time of the Romans, and are perfectly preserved, performing their functions today.