Alaska climbing denali. Mount Denali (McKinley), Alaska - North America's highest peak Mount Alaska 5

In the state of Alaska is one of the most beautiful and picturesque sights of the United States - Mount Denali. In height, it reaches 6190 meters (the highest point of North America). The climate here is especially severe. At the top of the mountain, the lowest air temperature (-83 0 С) was recorded. Denali is part of a national nature reserve.

A bit of history

Centuries ago, the territory of Denali Park, located at the very foot of the mountain, was inhabited by Atabaskan tribes. They called this valley “Great” or “Denali”. During the Russian colonization, the mountain was called the "Big Mountain". In 1896, the famous American gold digger William Dickey came across this fabulous place and told the whole world about the existence of an incredible natural creation. Thanks to him, the mountain was named in honor of the then president - the great William McKinley. In Europe, they first heard about Mount McKinley only at the end of the 18th century. This was facilitated by the English traveler and explorer George Vancouver. He wrote several essays about the high mighty mountain of Alaska. It was put on the map in 1839, thanks to the Russian geographer and scientist Ferdinand von Wrangel. A little later, another Russian traveler Lavrenty Zagoskin took up a thorough study of the area. He has written many books on Alaska and its natural attractions. A hundred years later (on August 28, 2015, by decision of US President Barack Obama), Mount McKinley regained its former name - Denali.

Conquering Denali

Travelers and explorers all over the world dreamed of conquering this impregnable mountain. The 20th century was marked by the first ascents. In 1903, the famous traveler James Cook made his attempt to storm Denali. Together with the expedition, he reached a height of 3700 meters. They were not destined to get to the top; they had to interrupt the route because of the danger of an avalanche convergence. Three years later, James Cook made another attempt to conquer this harsh mountain. Several months passed before the expedition reached the very top. Travelers stayed there quite a bit, but the impressions were unforgettable. A couple of years later, Cook wrote the book “On the Roof of the Continent”, in which he spoke in detail about his difficult path and the breathtaking beauty that awaited them there. After the release of the book, Cook's envious comrade Robert Peary accused him of lying. He made a loud statement that all Cook's stories about the conquest of Denali were fictitious. The traveler failed to refute the allegations. Only a few decades later his good name was restored. Russian climbers decided to follow the same path as Cook. Following his map and descriptions, the expedition reached the top of the mountain. Long-standing disputes finally stopped.

Another conqueror of the mountain ranges of Alaska was a group of researchers led by clergyman Hudson Staki. In 2002, Denali surrendered to the mercy of the Russian traveler Matvey Shparo. Many sought to conquer her, but not all succumbed to her. Many became victims of an avalanche, some simply froze, others fell down. Mount Denali is one of the harshest and hardest peaks to climb.

Denali Nature Reserve

At the very foot of Denali there is a magnificent natural park of the same name. A wilderness island lost in the midst of impregnable mountain ranges. The main decoration of the reserve is Horshu Lake. In its clear waters, the snow-white tops of the mountains are reflected. The opening panorama is so beautiful that it is breathtaking. The wild beauty of the Tanana River captivates and fascinates. For tourists, Denali provides remarkably equipped viewing platforms. The view from them is unforgettable. Denali Park is divided into several natural zones. There is an impassable tundra, and a quick desert, marshy swamps and green valleys, high mountains and deep rivers, blue lakes and fabulous waterfalls. Tourists are given the opportunity, along with a guide, to make an incredibly interesting journey through the reserve park or go to the mountains. On the territory of Denali there are several special sites for camping. Here are wonderful places for fishing.

Millions of tourists from around the globe annually come here in search of extreme sports, new sensations, looking for solitude with nature. Many people rush here only to enjoy the local beauties, take a break from the bustle of the city, breathe in clean fresh air, try climbing, skiing, and go fishing.

Mountains of Alaska. What are they like?

The mountains of Alaska were first discovered and mapped by Russian travelers, headed by L. A. Zagoskin. For two years, from 1842 to 1844, they sailed several thousand kilometers along the tributaries of the Yukon. And they discovered the mountains of Cordillera stretching south from the shores of Alaska.

Cordillera is a system of mountain ranges with plateaus between them. consist of three mountain range belts. The largest belt is located in the eastern part. In the west lies the Aleutian Islands belt, a flooded volcanic chain of 111 islands. Over the peninsula of Alaska, the mountains are becoming higher and higher, reaching 3,500-4,000 meters in height, and form an Alaskan ridge. It is here that the highest peak of North America, the two-headed McKinley, is more than 6,000 meters high. This name grief was given in honor of the President of the United States, who ruled the country from 1897 to 1901. Between the eastern and western parts of the Cordillera are plateaus. There is a third Cordillera belt. It runs along the coast of the Pacific Ocean.

The mountains of Alaska are relatively young. Scientists suggest that they acquired their current form in the Cenozoic era due to the instability of the local relief, as many extinct volcanoes located here can tell.

Alaska Mountains Weather Conditions

One cannot characterize the climate of the mountains of Alaska with a specific word, because due to the indented coastline and the rather large size of Alaska itself, the weather at different points in it can be very surprising in its contrast. For example, in the coastal areas in the winter season, the thermometer almost does not fall below -5 due to the fact that the mountains do not allow cold wind. Therefore, it is constantly damp and windy. In areas farther from the coast, the weather is less compassionate and can greatly spoil life with cold, gusty winds and frequent hurricanes in winter accompanied by heavy snowfall.

The climate of Alaska made the development of agriculture on this land almost impossible. Here is the world's largest glaciation, an area of \u200b\u200bapproximately 104 square meters. km But recently, this figure was much higher. Glaciers are gradually melting, forming rays that go straight into the ocean. Interestingly, this creates the conditions for the formation of soil, in some cases a small forest even grows in these areas, which moves together with melting water and ice.

It is thanks to its melting glaciers for many thousands of years that the mountains of Alaska today represent exactly what they represent. The peaks under the influence of glaciers became sharper, the slopes were steeper, and some of the basins became deeper, and some filled with water.

Alaska's natural wealth

Flora Alaska can not be called scarce. In the southeast, you can find forests with deciduous trees, spruce, fir. These forests are impassable, full of marshy swamps and fallen trees blocking the road. There are many ferns and mosses, which, due to a glut of meltwater, reach terrifying proportions. In the forests there is a very large selection of different berries, but they are all fresh and watery.

In the mountain forests of Alaska, you can meet with a grizzly bear, and with the largest representatives of moose, bison, foxes, wolves, porcupines and beavers in the world. In the rivers you will see the largest trout and salmon.

The main part of the mountains of Alaska, not occupied by dense forests, consists of tundra, snowy deserts and bare rocky grounds. Animals here also live in a lesser variety - you can see a musk ox, caribou deer, Arctic fox or wild sheep.

Speaking of Alaska, one can not help but recall the minerals with which this land is abundant. Platinum, mercury, lead, gold is far from a complete list of the useful resources mined here. Southeastern forests provide a field for the timber industry. Reindeer husbandry, fur farming and, of course, hunting are developed.

Where to go to a tourist in Alaska

Every year the number of people wishing to get here is increasing. And this is not surprising, because Alaska is one of the few remaining places on the planet, on which man has not yet been able to fully influence. This is the land of wildlife, a land where everyone can feel as if he had been transported millions of years ago and feel the pristine freshness and purity of this place untouched by civilization.

One of the most visited places in Alaska by tourists. It is located in the southern part. Mount Kathmai is a large volcano crater filled with water. The spectacle is unimaginably beautiful and very impressive. The height of this crater is almost 2 kilometers. Previously, it was even higher, but the volcanic eruption cut off its peak on June 5, 1912. It was the largest volcano eruption of the 20th century. Scientists talk about probable future re-eruptions.

Going to the mountains of Alaska, it is impossible not to be imbued with their unwavering power, this calm majesty, thousand-year-old silence and centuries-old history. You will remember the trip here for a long time and will always be bright.

Denali is the highest mountain in North America, its height is 6190 meters. Located in the center of Denali National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. For more than a hundred years, this two-headed mountain was called McKinley. Only in 2015, US President Barack Obama returned its historical name.
  This is one of the most inaccessible peaks of the world, but you can go the simple way. There are small tours on airplanes: tourists are briefly landed on the glacier, allowed to enjoy the view and take pictures. Planes depart from the airport of Talkitna - this is the last base for expeditions to Denali, from here it is only 95 km to the mountain.
  38 photos

Photos and text of Glory Stepanov
  1. It is believed that in 1839 the Russian navigator Ferdinand Wrangel put the mountain on the map of Russian America. Until 1867, Denali was the highest point of the Russian Empire, until March 30, Alaska, along with the mountain, was not sold to the United States.

2. Translated from the language of the Atabascan Indians, the name of Mount Denali means "Great." The Russians during the period of the colonization of Alaska simply called it - Big Mountain. According to some reports, this is one of the options for translating an Indian name.

3.


  4. In 1896, the gold digger William Dickey made the first scientific measurements, showing that the height of the peak reaches values \u200b\u200bof more than 6000 meters. He proposed to name it in honor of the candidate for the post of US President William McKinley, who in his election program, one of the points put the security of the US dollar gold reserve. This name (Mount McKinley) was used until 2015.


  5. The mountain has an unusual shape, it is one of the few "two-headed mountains." This is not visible in the photo, as The "second head" is hidden.


  6. Located 210 km north of the largest city in Alaska - Anchorage.


  7. If you count from the base (deep under water) to the top, the height of this massif will be greater than that of the greatest peak in the world - Mount Everest.


  8. In fact, it is a huge granite block, which began to advance from the earth's surface about 60 million years ago due to tectonic activity.


9.


  10. In 1975, the Alaska Geographic Names Council changed the name of the mountain from McKinley to Denali. However, the renaming was blocked by Congressman Ralph Regula. And only his retirement in 2009 allowed to return to this issue.


  11. On August 28, 2015, the top was returned to the original name of Denali by decision of US President Barack Obama.


  12. According to statistics, almost 100 climbers have already died while trying to conquer the Denali peaks. Only 58% get to the top.


  13. The conquest of the peak began in 1906 - Frederick Cook ascended the southern peak of McKinley. This was preceded by two unsuccessful attempts. The southern peak is higher, so it is believed that if it was possible to conquer, it was possible to conquer the entire mountain.


  14. The next expeditions of other researchers were less successful - in 1932, two climbers died on the mountain.


  15. The list of top victims is replenished almost every year.


  16. Climbing this mountain is a test for the most persistent. Denali is often compared with Everest for the difficulty of climbing: around glaciers in cracks, uninhabited open spaces, frost down to -35 ° C. Automatic weather stations at an altitude of 5300 meters recorded a temperature of -83 ° C. There is also an increased risk of mountain sickness due to the high latitude at which the mountain is located.


17. The most popular climbing routes are mastered from the southwest and south sides of the peak. The most popular and simplest - West Buttress - can be classified as a mountaineering deuce (2A-2B), however, the harsh conditions of the north can make significant adjustments to the climbing plans, adding an extra 5-7 days to the time of the expedition.


  18. Local companies organize flights from the town of Talkitna to the Kahiltna Glacier.


  19. Small planes deliver groups of tourists, as well as climbers who are going to conquer Denali.

20. The plane takes on board up to 10 people.


  21. Ski.


  22. Aircraft De Havilland Canada DHC-3 ("Otter") airline "K2 Aviation".


  23. While parked on a glacier, there is time to enjoy nature, take pictures and play snowballs at an altitude of more than 2000 meters.


24.


25.


  26. Kahiltna Glacier is the longest glacier in Alaska.
  Its length is 76 km, area - 580 square meters. km For world-class climbers and mountain tourists, this glacier becomes the last "playground" before climbing to the top.


27.


  28. Tokositna glacier glacier originates on the eastern slope of Mount Hunter, also part of the Alaskan Range. It is the source of the Tokositna river.


29.


  30. Ruth glacier. It is considered one of the highest glaciers in Alaska - it slides from a height of more than 5000 meters. At the same time, it is one of the fastest moving glaciers - every day Ruth shifts by a meter.


  31. The appearance of glaciers is mesmerizing: huge gray-black rocks crowned with openwork snow ridges and caps stretch up from under the icy growths.


32.


33.


  34. A glacier passes into a reservoir.


  35. The Denali National Reserve is spread over an area of \u200b\u200b25,000 square meters. km around the mountain ranges. In 1976, he received the status of an international biosphere reserve.


  36. The wildlife of the reserve is so rich that Denali is often called the “Subarctic Serengeti” (a national park in Tanzania, known throughout the world for the richness of the wildlife).


  37. The territory of the park is crossed by numerous and very wide rivers flowing through mountain valleys. The most picturesque are the Tanana River and the lakes of glacial origin, Wonder and Chilchukaben.


  38. Alaskan town of Talkitna, from where flights to Denali take place. The population of the city is only about 900 people.
Interestingly, for already 19 years, the mayor of this city is a cat named Stubbs. Personally with the mayor of Talkitna, 30–40 tourists meet daily. In September 2013, Stubbs was hospitalized after a dog attack - the mayor of Talkitna received serious injuries.

Denali, the highest mountain in North America. Included in the climbing program "7-TOP." The 7-TOP program involves climbing all the highest peaks, 5 continents and 2 poles.
Denali is a two-headed mountain in the south of central Alaska, the highest mountain of North America. Located in the center of Denali National Park. From 1896 until August 28, 2015, it was called McKinley, in honor of the 25th President of the United States of America. At the beginning of the 19th century, it was called the Big Mountain and was the highest point of the Russian Empire.

Height 6190 meters (according to the US Geological Survey). Excess - 6135 m (3rd in the list of largest mountains in relative height).
It is believed that in 1839, the Russian polar explorer, Admiral Ferdinand von Wrangel, put the mountain on a map of Russian America.

And another good amateur movie ...

The first European to investigate and leave a record of this high mountain was the Russian expedition leader Lavrenty Alekseevich Zagoskin. He was probably the first of the Europeans to see her from two sides, although it is not excluded that it could be the one who put the mountain on the map of Wrangell.

From 1799 to 1867, the mountain was the highest point of the Russian Empire, until March 30, 1867 Alaska, where Denali is located, was sold to the United States.
Translated from the language of the Atabascan Indians, the name of Mount Denali means "great."

The Russians during the period of the colonization of Alaska simply called it - Big Mountain. According to some reports, this is one of the options for translating an Indian name.

The young scientist William Dickey, who informed the world about the highest mountain of North America in 1896, proposed to name it in honor of the newly elected US President William McKinley. The name was used from 1917 [source not specified 44 days] to 2015.

In 1975, the Alaska Geographic Names Council changed the name of the mountain from McKinley to Denali, and the Alaskan Legislature approved the decision by submitting it to the U.S. Geographic Names Council. However, the renaming was blocked by Republican Congressman Ralph Regula of Russian, whose district includes Canton in Ohio, the city where President McKinley grew up and where the McKinley National Memorial is located. the latter retired in 2009 allowed to return to this issue.

On August 28, 2015, the top was returned to the original name of Denali by decision of US President Barack Obama.
It is located on the territory of Borough Denali, 210 km north of the largest city of Alaska - Anchorage and 275 km southwest of the city of Fairbanks.

The summit belongs to the Alaskan ridge system.
In fact, it is a huge granite block, which began to advance from the earth's surface about 60 million years ago due to tectonic activity.

The top of the mountain is everywhere covered with snowfields, serving as a source of food for the adjacent glaciers and reaching the greatest power on the southern slope.
In 1906, Frederick Cook stated that he managed to reach the top of the mountain in tandem with the conductor Edward Barril. In 1909, Cook, shortly after Piri’s accusations of being superior to the North Pole, was also accused of falsifying materials about conquering the mountain (mainly Piri’s friends tried to do this). The reason was Barryl’s statement and the provision of fake photographs. A number of modern climbers prove that Cook did not reach the top, but others (Vashburn, D. Shparo) just as well prove the opposite. The next climb to the mountain took place on June 7, 1913 under the guidance of Hudson Stack.

In 1932, when climbing a mountain, two members of the expedition died, becoming the first dead on Denali. According to statistics, almost 100 climbers were killed while climbing the mountain; by the beginning of the 21st century, only 58 percent of the climbers reached the top.

In 2002, Russian climbers climbed Denali under the direction of Matvey Shparo. Its uniqueness is that among 11 climbers (Shparo M., Banar O., Afanasyev V., Bogatyrev M., Gubaev A., Agafonov A., Gvozdev S., Smolin B., Sobolev A.) there were two disabled people in chairs (Ushakov Igor, the city of Kursk and Tsar'kov Georgiy, the city of Kumertau) put on skis.

On June 13, 2014, the Catalan Kilian Jornet Burgada set a record for high-speed ascent to the summit along the Rescue Gully route: 11 hours 40 minutes.

On January 11, 2015, American mountaineer Lonnie Dupre became the first mountain climber to climb the summit in a solitary climb in winter.

I would also go to this mountain, but somehow far away and a little expensive, in general we will think.
See you!
See you.

Denali is the highest mountain in North America, its height is 6190 meters. Located in the center of Denali National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska. For more than a hundred years, this two-headed mountain was called McKinley. Only in 2015, US President Barack Obama returned its historical name.

This is one of the most inaccessible peaks of the world, but you can go the simple way. There are small tours on airplanes: tourists are briefly landed on the glacier, allowed to enjoy the view and take pictures. Planes depart from the airport of Talkitna - this is the last base for expeditions to Denali, from here it is only 95 km to the mountain.

1. It is believed that in 1839 the Russian navigator Ferdinand Wrangel put the mountain on the map of Russian America. Until 1867, Denali was the highest point of the Russian Empire, until March 30, Alaska, along with the mountain, was not sold to the United States.

4. In 1896, the gold digger William Dickey made the first scientific measurements, showing that the height of the peak reaches values \u200b\u200bof more than 6000 meters. He proposed to name it in honor of the candidate for the post of US President William McKinley, who in his election program, one of the points put the security of the US dollar gold reserve. This name (Mount McKinley) was used until 2015.

5. The mountain has an unusual shape, it is one of the few "two-headed mountains." This is not visible in the photo, as The "second head" is hidden.

6. Located 210 km north of the largest city of Alaska -.

8. In fact, it is a huge granite block, which began to advance from the earth's surface about 60 million years ago due to tectonic activity.

10. In 1975, the Alaska Geographic Names Council changed the name of the mountain from McKinley to Denali. However, the renaming was blocked by Congressman Ralph Regula. And only his retirement in 2009 allowed to return to this issue.

11. On August 28, 2015, the top was returned to the original name of Denali by decision of US President Barack Obama.

12. According to statistics, almost 100 climbers have already died while trying to conquer the Denali peaks. Only 58% get to the top.

13. The conquest of the peak began in 1906 - Frederick Cook ascended to the southern peak of McKinley. This was preceded by two unsuccessful attempts. The southern peak is higher, so it is believed that if it was possible to conquer, it was possible to conquer the entire mountain.

14. The next expeditions of other researchers were less successful - in 1932, two climbers died on the mountain.

15. The list of top victims is replenished almost every year.

16. Climbing this mountain is a test for the most persistent. Denali is often compared with Everest for the difficulty of climbing: around glaciers in cracks, uninhabited open spaces, frost down to -35 ° C. Automatic weather stations at an altitude of 5300 meters recorded a temperature of -83 ° C. There is also an increased risk of mountain sickness due to the high latitude at which the mountain is located.

17. The most popular climbing routes are mastered from the southwest and south sides of the peak. The most popular and simplest - West Buttress - can be classified as a mountaineering deuce (2A-2B), however, the harsh conditions of the north can make significant adjustments to the climbing plans, adding an extra 5-7 days to the time of the expedition.

18. Local companies organize flights from the town of Talkitna to the Kahiltna Glacier.

19. Small planes deliver groups of tourists, as well as climbers who are going to conquer Denali.

20. The plane takes on board up to 10 people.

22. Aircraft De Havilland Canada DHC-3 ("Otter") airline "K2 Aviation".

23. While parked on the glacier, there is time to enjoy nature, take pictures and play snowballs at an altitude of more than 2000 meters.

26. Kahiltna Glacier is the longest glacier in Alaska.

Its length is 76 km, area - 580 square meters. km For world-class climbers and mountain tourists, this glacier becomes the last "playground" before climbing to the top.

28. Tokositna glacier glacier originates on the eastern slope of Mount Hunter, also part of the Alaskan Range. It is the source of the Tokositna river.

30. Ruth glacier. It is considered one of the highest glaciers in Alaska - it slides from a height of more than 5000 meters. At the same time, it is one of the fastest moving glaciers - every day Ruth shifts by a meter.

31. The appearance of glaciers is mesmerizing: huge gray-black rocks crowned with openwork snow ridges and caps stretch up from under the icy growths.

34. A glacier passes into a reservoir.

35. Denali National Forest is spread over an area of \u200b\u200b25,000 square meters. km around the mountain ranges. In 1976, he received the status of an international biosphere reserve.

36. The wildlife of the reserve is so rich that Denali is often called the “Subarctic Serengeti” (a national park in Tanzania, known throughout the world for the richness of the wildlife).

37. The territory of the park is crossed by numerous and very wide rivers flowing through mountain valleys. The most picturesque are the Tanana River and the lakes of glacial origin, Wonder and Chilchukaben.

38. Alaskan town of Talkitna, from where flights to Denali take place. The population of the city is only about 900 people.

Interestingly, for 19 years, the mayor of this city is a cat named Stubbs. Personally with the mayor of Talkitna, 30–40 tourists meet daily. In September 2013, Stubbs was hospitalized after a dog attack - the mayor of Talkitna received serious injuries.