The most beautiful gardens in Europe. The Great Spring Garden of Europe - Keukenhof Park Garden of Europe What kind of country is it?

Europeans love to please the eye with the bright greenery of their gardens and colorful flowers. Therefore, they achieved extraordinary skill in creating amazing park ensembles.

The most beautiful gardens in Europe according to The Telegraph newspaper at the end of 2008

Little Sparta (formerly Stone Path) was once the property of the poet and sculptor Ian Hamilton Finlay. It is his works that decorate the park, which stretches around a stone house on the mountain. The artist lived and worked in this park, filling it with his inspiration, philosophy and creative ideas. Over the years, the garden carried the spirit of not only past years, but also the feeling that you really were in ancient Sparta.

The Giusti Garden was created back in 1580, and, according to the English writer John Evelyn, it is one of the most stunning parks in Europe. Verona Park is located on several terraces of a green slope. It is decorated with flower beds, flower beds, and greenhouses. Full of French chic, this garden has numerous grottoes, decorative stone ensembles, and rare plant species.

3. Het Loo, Netherlands

Het Loo - summer residence Dutch royal family in Apeldoorn. The palace was built back in 1680. Outwardly, it looks quite modest, and the park around is very reminiscent of “ordinary” ones. park ensembles at French palaces. These places have been seen by more than one generation of royal families, so even in the air here there is a spirit of royal grandeur. Even the old trees have absorbed the feeling of the presence of large faces, and the green lawns seem to be created for leisurely walks.

The Ninfa Garden, located in the mountainous area near Rome, is considered one of the most romantic gardens in Italy. This park is kept under strict protection as the most expensive masterpiece of Italian landscape art. More than 2 thousand plants bloom in the park, many of which were brought from the most remote corners of the planet. Rare roses and jasmine coexist perfectly with cypress trees, and lavender fills the garden with an intoxicating aroma. Every visitor is looking for beauty and pleasure for the soul in this garden, because this park is spread out around the ruins of a medieval city, as if breathing in new life to these places.

Rusham Park is the creation of the famous English architect William Kent. Rusham is an example of a landscape garden in 18th century England. Here picturesque meadows are replaced by murmuring streams, sculptures, pavilions and gazebos. Kent came up with original cascades, three-dimensional compositions - “pictures”. Any detail surrounding nature skillfully included in the overall composition.

This unusual park was planted at the end of the last century in Tuscany. On a vast territory there are 22 monumental sculptures corresponding to the 22 main Tarot cards. The sculptures are made of cement, covered with colored mosaics, pieces of mirrors, glass and ceramics. The garden is surrounded by an impregnable stone wall. She separates fairy world from the real, “like a dragon that guards real treasures.”

7. Sissinghurst, UK

One of the UK's most visited topiary gardens. Its appearance significantly influenced the overall design of topiary gardens of the twentieth century, and fences simply became a model for everyone to follow. The park consists of several “rooms”. The main attraction of the park is the so-called “White Garden”.

Stourhead is a park-palace created in a fairytale style. Surprises await visitors at every step. Either a mysterious path along the lake will lead to a grotto or waterfall, or the road will lead interested travelers to ancient ruins. The park's collection of flowering bushes is one of the largest in England. Thanks to the gentle slopes that descend to the lake, the clever placement of romantic gazebos and the picturesque valley, this place has been known as a piece of paradise for three centuries.

The main feature of this park is Mount Stuart Palace. In the XVIII century. The Marquis of Londonderry lived here, and then the future Prime Minister of England, Lord Castlereagh (19th century). spent his childhood in the castle. Today the palace and park are under special supervision of the British government, since the castle is surrounded by 200 hectares of parkland, famous for its wonderful plants.

10. Powys Castle, Wales

The red brick fortress amazes with its ancient architecture, and the wonderful hanging gardens, fragrant flowers and green hedges finally convince visitors of the uniqueness of this place. Each period of history brought here various innovations that complemented natural beauty park and finally made it an impressive, majestic and lush garden-architectural complex.

In the 19th century, Baron and Baroness Van Pallandt commissioned a landscape architect Jan David Zocher and his son Louis Paul Zocher, who are also known for their work on Vondelpark, develop a design for the area around the castle. The foundation of the Keukenhof park lands began in 1857. In this case, the classical principles of English park construction were used.

The idea of ​​creating amusement park flowers, while also generating profit from sales, appeared among flower producers and exporters in the 1940s. It was decided to create a visual exhibition for the flower trade. They began to grow not only tulips, but also daffodils, hyacinths, and Japanese sakura. The park was introduced to the world in 1949, when entrepreneurs and exporters of bulbous flowers organized a flower exhibition here under open air.

Mill in Keukenhof park

Separately, it is worth mentioning the ancient mill, which is located on the territory of the park. It was built in 1892 in the Dutch city of Groningen.

The original purpose was to use the mill to pump water from the polder. In 1957, Holland American Line bought this mill and donated it to Keukenhof, where restoration work was carried out on it in 2008. Since then, it has been located in the park as an open-air museum, and everyone can watch internal device classic Dutch windmill.

Park structure

Keukenhof Park, located on 32 hectares of land.

About 7 million bulbous plants (hyacinths, crocuses, daffodils, hazel grouse, muscari).

Of these, there are about 4.5 million tulips of 100 different varieties.

About 90 species of trees.

Located on the territory large number lakes, ponds, waterfalls, streams, canals. Most of them are accessible by boats.

More than 40 bridges and bridges connect the shores of lakes and canals.

The total length of all footpaths is about 15 km.

Along the paths there are sculptures of Dutch and foreign masters from different eras: Koning, Kervel, Vermeer, Bruning, Alexander Taratynov.

The park also features: a pet farm, a “Royal Hats” pavilion, an English tea pavilion, a children’s entertainment complex"Bollebozen", restaurants, cafes, parking.

The park consists of three greenhouses:

• Willem-Alexander Pavilion - amaryllis, hyacinths, hydrangeas, lilies, potted plants and bulbous flowers in pots.

• Oranje Nassau Pavilion - freesias, gerberas, roses, tulips, irises, alstroemerias, daffodils, chrysanthemums, callas and carnations.

Tourist information

When planning visits to the park, it is advisable to avoid general weekend and European holidays that fall during the park's operating period, in particular holidays celebrated according to the Gregorian Easter. On such days, access to the park may be difficult/closed due to the full occupancy of parking spaces at the entrance to the park.

Gallery

The site itself is over a hundred years old, so it can easily be called a family estate. The garden is already over forty, and at the same time it is constantly changing. Only the pond did not change its location - previously the beds were watered from it, and when this need no longer existed, it was made decorative: with a beautiful willow and loosestrife on the shore, rare nymphaeum and water lilies that decorate water surface.

However, the main attraction in the current appearance of the garden is near the fence. It is made according to a simple but reasonable principle: do not be lazy, grow summer gardens and take care of the attached flower beds from indoor plants. You rarely see such fuchsias and pelargoniums anywhere! And everything is very neat, cozy, with no feeling of kitsch or deliberateness, as is often the case with flower beds in a “country” style.

2. Four Seasons Garden, Walsall, UK

In 1992, Dr. Tony Newton and his wife Marie decided that they were already pretty tired of the garden that they got with the house they bought. They got down to business and new garden became one of the most unusual and popular in England. To make it spectacular all year round, the couple selected plants with a very long decorative period. These are mainly trees and shrubs, many of which are cut and pinched.

The garden consists of three parts. The upper area with a lawn and formal, very contrasting plantings is the calling card of the couple. In the “jungle”, or average garden with a pagoda, exotic plants grow: bamboos, ferns, palms and bananas. The lower forest garden is located around a large handmade stream.

3. Sezincote Garden, Moreton-in-Marsh, UK

Among the hills of the Cotswolds, north-west of London, lies an outlandish Indian-style estate for these parts. It was built at the beginning of the 19th century by the family of Colonel John Cockerell, who served in Bengal, and the Sezinkot garden was founded at the same time. It was badly damaged during the war, and the modern plantings were restored and modified by the famous gardener and designer Graham Thomas, together with the owner of the garden, Lady Kleinworth, who often visited India. The southern garden, with an octagonal pond and narrow canals lined with yew trees, replicates the traditional formal paradise gardens of the reign of Emperor Babur in India.

In the northern part of the estate there is a romantic secluded water garden. Primroses bloom all around in the spring. The banks of the pond are planted with cherries, apple trees and high aralia, and along the edges of the picturesque stream grow decorative perennials (daylilies, irises, hostas, Rogersias, lysichitons), as well as woody plants (purples, dogwoods and maples), which color the garden in the fall
bright colors.

4. Russian Water Gardens Park, Moscow region, Russia

These wonderful water landscapes can be seen in Tarasovka near Moscow. The Russian Water Gardens Park was created in 1992 by biologist Alexander Marchenko - initially it was a farm for growing ornamental aquatic plants. Today it has turned into a garden and park space of amazing beauty, where delicate water lilies collected by the owner from all over the world are grown in natural and artificial reservoirs.

From hundreds of varieties of water lilies over the years, about 40 of the most decorative and, most importantly, resistant to climatic conditions middle lane.
In addition to nymphs, the assortment includes many other coastal and aquatic plants: marsh and Japanese irises, egg capsules, butterburs, arrowheads, susaki, cyperus, thalia and many others.

5. Garden of Andrey and Elena Lysikov, Moscow region, Russia

A cozy garden in the vicinity of the village of Velyaminovo, 60 km from Moscow, took more than one year to create. Now there is a nice shady garden on the site, in which grow buzulniks and dicentra, ostrich and kupena, podophyllum and scopolia, astilboides and dharmer. A recreation area with a pond, a central lawn, large-scale mixborders, and a system of low retaining walls lined with dry masonry from blocks of Domodedovo limestone have received their logical conclusion - ground cover plants “live” there.

A few years ago, a flat rock garden appeared in front of the porch of the house, combining into a single whole a small rocky hill and a small collection of coniferous plants brought by the owner of the beautiful kingdom, Andrei Lysikov, at different times from different places. There is also a secluded corner in the garden with a pond, where the backdrop is a prickly spruce sitting on the edge of the plot, which is formed over many years in the form of a rounded bush, as well as plantings of barberry, Rogersia, Darmer and ferns.

6. Glen Chantry Garden, Witham, UK

Wal and Sue Staines, the owners of this garden, have transformed almost one and a half hectares of territory into a real blooming paradise over the forty years of its existence. The design of the garden is emphatically elegant and at the same time very informal, with lawn paths skirting lush mixborders with rare and rather unusual perennials.

In spring, bulbs bloom brightly and abundantly here: tulips, daffodils, hyacinths, as well as precious “treasures” of the shady garden and early alpines. Summer begins with a variety of milkweeds, variegated foliage plants, irises, oriental poppies and ornamental onions. Autumn is given over to cereals, perennials with beautiful colors and fruits. In addition, the garden has two ponds, a large rock garden and interesting themed corners - for example, a white garden.

7. Robert Hoeck Garden, Schwoich, Austria

This garden is located in and is notable for its rich collection of aquilegias (or columbine plants), which Robert has been collecting for many years. Flower beds, lawn
and a vegetable garden occupy about 20 acres. Sad has already turned ten, but he looks much older. Probably because the owner likes plants with a “wild” character that spread by self-seeding: Cumbrian meconopsis, geraniums, aquilegias - there are many of them here, and their independence borders on arbitrariness. Robert likes to combine aquilegias with bearded irises - they bloom at the same time and have a similar range of colors. There is also a separate mixborder for plants with variegated and colored leaves - an unusual and bright solution for lovers of variegation.

8. Wollerton Old Hall Garden, Wollerton, UK

This traditional English garden is set around a 16th-century house. Linearity is perhaps the most important design element of this corner. Straight lines are repeated again and again, embodied in four materials: yew, beech, oak and stone slabs. The regular part of the garden is divided according to the principle of intersecting whist: three in the north-south direction and three in the east-west direction. Color is very important in the garden, where perennials play first fiddle.

The main mixborder shimmers with a palette from dark blue to soft yellow. The moist soil of a well garden allows for the use of white, apricot, blue and soft yellow. The dry garden is rich in bright reds, oranges and hot yellows with balancing pops of blue and cool shades of purple. Roses bloom in almost all the green rooms of this garden, and one of them is even named after him.

9. Long Barn, Sevenoaks, UK

The writer Vita Sackville-West went down in history not only of literature, but also of gardening: she created the most famous English garden - Sissinghurst. But her first garden, Long Barn, deserves no less attention. Exactly a century ago, Vita and her husband bought a rickety 14th-century house in a London suburb and laid out a garden.

Its most striking element is a row planting of two dozen clipped specimens of yew ‘Fastigiata’. The garden is based on a “cellular” structure and terracing. Wide lawns give a feeling of great space. The south side of the house has white and spring gardens, while the east side opens onto an intricately patterned boxwood parterre. Dutch garden, located on the lower terrace, is distinguished by lush mixborders. Current owners Rebecca and Lars Lemonius bring their passion for flowers and care to Long Barn. rich history.

10. Jacobstuin, Oestrum, The Netherlands

In this garden, ornamental grasses are of paramount importance. Garden owner Jaap de Vries aims to find a balance between natural style plantings in the spirit of the famous Dutch designer Piet Oudolf and prairie flower beds like those created by Cassian Schmidt in Germany. The difference between these styles is that in the prairies, ornamental grasses play a much larger role.

The use of long-lived and deep-rooted “warm-season” plants of the North American prairies determines the peak of Jacobstuin’s decorativeness in late autumn - early winter. Paths and paths allow you to walk right through flower beds. This garden also has a vegetable garden and many cozy corners for gatherings around the house.

11. Rendel Barton Garden, Lippstadt, Germany

Rendel Barton's garden is decorated with many plaques with quotes. My favorite one says: “First the garden belonged to me, and now I belong to the garden.” Actually, that’s the whole story, which has been going on for more than thirty-five years. The first success was a self-made film pond with lush moisture-loving plants along the banks. Then Rendelle saw ancient roses... and a rose garden appeared. A tribute to inspiring garden travel was the “Memories of England” corner in the form of a regular garden with boxwood borders.

Rendelle Barton's favorite color is blue: Here and There. There are many plants in containers in the garden, mainly annuals and heat-loving species, such as agapanthus.

12. Garden of Julia Tadeusz, Minsk region, Belarus

The history of this small garden - only 6.5 acres - began more than half a century ago. An artist, landscape designer and a big fan of roses, Julia planned all the flower beds so that, while walking along the paths of the garden, you could admire the roses in the company of their best partners - clematis.

Spring is full of bright colors. The lilac-pink June comes to replace it with its peonies, mock orange, weigela, geraniums, bluebells and Siberian irises. A little later, the roses burst into flames like colorful fireworks. There is also a shady corner in white and green tones with lilac, dogwood, hydrangea, ferns and hostas, and a small pond, the quiet murmur of water in which sets you in a romantic mood.

13. Broadview Gardens, Hadlow, UK

Broadview Gardens is a demonstration garden for Hadlow Agricultural College, affiliated to the University of Greenwich. The gardens are located in Kent, which is called the vegetable garden of England for its favorable climate and fertile soils. The main compositions are located along a paired floral mixborder stretching for more than 100 m, which is decorated with a green trimmed wall made of yew berries.

Broadview Gardens is famous for its collections of rare plants; two national collections of rarities located here are of particular interest: Japanese anemones and hellebores. The latter are one of the pioneers among early flowering plants: already in February, garden guests enjoy the delicate beauty of opening flowers, and there are dozens of species and varieties of them.

14. Ulbrich Family Garden, Solingen, Germany

The owner of the garden, Torsten Ulbrich, is a professional florist. He divided 80 acres of land into a dozen “garden rooms,” and each of them has its own character. Near the house there is a boxwood garden with topiary figures. Behind it is a Baroque garden, which is bordered by a large pond with a waterfall. On the other side of the pond, under the pine and spruce trees, there is a shady garden.

Hidden behind the trees is a cottage garden - a lawn with colorful ribbon flower beds. Turning back, you can go out to the white flower bed bordering brick wall monastery garden. Through it you can enter the “black” garden with purple-leaved plants and decorative rusty screens. And then - a lace parterre made of dwarf barberries and boxwood. Behind it is a formal garden next to a brick gate with boxwood borders and lush flower beds with peonies, delphiniums, and daylilies. Flowerpots of different styles and materials, all kinds of supports for climbing plants, and various sculptures are placed everywhere.

15. Markovsky Garden, Leningrad region, Russia

Yuri Markovsky is the guru of St. Petersburg gardening. At the entrance to the garden, guests are greeted by a “color shock” - a bright and spectacular “bouquet” mixborder of phlox, delphiniums, daylilies, cornflowers and many other elegant perennials, and then visitors wander off, looking at the countless treasures of shady corners, rockeries, meadow flower gardens and cottage gardens in English style. Today the owner of the garden is passionate about phlox selection,
but before them there were primroses, ferns, Japanese irises.

There are a lot of bright annual plants and heat-loving conventional “summer plants” in the garden: there are cannas, agapanthus, pelargoniums, coleus, fuchsias. Plans for the near future include converting the alpine slide into a collection of miniature hostas.

16. Garden of Elena Solovyova, Leningrad region, Russia

The bright and lush garden on the Karelian Isthmus is already more than a quarter of a century old. Astilbes and phloxes, bells and clematis, buzulniki and hostas, monardas and aconites, loosestrife and black cohosh, barberries and unusual conifers, rare shady perennials - from arizema and crows to trilliums, as well as hydrangeas and lilacs help color the cool and often cloudy St. Petersburg summer.

An interesting collection of dwarf coniferous and deciduous trees and shrubs, so fashionable today, is collected in an “amphitheater” - on a semicircular slope - and decorated in the form of a rock garden with elements of a rutaria. Miniature trees and shrubs maintain the structure of the collection all year round, and from spring to autumn it is colored by miniature hostas, ornamental grasses and other precious rarities.

Business card garden - a homemade log bench near a small pond, which also serves as a retaining wall on difficult terrain.

17. Keukenhof, Lisse, The Netherlands

The largest flower garden in the world, the royal flower park Keukenhof is located in Holland, in the small town of Lisse. It got its name, translated as “kitchen garden,” due to the fact that herbs were once grown here for Countess Jacoba Van Beyeren. The spring flower exhibition is open for two months - until mid-May, and all this time in the open-air exhibitions, crocuses and snowdrops, blueberries and muscari bloom, as well as daffodils, hazel grouse, hyacinths, tulips, of which “ woven" floral paintings, patterns and ornaments.

In Keukenhof you can see interesting themed gardens, park sculptures and even admire the panorama of the park from observation deck located on the old windmill the middle of the last century.

18. Hidcote Manor Garden, Gloucestershire, UK

The creator of this magnificent garden - an icon of the English cottage style - is the American Lawrence Johnston, an outstanding gardener, designer, and plant collector. A special feature of the author's project is the presence of many closed garden rooms, limited by trimmed hedges made of yew and beech, as well as brick or stone walls.

Moving from one “green room” to another (and each of them has its own unique atmosphere), guests experience a change of vivid impressions and moods.

In addition, many interesting artistic techniques were used in the creation of Hidcote Manor: the formation of long whists, alleys and free groups, trimmed topiary figures, regular plantings and natural forest corners, rocky areas and water streams.

19. Garden of Irina Pyzhikova, Leningrad region, Russia

Over the 35 years of the history of her garden, Irina Pyzhikova has collected an excellent collection of coniferous trees and shrubs, and ornamental grasses. The garden, measuring 15 acres, is divided into green rooms, each with its own role. The front part of the garden in front of the house is a balanced combination of lawn, conifers and bright decorative foliage trees and shrubs.

And behind the house there is a small flower garden with the remaining alpines; a “swamp” flower garden overlooking an area with a miniature pond-tub and a samovar bent over it under a red-leaved bird cherry tree; a minimalist garden of cereals with a square pond and a collection of buzulniks. On the other side of the central path there is a bonsai garden with miniature plants in pots and an orchard.

20. Topiary, Zedelgem, Belgium

The owner of this garden, Bernadette Christien-Standert, closely follows fashionable garden trends: she experiments with exotic plants and is fond of mini-bonsais.
and “mobile” gardening in containers.

The garden became famous throughout and beyond its “chessboard” with 99 squares of boxwood and yew. Tall beech, hornbeam and yew hedges are also trimmed here. They separate from the regular garden a secret landscaped garden with a large pond, on the banks of which flowers bloom from early spring to late autumn. An elegant Moorish wrought iron staircase leads to the roof of the house, where there is a rock garden. From there it opens beautiful view to a formal garden with “landscape” content. Framed by boxwood borders, roses, clematis, peonies, delphiniums, and dahlias bloom.

The first garden of Europe. This is what Italy is called. In the country, almost 90% of the land is suitable for agriculture. Most of these (about 35%) are arable land, 19% are meadows and pastures, 11% are orchards, vineyards, and olive groves. Forests account for 23.4% of agricultural land.

Romano MARABELLI, head of the Department of Health in the Field of Veterinary Medicine, Nutrition and Food Security of the Italian Ministry of Health, spoke to the correspondent of the Grain Expert magazine about the prospects for the development of agriculture in the country.

Correspondent: In Russia, issues of veterinary and phytosanitary control are dealt with by the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor), subordinate to the Ministry of Agriculture. Which agency in Italy is responsible for these functions?

Romano Marabelli: In Italy, the Ministry of Health is responsible for veterinary services and food safety. The Department of Health in the Field of Veterinary Medicine, Nutrition and Food Security, which I head, falls under the purview of the Ministry of Health. In addition, for 150 years, the European Commission's Directorate General for Consumer Rights (DG SANCO), which is located in Brussels, has also been subordinate to the Health Committee. The reason is that, in our opinion, product safety is important to the health of consumers.

Corr.: It turns out that in the function led by you department does it include ensuring food safety?

R.M.: Our department works not only with food, but also with pharmaceuticals for animals. Absolutely all products exported from Italy have a quality certificate.

Corr.: Tell us about the product safety system in place in Italy?

R.M.: Our system includes 10 institutes operating throughout the country. Each institute has its own laboratory and in each, specialists work with both animals and plants. We are responsible for both areas.

Corr.: How do you assess the phytosanitary situation in your country today?

R.M.: The situation is quite favorable. Currently, we have no problems with either animal health or phytosanitary conditions.

I would also like to note that next year, 2015, the exhibition “Feeding the Planet. Energy for life." This is an opportunity for us to present the system of veterinary and phytosanitary control that exists in Italy. At the event, each participating country will be able to tell and demonstrate its advantages.

Corr.: What work is being done in Italy to prevent phytosanitary and veterinary risks?

R.M.: Italy has very strict phytosanitary and veterinary regulations. Thousands of inspectors working in the healthcare system monitor compliance with these rules. Inspectors are empowered to monitor the quality of food products, both in a restaurant and in an agricultural enterprise.

In general, the system employs about 6 thousand specialists. This is the highest figure among the EU countries.

Corr.: Are there penalties for identifying violations of the law?

R.M.: When conducting research in the field of food safety, we are guided by the rules of the European Union. In case of violation of the law, sanctions determined by the Government of Italy and the Ministry of Justice are applied. Most often, this is a fine. And its size depends on the type of offense: administrative or criminal.

I think this practice exists in every country. For example, what sanctions for the supply of low-quality grain are in force in Russia?

Corr.: If we talk about Russia, then currently in our country e The legislation does not regulate violations in the grain sector. When imported, grain may be damaged or not at all meet the requirements of the state standard. But even in this case, the person supplying the defective product will not bear any responsibility.

Can only the state control the quality and safety of grain in Italy? Or can private laboratories also monitor the quality of these products?

R.M.: In Italy there is only state control. If we talk about quality control, it is carried out by authorized bodies subordinate to the Ministry of Agriculture. And our department and the Ministry of Health are responsible for the safety of grain. We monitor compliance with the rules and requirements for product production. In particular, we make decisions regarding the possibility of using certain agrochemicals, and also set maximum permissible concentrations for their use.

Corr.: Italy ranks first among the EU countries in rice production. According to statistics, the export volume of this crop alone reaches one and a half million tons annually. Tell us about the rice production technology in your country? Is it different from the traditional one?

R.M.: Rice production is an important component of the Italian agro-industrial complex. Traditionally, the main producers of this crop are the northern regions of Italy, in particular the Padanian Plain region.

We are interested in new technologies that reduce the use of herbal medicines and grow produce in less water. Not so long ago, crop production technologies were changed in our country. If earlier we immersed the seedling in water and then applied drugs to eliminate weeds, today we grow rice in dry soil. Water with medications is introduced later. But this method uses fewer drugs.

Rice grown using this technology differs from Asian rice. The peculiarity of the grain is that it is very strong. And we consider our rice to be the best of all known varieties.

Corr.: Russian farmers are also interested in Italy’s experience regarding farmer associations. Could you tell us more about this form of farming?

R.M.: Indeed, in Italy, farmer associations have become widespread. They operate in accordance with the agricultural policy of the European Union and our state. Every year, the Ministry of Agriculture decides which agricultural products to support. This decision is also communicated to farmer associations.

We enter into agreements with farmer associations on mutual cooperation in the field of food safety. Thus, we exchange experiences and improve legislation. Our department does not decide what to produce, but performs control functions.

Corr.: What are the main problems you face when carrying out export-import deliveries?

R.M.: On at the moment The problem of trade lies in non-tariff methods of regulating foreign economic activity. Not all countries comply with international regulations, such as the OIE Code* or the Codex Alimentarius**, which regulate product safety.

Corr.: If we talk about imports from Russia, what products are most often supplied toItaly from our country?

R.M.: We mainly import corn and grain products. We also buy animal skins in Russia.

Today, work continues to harmonize the legislation of our countries in the field of trade. I assume that in the near future we will be able to simplify the process of export and import not only between Russia and Italy, but also the European Union as a whole.

Corr.: At the end of our conversation, I would like to hear your opinion on the cooperation between the Italian Ministry of Health and the Russian Ministry of Agriculture. Will any joint projects be implemented this year?

R.M.: The Italian Ministry of Health and the Russian Ministry of Agriculture have been cooperating for several years. This year it is planned to sign a Memorandum on strengthening interaction between the parties. We are also now working on opening a representative office of the International Bureau of Epizootics in Moscow. The Italian Ministry of Health plans to send its specialists to work in this organization as quickly as possible. We consider it a priority to strengthen cooperation between our countries.

Andrey YURKOV

* The International Office of Animal Health (OIE) is an intergovernmental organization responsible for animal health. The OIE is recognized by the World Trade Organization (WTO) as an advisory organization. The organization's headquarters are located in Paris, France.

** Codex Alimentarius (lat. Codex Alimentarius— Food Codex) is a set of international food standards adopted by the International Commission of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to implement a code of standards and regulations for food products. Codex standards cover essential food products, both processed and prepared foods and unprocessed foods.

Europe is simply made for walking. There are so many masterpieces of culture, architecture and human civilization in general that in almost every country you can constantly walk and learn something new. When you get tired of the city noise, it’s time to move to the greenhouse of a botanical garden, especially since there are plenty of them in Europe!

The most beautiful botanical gardens Europe: TOP 10

We offer you a list of the most beautiful botanical gardens of Europe. Where exactly to go is up to you, especially since getting a Schengen visa is now not difficult.

Botanical Garden in Munich

Germany is famous for its amazing ability to improve everything around it. This is probably why the Botanical Garden in Munich is considered one of the best in Europe. Entrance to the botanical garden costs 5 euros, but you can be sure that this money will go exclusively for the benefit of the plants.

Oxford Botanic Garden

In 1621, a small garden was established at the university for scientific purposes and the cultivation of useful medicinal herbs. Since that time, the garden has changed beyond recognition, and now occupies a huge area of ​​almost two hectares. Here you can find many specialized greenhouses and pavilions with exotic plants.

Botanical Garden in Prague

The Prague Botanical Garden is quite small in size, but in terms of content it is in no way inferior to its large counterparts. Besides the beautiful flowers, interesting trees and amazing tropical plants in the greenhouses, there is also a unique exhibition of algae of all kinds and cute tadpoles.

Amsterdam pride

The Botanical Garden in Amsterdam is very tiny, but it also has its pride. There is a full-fledged subtropical forest growing in a greenhouse, and nearby there is a butterfly garden, for which delicious sweet treats are placed everywhere. The greenhouses recreate the conditions of different climatic zones of the earth, from the American desert to tropical humidity.

Expanses of Paris

French parks are famous for their systematic and rational approach. The Paris Botanical Garden stretches over 28 hectares. It is impossible to complete it even in a couple of days! Many interesting specimens of plants from all over the world grow here, as well as a whole collection of beautiful roses.

Botanical Garden in Istanbul

Can you imagine 50 hectares of beautiful plants located around the old palace of the Sultan? Agree, this is difficult to imagine, so it’s better to see it once. Compared to some other European botanical gardens, this place may seem a little unkempt, but this naturalness gives it its own piquant appearance.

Garden in Edinburgh

The capital of Scotland can be proud of its Botanic Garden. He is not just someone tourist place, but, on the contrary, we love dearly local residents who happily spend their evenings and weekends here. The rustling of leaves calms you down, and amazing plants make you love life even more.

Royal Botanic Gardens London

In 1759, beautiful botanical gardens were founded in London. They now include amazing greenhouses with many wonderful exotic displays. For example, there is an amazing lilac garden and a very exotic bamboo garden.