The city in Europe with the most bridges. The most incredible bridges in the world. What else to see
Hamburg- the second (after Berlin) heart of Germany. Tourists visit it with pleasure, because here you can not only look at numerous attractions, but also simply enjoy walking along the picturesque streets. Gives a special flavor to the city a huge number of bridges across the Elbe River, of which, according to various estimates, there are from 2300 to 2500. In all of Europe you will not find another city where so many bridges have been built: Hamburg has surpassed Venice, Amsterdam and London combined in terms of this indicator.
One of the most famous bridges Hamburg - Köhlbrandbrücke. It was opened in 1974 and until 1991 remained the largest in the world, because its span is 325 m wide and 3940 m long.
Among oldest bridges In Hamburg, Elbbrücke should be noted. In 1899 it was built for automobile traffic, but over time other bridges over the Elbe appeared. After reconstruction, which took place from 1980 to 1985, the Elbbrücke is used as a pedestrian road, and cyclists and motorcyclists are also allowed on it.
The Cattwick Bridge is famous for being the world's largest railway bridge. road transport with a vertical lift, the height of which is 46 m. Car traffic is suspended for 8-10 minutes while the train passes. In addition, the lift allows ships to pass through the bridge; on weekdays, traffic also stops every two hours to allow ships to pass.
The Lombard and Kennedy bridges deserve special attention. As you might guess, railway bridge The pawnshop got its name after a corresponding establishment was opened here in 1651. By the way, until 1865 the bridge was wooden. Next to the Lombard Bridge, another bridge was built in 1953. It was necessary because it was necessary to “unload” the flow of traffic that was transported across Lake Alster. It was named after the American president later, in 1963, after the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
The historic Trostbrücke Bridge, built in 1881, originally served as the border between the old and new cities of Hamburg. On the bridge there are stone statues of Count Adolf III, as well as Bishop Ansger, who is the founder of the city cathedral.
These days bridges are not something surprising or supernatural. They have long become a convenient tool for movement, and allow you to achieve goals in as soon as possible. Once upon a time, bridges were trees, planks and ropes. Today these are amazing structures that constantly compete in perfection and strength.
After everyone appreciated the convenience of these structures, bridges began to be perceived as a certain form of art; they actually look impressively beautiful and represent a great creation of mankind. Many people specifically go on a trip in order to see and visit the most beautiful bridges in the world.
In this article we will introduce you to longest bridges in the world and we’ll tell you about the construction process, history and many interesting incidents that are inextricably linked with them.
1.Danyan-Kunyshan viaduct. China. This longest bridge in the world, 164.8 kilometers long. It was built as part of the Beijing High Mountain railway. Its construction took only 2 years. It is located in Jiangsu province, between Shanghai and the city of Nanki. The largest body of water that crosses the bridge is Yangcheng Lake. The lake, in turn, is famous for the fact that it is home to shaggy crabs, whose meat is a great delicacy.
2. Tianjin viaduct. China. Second longest bridge, is also located in China and its construction also took 2 years. Its length reaches 113,700 meters, which extends from Beijing South railway station to Tianjin city.
It is not surprising that third longest bridge in the world is located in China. Its total length is 79,732 meters and connects the cities of Zhengzhou and Xi'an. The bridge received this name because it crosses the Wei River twice.
4. Bang Na Highway. Thailand. There is a bridge in the city Bangkok, and its total length is 54 kilometers. The construction of this above-ground structure lasted 5 years, and the cost of the entire project was more than 1 billion US dollars. Traffic across the bridge paid, this is due to the fact that there is a free ground road. The bridge was created in order to relieve traffic jams on highways.
And again, China is the country that holds the record for the longest bridges. Its length is 42.5 kilometers and extends between the city of Qingdao and the Huangdao region, and also crosses the northern part of Jiaozhou Bay.
Construction of the bridge took 4 years and cost China 60 billion Chinese yuan, the same as almost 10 billion US dollars. Every day, 30,000 cars cross the bridge, saving only 20-30 minutes, which is clearly not worth such a waste of the state budget.
6.Bridge (dam) over Lake Pontchartrain. USA. It also has another name, which is better known to Americans - bridge between Mandeville and Metairie, since these two cities are connected by a lake. It is located in the state of Louisiana, and its length is 38.42 kilometers.
If we compare it with other similar buildings, the bridge is particularly stable and resistant to various elements. True, during its existence (since 1948), one or several barges periodically crash into the bridge.
7.Hangzhou Bay Bridge. Despite the fact that this bridge is the seventh on our list, it is actually the first longest transoceanic bridge in the world.
In turn, it crosses the ocean and connects the cities of Shanghai and Ningbo. The length of the bridge is 36 kilometers, its estimated service life is 100 years, despite the fact that it was built in China.
8.Bridge named after Louisiana paratroopers. USA. From the name, it is obvious that the bridge is located in the state of Louisiana, namely between cities of Baton Rouge and Lafayette. The bridge crosses the Atchafalaya Basin and has a length of 29.29 kilometers, making it second most long bridge in the USA. Near the visitor center at milepost 121 of Highway 3177 is a monument dedicated to the memory of the soldiers of the 82nd Airborne Division.
9. King Fahd Bridge. Saudi Arabia. It is rather a whole complex of bridges, the total length of which is more than 25 kilometers. The purpose of the complex is to connect the city of El Hubao to Saudi Arabia And island state Bahrain. Construction began in 1982 when heads of state King Fahd and Isa laid the first stone.
10. Bridge-tunnel over the Chesapeake Bay. USA. Have you ever seen a bridge turn into an underwater tunnel? No? Then you have a great opportunity to take a ride underwater. It is located in Virginia and was built back in 1964.
The bridge, if you can even call it that, consists of two underwater tunnels (1600 meters each), 4 artificial islands, 2 bridges, more than 3 kilometers of roads along dams and 9 kilometers of access roads. And all this is done so that US Navy vessels can safely go to the open sea. The total length of all these structures is 24.14 kilometers.
That's how creative people can be. Once you see one of these giants, it will be difficult to name it just a bridge, in fact, this is a real work of art, resourcefulness and talent.
In fact, this is not the limit of human capabilities and, given how quickly our planet is populated with more and more new people, soon it will all be covered with many layers of bridges, highways and tunnels.
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Many will decide that this is, of course, Venice and will be wrong. Someone will say that in Amsterdam - and again bypass. London? No! This city has more bridges than all of these cities listed combined. Two and a half thousand large and small bridges across two rivers, on the banks of which this city is located.
The city where The Beatles began their career, the city after which the most popular dish in the world is named. I think you already guessed that this is Hamburg - the second largest city in Germany.
CITY OF OTHER CITIES
Hamburg also has something of Venice...
And from London...
And from Peter. Although, most likely, St. Petersburg has something from Hamburg. By the way, this boat on the column at the Town Hall is often confused with the boat on the spire of the Admiralty. Why, Hamburg and St. Petersburg are generally sister cities.
Residential areas in the city center:
The Hamburg metro is distinguished by the fact that most of the sections run on surfaces and on elevated tracks, covering mainly the northern part of the city.
The main square of the city, where the Town Hall is located
Hamburg is a city of symmetry and strict lines...
Homeless...
And water.
WE CAME TO THE PORT TODAY
Hamburg is large transport hub(railways and highways), as well as a sea and river (Elbe River) port. Seaport is the largest port in Germany, being the second largest in Europe after Rotterdam.
The port of Hamburg occupies a tenth of the city's territory - 75 square kilometers. The total length of the quay wall is 46 kilometers - this is about 300 berths for sea and ocean vessels.
The port is a seaport, although it is located on the banks of the Elbe River, not far from where it flows into the North Sea.
The port of Hamburg is perhaps the most important attraction of the city, and you can devote a whole day to it. What kind of ships you won’t see here!
"Cap San Diego"- German cargo ship built in 1962. Currently the ship is a museum. The cargo ship was nicknamed the “white swan of the Atlantic.”
“San Diego” went to the same “distant shores” that are sung about in the song about Brazil.
The main attraction of the port of Hamburg is the museum sailboat "Rickmer Rickmers"(Rickmer Rickmers). She is one of the last large sailing ships in commercial shipping.
The sailboat was used to transport cargoes of rice and bamboo from Far East, with coal from Wales to Chile, and from Chile to Germany with saltpeter.
sailboat Grossherzogin Elisa, built in 1909. It is still in operation as a training vessel and goes to sea.
Bulk carrier (dry cargo carrier) PANTHER MAX in the dock. Built in 2012, it has a length of 229 m and a width of 32 m. It takes on board 44,326 tons.
Ocean cruise giant "Norwegian Escape"- the third liner of the NCL company, the Breakaway Plus project. This is the biggest cruise ship company NCL, which is larger than its brothers, predecessors Breakaway and Getaway, by one deck. It has just been built and will soon be put into operation.
More than 300 meters long, 40 meters wide, 20 decks, 2206 cabins, which can accommodate up to 5000 passengers.
(www.shipspotting.com)
Premium cabins with a personal butler, two balconies, a jacuzzi and designer interiors, an entire water park on the upper deck with slides and waterfalls, a huge selection of restaurants and bars with a varied menu from several cuisines of the world - a real floating city.
(www.shipspotting.com)
We could also talk about the origin of the expression “Hamburg rooster,” but that would be a completely different story.
More posts about our ferry-car trip, organized by unis And ilyavaliev :
A drawbridge is a special type of bridge that has dynamic moving parts used to change its shape, usually to allow ships to pass under it. There are many types of drawbridges, and they all differ in the way they are converted. Below is a list with video of the ten most amazing drawbridges in the world.
Palace Bridge
Opens the ranking of the most amazing drawbridges in the world “ Palace Bridge" This is one of 22 drawbridges across the Neva River in St. Petersburg. Connects central part city (Admiralty Island) and Vasilyevsky Island. Its length is 250 meters, width 27.7 m. It is considered one of the symbols of the city.
Horn Bridge
Hörn Bridge is a swing bridge located in the city of Kiel, the capital of the state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It was built in 1997. It consists of three spans, the main of which is 25.5 meters in length, capable of folding in the shape of the letter “N”. The bridge belongs to the architectural and technical landmarks of the city, and is also important route for the movement of pedestrians and cyclists. It offers one of the best panoramic views to the city of Kiel. Typically, the Hörn Bridge folds once per hour.
Scale Lane footbridge
Eighth in the list of ten amazing drawbridges in the world is the Scale Lane footbridge, a pedestrian drawbridge located on the River Hull in the center of Kingston upon Hull, UK. The total length of the bridge is 57 meters, weight is 1000 tons.
The Dragon Bridge
In seventh place in the list of the most amazing drawbridges in the world is The Dragon Bridge - a drawbridge footbridge, located in resort town Rhyl on the north-east coast of Wales. Was opened in 2013.
Biscay Bridge
The Vizcaya Bridge is a flying ferry across the Nervión River connecting the cities of Portugalete and Las Arenas in Spain. It was built in 1893 according to the design of the famous Basque architect Alberto Palacio, a student of Gustave Eiffel. The 164-meter-long bridge has a gondola that transports 6 cars and several dozen passengers from one bank to the other every 8 minutes in one and a half minutes. Considered the perfect combination of beauty and functionality, as well as one of the greatest engineering achievements 19th century.
Bridge Women
The Women's Bridge is a beautiful pedestrian rotating bridge in the new Puerto Madero, commercial district of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It was built according to the design of the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava in December 2001. About $6 million was spent on its construction. The Women's Bridge, with a total length of 170 meters, a width of 6.2 meters, weighs 800 tons and is considered one of the main attractions of the city.
Pont Jacques Chaban-Delmas
Pont Jacques Chaban-Delmas is a vertical lift bridge over the Garon River in Bordeaux, France. It is located approximately 3 km from the city center and connects the Bacalan and Bastide areas. It was named after Jacques Chaban-Delmas, former Prime Minister of France and former mayor of Bordeaux. The bridge with a total length of 433 meters and a width of 45 meters was opened in 2013. It is the longest vertical lift bridge in Europe. Its main (movable) span weighs 2,600 tons and is 110 meters long.
Millennium Bridge
The Millennium Bridge is the world's first tilting pedestrian bridge over the River Tyne in Northern England. Connects the cities of Gateshead and Newcastle upon Tyne. Sometimes it is also called "Winking Eye". It was put into operation in September 2001. $40 million was spent on its construction. The Millennium Bridge, with a total length of 126 meters and weighing 850 tons, “turns” about 200 times a year, each time attracting huge crowds of spectators. The rotation lasts about 4.5 minutes.
Slauerhoffbrug
Slauerhoffbrug is a fully automatic lift bridge located in the city of Leeuwarden, province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It was named after the writer and poet Jan Jakob Slauerhof. A special feature of this bridge is a movable platform measuring 15x15 meters, which rotates when opened at 45°.
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge is the most amazing drawbridge, suspension bridge on the River Thames, located in the center of London, near Tower of London. The bridge is 244 meters long and 65 meters high and consists of two towers that are connected by two horizontal walkways. Its construction began on June 21, 1886 and lasted eight years. The construction of Tower Bridge required 432 workers and a cost of £1,184,000. On June 30, 1894, the bridge was inaugurated by Prince Edward of Wales. Nowadays, this one of the most beautiful bridges in the world is raised on average 4-5 times a week.
Hamburg is the second largest city in Germany and is considered one of the most beautiful in the country. He is also popular tourist destination thanks to its beautiful scenery, unique juxtaposition of historical monuments and modern pubs and nightclubs, including the world-famous red light district of Reeperbahn.
Hamburg is considered a major port city, despite its location approximately 100 kilometers from the North Sea, on both sides of the Elbe River. Hamburg has the country's largest port - the second busiest port in Europe, and the third largest in the world, after the ports of London and New York. Therefore, everyone who loves water, ships and harbors simply must visit it.
Hamburg is practically surrounded by water on all sides. The Alster River is divided into two lakes, Binnen and Aussenalster (meaning "inner" and "outer"), located on either side of the city, and the Elbe River flows directly through the city and into the North Sea. This abundance of water means there are many canals, rivers and bridges. In fact, few people know that Hamburg has more bridges than any other city in the world, as well as more canals than Amsterdam and Venice combined. Estimates put the number between 2,300 and 2,500 - far more than the total number of canals in London, Amsterdam and Venice. Below are the most famous bridges of this wonderful city:
Köhlbrand Bridge
The Köhlbrand Bridge opened in 1974 and has been one of Hamburg's most famous landmarks ever since. Its length is 3940 meters, and the span of the central, cable-stayed part is 325 meters. From 1974 to 1991, this bridge was considered the longest cable-stayed bridge in the world. It is now considered the second longest bridge in Germany.
Network of Hamburg Elbe Bridges (Hamburg Elbbrücken)
New Elbe Bridge (Neue Elbbrücke), Billhorner Bridge, and Freeport Elbe Bridge.
Railway bridge
New bridge over the Elbe
Bridge over the Elbe Free Port
The network of Hamburg Bridges on the Elbe is several independent bridges, which cross the Elbe River, which flows through Hamburg. This Hamburg shipping route is divided into two main branches - the North Elbe and the South Elbe, which merge after they pass the network of Elbe Islands, united into the most big island on this river.
Hamburg Bridge over the Elbe (Harburger Elbbrücke)
The Old Hamburg Bridge over the Elbe was opened in 1899. The 474 meter steel arch bridge, originally built for vehicles, was the first road bridge across the South Branch of the Elbe. Now it serves only to ferry pedestrians and cyclists. Between 1980 and 1995, the bridge was radically rebuilt. Cantilever walkways were built on both sides of the bridge.
Kattwyk Bridge
The Kattwyk Bridge, crossing the South Branch of the Elbe, is a 290-meter vertical drawbridge with two 70-meter-long entrances for rail and road transport. This bridge, opened on March 21, 1973, connects the Wilhelmsburg quarter with the Moorburg quarter. Both neighborhoods are located on the Elbe island network. Kattwyk is capable of rising to a height of 46 meters and is the largest vertical drawbridge in the world.
The peculiarity of the bridge is that the rails located on it are located in the center of the roadway. Due to the fact that Kattwyk is both a railway and road bridge, road traffic is blocked when a freight train passes through the bridge. These stops usually last between eight and ten minutes. IN weekdays The bridge is raised every two hours to allow ships to pass. During the lifting of the bridge, traffic stops for 15-20 minutes.
Brooks Bridge
The Brooks Bridge, which leads to the city of Speicherstadt, was opened in 1887. The bridge is decorated with four statues, one at each of its corners. The original sculptures were destroyed during World War II. The sculptures that stand on the bridge today were installed in 2001.
Lombardsbruecke and Kennedy Bridge
The Lombard Bridge in Hamburg is a railway and road bridge over the Alster River. It was named after the pawnshop that was located there in 1651. Primordial wooden bridge was replaced in 1865 by a new 69-meter, three-arch bridge crossing the Alster River.
Next to the Lombard Bridge is the Kennedy Bridge. The second bridge was built in 1953 because the old Lombard Bridge could not cope with the increased traffic. The bridge was originally called the New Lombard Bridge. It was renamed Kennedy Bridge in 1963 in honor of John F. Kennedy after his assassination.
Lombard Bridge and Kennedy Bridge separate the Inner and Outer Alster lakes.
Toll Bridge (Zollenbrücke)
The Toll Bridge is the oldest bridge in the city, built in 1663. The 25-meter bridge, with three different sized arches, is built from sandstone blocks. Railings and lanterns were added in the 19th century when the bridge was widened.
Elerntors Bridge
The Ellerntors bridge is made of stone arch bridge, crossing the "Tomb of the Lord's Fleet". For many centuries it served as a direct route from Hamburg to Altona. Built in 1668, this bridge is the second oldest to survive stone bridge in Hamburg.
Otradny Bridge (Trostbrücke)
The Otradny Bridge is a small historical bridge crossing “Nikolaifleet”, which is one of the many narrow coves connecting the city’s docks with the Elbe River. Situated southwest of the city center, it once stood on the border between Hamburg's old and new towns. It was built in 1881. This stone structure is famous for the presence of statues of Count Adolf III and Bishop Ansgar, the founder of the very first cathedral in Hamburg. In translation, the bridge is called “Otradny”. It received this name because convicts were led along it, and the beauty of the bridge was their last joy.
Reesendamm Bridge
The "Reesendamm" bridge crosses the Little Alster lake, Jungfernstieg and mountain road. It was named after Heinrich Müller Reese, who owned a corn mill in the 13th century. The bridge was built in 1843. People love to come to this bridge to admire beautiful view to the river with swans, which they can feed with pieces of bread.
Bridge "Slamatjen"
One of the lesser-known bridges is the Slamatjen Bridge, located in the Neustadt district on the Ludwig-Erhard street, which crosses the Alster. Since its completion in 1959, it has served as road bridge. On the bridge there is a wonderful picture carved in stone, which represents two women talking. The place where the bridge is located once was popular place meetings of water bearer women.
