The most famous volcanoes. Volcanoes - how are they formed, why do they erupt and why are they dangerous and useful? Where does a volcano happen?

In early times for humanity, volcanoes were considered punishment from God. Today, we already know the volcano is part of nature, and active volcano could become a natural disaster. All volcanoes are divided into three types: active, dormant and inactive. We offer you the Top 10 most active volcanoes in the world.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Merapi

Volcano Merapi, which means “Mountain of Fire” in Indonesian. The volcano is located in Indonesia and is one of the hundred most dangerous volcanoes in the world. The age of the volcano is approximately 120 thousand years, the height of the volcano is 2914 meters. The volcano is active, with strong eruptions occurring every seven years. The last major eruption occurred in 2012, and although as many people as possible were evacuated, that eruption killed 353 people.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Eyjafjallajökull

The volcano with the most unusual, unpronounceable and unmemorable name is Eyjafjallajökull, located in Iceland. It is believed that only 0.005% of the population of our planet can phonetically correctly pronounce the name of a volcano, Russian name does not fully correspond to Icelandic pronunciation. We all remember the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in 2010, when, due to a huge cloud of ash that rose to a height of six kilometers, all air flights in the area were stopped.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Yellowstone Caldera

The Yellowstone Caldera is located near Yellowstone National Park, USA. This is one of the oldest volcanoes in the world. Its last eruptions were so serious that even after 650 thousand years after it, the consequences are visible. The structure of the volcano indicates that there is a possibility of a volcanic eruption. Scientists, of course, give a low probability of such an eruption, but its consequences are difficult to imagine.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Nyiragongo

Volcano Nyiragongo is located in Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic Congo. Everything would be fine if the lava of this volcano were not so liquid and flowing. Lava contains very little quartz, which is what makes it so dangerous. During an eruption, the speed of lava spread reaches 100 kilometers per hour. Of all the observed eruptions throughout Africa, Mount Nyiragongo accounts for 40% of the eruptions.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Mauna Loa

The Mauna Loa volcano is located on the island of Hawaii. It is considered one of the largest volcanoes in the world. Scientists estimate the volume of the volcano to be about 17,000 cubic kilometers of magma. Last eruption the volcano occurred in 1984 and lasted nine days.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Ulawun

Ulawun Volcano is located in Papaya New Guinea. The activity of the volcano was first noted in the 18th century. The last major volcanic eruption occurred in 1980. The spread of magma during this eruption was 22 square meters. kilometer The last recorded volcanic eruption occurred in 2007.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Tal

Vulcan Tal is extremely active volcano Philippines. If we talk about the time when volcanoes began to be monitored and their activity tracked, then since 1572, Tal has erupted more than thirty times. In 1911, the most powerful eruption of the 20th century occurred. The eruption of the Tal volcano in 1911 claimed the lives of more than a thousand people and within a radius of 10 km...

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Galeras

Galeras Volcano is located in Colombia, the height of the volcano is 4200 meters above sea level. Scientists discovered this volcano in December 1580 and since that time, scientists and experts have been busy studying it, many of them died. It is believed that the chemical composition of the volcano's magma is very dangerous, and is also dangerous due to its extremely high temperature.

The most active volcanoes in the world. Top 10. Santa Maria

Volcano Santa Maria is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Volcano Santa Maria is located in Guatemala. The height of the volcano is more than 3500 meters above sea level. The last, and first, eruption of the Santa Maria volcano in the 20th century occurred in 1902. This eruption severely damaged one side of the volcano. The eruption itself caused serious damage and resulted in large casualties. More than six thousand people died, a column of ash rose to a height of twenty-eight kilometers.

Volcanic eruptions are dangerous primarily due to their direct impact - the release of tons of burning lava, under which entire cities can perish. But, in addition to this, side factors such as the suffocating effects of volcanic gases, the threat of tsunamis, isolation from sunlight, distortion of the terrain and local climate changes also pose a danger.

Merapi, Indonesia

Merapi is one of the largest volcanoes on the Indonesian islands. It is also one of the most active: large eruptions occur once every seven to eight years, and small ones - once every two years. At the same time, smoke appears from the top of the volcano almost every day, not allowing local residents to forget about the threat. Merapi is also famous for the fact that in 1006 the entire medieval Javanese-Indian state of Mataram was seriously damaged by his activities. The volcano is especially dangerous because it is located near the large Indonesian city of Yogyakarta, which is home to about 400 thousand people.

Sakurajima, Japan

Sakurajima has been in constant volcanic activity since 1955, with its last eruption occurring in early 2009. Until 1914, the volcano was located on a separate island of the same name, but frozen lava flows connected the island with the Osumi Peninsula. Residents of the city of Kagoshima are already accustomed to the restless behavior of the volcano and are constantly ready to take refuge in shelters.

Aso Volcano, Japan

The last time volcanic activity was recorded at the volcano was quite recently, in 2011. Then the ash cloud spread over an area of ​​more than 100 km. From that time to the present, about 2,500 tremors have been recorded, which indicates the activity of the volcano and its readiness to erupt. Despite the immediate danger, about 50 thousand people live in the immediate vicinity, and the crater is a popular tourist attraction for daredevils. In winter, the slopes are covered with snow and people go skiing and sledding in the valley.

Popocatepetl, Mexico

One of the largest volcanoes in Mexico is located literally fifty kilometers from. This is a city with a population of 20 million people who are in constant readiness to evacuate. In addition to Mexico City, the following are located in the neighborhood: major cities, like Puebla and Tlaxcala de Xicotencatl. Popocatepetl also gives them a reason to be nervous: emissions of gas, sulfur, dust and stones occur literally every month. In recent decades, the volcano has erupted in 2000, 2005 and 2012. Many climbers strive to climb to its peak. Popocatepetl is famous for the fact that in 1955 it was conquered by Ernesto Che Guevara.

Etna, Italy

This Sicilian volcano is interesting because it has not only one main wide crater, but also many small craters on the slopes. Etna is constantly active, with small eruptions occurring every few months. This does not prevent the Sicilians from densely populating the slopes of the volcano, since the presence of minerals and trace elements makes the soil very fertile. The last major eruption was in May 2011, and minor emissions of ash and dust occurred in April 2013. By the way, Etna is the most big volcano c: it is two and a half times larger than Vesuvius.

Vesuvius, Italy

Vesuvius is one of the three active volcanoes in Italy, along with Etna and Stromboli. They are even jokingly called the “hot Italian family.” In 79, the eruption of Vesuvius destroyed the city of Pompeii and all its inhabitants, who were buried under layers of lava, pumice and mud. During one of the last major eruptions, which occurred in 1944, about 60 people died and were almost completely destroyed. nearby cities San Sebastiano and Massa. According to scientists, Vesuvius destroyed nearby cities about 80 times! By the way, this volcano has set many records. Firstly, it is the only active volcano on the mainland, secondly, it is the most studied and predictable, and thirdly, the territory of the volcano is a nature reserve and a national park where excursions are held. You can only go up on foot, since the lift and funicular have not yet been restored.

Colima, Mexico

The volcanic mountain consists of two peaks: the already extinct Nevado de Colima, which is covered with snow most of the time, and the active Colima volcano. Colima is particularly active: it has erupted more than 40 times since 1576. A strong eruption occurred in the summer of 2005, when authorities had to evacuate people from nearby villages. Then a column of ash was thrown to a height of about 5 km, spreading a cloud of smoke and dust behind it. Now the volcano is fraught with danger not only for local residents, but also for the entire country.

Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA

Scientists have been monitoring the volcano since 1912 - there is a volcanological station on its slopes, as well as solar and atmospheric observatories. The height of the volcano reaches 4169 m. The last strong eruption of Mauna Loa destroyed several villages in 1950. Until 2002, the seismic activity of the volcano was low, until an increase was recorded, which indicates the possibility of eruptions in the near future.

Galeras, Colombia

The Galeras volcano is very powerful: its diameter at the base exceeds 20 km, and the width of the crater is about 320 m. The volcano is very dangerous - every few years, due to its activity, the population of the nearby town of Pasto has to be evacuated. The last such evacuation took place in 2010, when about 9 thousand people found themselves in shelters due to the threat of a strong eruption. Thus, the restless Galeras keeps local residents in constant suspense.

Nyiragongo, Republic of Congo

The Nyiragongo volcano is considered the most dangerous in all: it accounts for about half of all cases of volcanic activity recorded on the continent. Since 1882, there have been 34 eruptions. Nyiragongo lava has a special chemical composition, so it is unusually liquid and flowing. The speed of erupted lava can reach 100 km/h. In the main crater of the volcano there is lava lake, the temperature of which heats up to 982 Cº, and bursts reach a height of 7 to 30 m. The last largest eruption occurred in 2002, then 147 people died, 14 thousand buildings were destroyed, and 350 thousand people were left homeless.

It is worth noting that scientists have been studying the activity of volcanoes for many years and modern technology recognizes the beginning of their seismic activity. Many volcanoes have webcams that allow you to monitor what is happening in real time. People living nearby are already accustomed to this behavior of volcanoes and know what to do when an eruption begins, and emergency services have the means to evacuate local residents. So every year the likelihood of casualties from volcanic eruptions becomes less and less.

Ecology

In 2018, scientists dared to predict the intensification of volcanic activity on the planet, frightening ordinary people catastrophic consequences in the form of global climate change, destruction of cities and loss of life.

Such bleak forecasts from experts are not unfounded: for many years now, increasing volcanic activity has been observed along the region of the Pacific volcanic ring of fire, where more than three hundred active volcanoes are located.

The behavior of a couple of other active volcanoes that have managed to ruin the lives of a significant number of people on our planet. But there are about nine hundred active volcanoes on land alone.

Volcanoes are an integral part of the Earth, reminding us of how destructive the fury of nature can be. We present to your attention a list of the ten most dangerous active volcanoes on our planet today.

Active volcanoes

Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii

While the whole world watches with aspiration as the Kilauea volcano covers the most large island Hawaii, not so far from it, peacefully slumbering megavolcano Mauna Loa, whose height is 4169 meters (that is, almost three thousand meters higher than Kilauea!).

Mauna Loa, whose name translates as " long mountain", is the largest active volcano on planet Earth. at the moment it is a place of pilgrimage for tourists and a work site for representatives of the scientific world.

The formation of this volcano began approximately 700,000 years ago, while its activity continues to this day. Mauna Loa's most recent eruption occurred in 1984. The underwater part of this volcano is the largest on the planet and is 80 thousand cubic kilometers.

The volcano spews intense lava flows that threaten not only the huge ecosystem that has settled on its slopes, but also nearby human settlements. The Hawaiians in their mythology singled out Mauna Loa as the place of one of the sisters Pele - the goddess of fire, volcanoes and strong winds.

Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland

For some time now, Eyjafjallajökull has become one of the most famous volcanoes on our planet. And this despite the fact that Very few people can pronounce its name without hesitation.. This volcano, 1666 meters high (a mysterious combination of three sixes, isn't it?) is located in the south of Iceland.

It is part of several small glaciers of this island state. The volcano's crater itself, which is three to four kilometers in diameter, was also covered by glaciers. However, the Eyjafjallajökull eruption, which began on March 20, 2010, melted its ice.

Despite the fact that Eyjafjallajökull is not the most large volcano on the territory of Iceland, its eruption caused trouble throughout Europe. The height that the volcanic ash reached was 13 kilometers. And its significant spread led to the suspension of air traffic over the entire Northern Europe.

Almost a month later, volcanic ash from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano was recorded over a huge part of the territory Russian Federation. As a result of the last eruption, a new crack formed on the volcano in the direction from north to southern part, the length of which was two kilometers.

Volcano Vesuvius, Italy

Speaking about the most dangerous active volcanoes on the planet, it would be unforgivable frivolity not to mention the Italian Vesuvius. This volcano the last eruption of which was recorded in 1944, is most famous in the world for the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum that were razed to the ground in 79 AD.

The location of this volcano, the only one active in continental Europe, makes it one of the most dangerous in the world. The reason is the proximity of densely populated regions. Suffice it to say that just fifteen kilometers from Vesuvius is Naples, whose agglomeration exceeds three million people.

Vesuvius does not have an outstanding height - it is only 1281 meters above sea level. His quite frequent activity (one eruption approximately every twenty years) due to the relative youth of the volcano - it was formed about 25,000 years ago.

We most often remember the tragedy of Pompeii, where about two thousand people were buried during the eruption. At the same time, we forget that during the eruption on July 26, 1805 (far from the most powerful eruption of this volcano!), Vesuvius took the lives of 26 thousand people!

Active volcanoes

Volcano Nyiragongo, Congo

If we talk about activity, then the Nyiragongo volcano, whose height is 3469 meters, can rightfully be considered one of the most active. It is known that 34 eruptions have been recorded since 1882. Some of these eruptions continued for many months and even years.

In fact, Nyiragongo and its neighbor Nyamlagira are responsible for forty percent of all eruptions that continue to be observed on the African continent to this day. If we talk about the most destructive eruptions of Nyiragongo, the last one occurred on January 10, 1977.

As a result of that cataclysm, about two thousand people died, and the tragedy occurred literally within the first half hour from the moment the eruption began. Deadliest eruption of Nyiragongo in this century happened in 2002, when 45 people died under lava flows.

Nyiragongo is also famous for having the most big lake molten lava, the diameter of which is two kilometers. The temperature of the lava is 1200 degrees Celsius. Self lake of fire, which is visible even from space, resembles in size a red Cyclopean eye, or, if you like, the eye of Sauron.

Taal Volcano, Philippines

Taal Volcano, whose height is only some 311 meters, is located on the island of Luzon, just 50 kilometers away from the more than one and a half million city of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. In fact, it is one of the smallest active volcanoes on our planet.

Despite his size, Taal sent many thousands of people to the next world. It is known that since 1572 this volcano has erupted at least thirty times. It was thanks to his activity that the third largest lake in the Philippines was formed, the greatest depth of which is 172 meters. It is also called Taal.

One of the most powerful eruptions of Taal, which resulted in the death of all living things within a few minutes at a distance of up to ten kilometers from the volcano, occurred on January 30, 1911. Then masses of superheated steam and hot ash killed 1335 people. It is noteworthy that the volcano did not eject lava.

A huge cloud of ash, according to sources of those years, was visible at a distance of more than four hundred kilometers. The last powerful eruption of Taal was also recorded in the last century. It happened in 1965, taking the lives of more than two hundred people.

Volcano Merapi, Indonesia

Some volcanoes destroy settlements and villages, like Nyamlaghira and Taal. Others, like Vesuvius, entire cities. About the Merapi volcano it is known that he destroyed the entire Javanese-Indian kingdom, which was located on the territory of modern Indonesia. This happened in the year 1006.

The highest point of Merapi is 2968 meters. “Mountain of Fire” (that’s how the name of this volcano is translated) does not skimp on deadly eruptions. And this is not surprising, since Merapi is the youngest volcano from the group of its many “relatives” located in the south of the island of Java.

In the first half of the last century, there were 13 eruptions of the “mountain of fire”. It is known, for example, that in 1930, 1,300 people died due to the activity of this volcano. And now in 1974 Merapi wipes out two villages, and just a year later - another village, causing enormous damage to the region’s infrastructure. 29 people died then.

The last powerful eruption of Merapi in 2010 forced more than 350,000 local residents to flee the surrounding region. Some of them, however, dared to return, for which many of them paid with their lives - the volcano sent 353 people to the next world.

The most dangerous volcanoes

Volcano Galeras, Colombia

In Colombia, very close to the border with the Republic of Ecuador, is the majestic Galeras volcano. The height of this giant is 4276 meters. The depth of the crater (about 80 meters) and its diameter (320 meters) turn this volcano into a kind of cannon that has fired more than once.

The Galeras volcano continues to be active, as can be seen from numerous small eruptions. Not many really strong eruptions happened on Galeras. According to scientists, over the past seven thousand years there have been about six major bursts of its activity.

Galeras is very popular place for tourists on site South America who also come to admire the beauty of the mountain located at the foot of the mountain national reserve , the area of ​​which is several thousand hectares.

Galeras constantly keeps in suspense almost half a million people living near the volcano, which, according to experts, remains active for at least a million years. Due to small eruptions, people often die there, and due to the threat of large ones, the authorities periodically evacuate many thousands of residents.

Sakurajima Volcano, Japan

Active Japanese volcano Sakurajima once appeared an independent island. However, after the eruption of 1914, it became part of the Osumi Peninsula, connecting with it through frozen lava flows.

Sakurajima has been continuously active since 1955, posing a serious threat to the city of Kagoshima, with a population of more than six hundred thousand people. However, this did not prevent (but rather helped) the residents of the city to benefit from such a dangerous neighborhood, making the volcano a tourist attraction.

A ferry regularly runs to Mount Sakurajima, and from the city itself to the volcano, whose height is 1117 meters, opens up mesmerizingly beautiful view . Given the constant small eruptions of the volcano, it is not surprising that residents have become accustomed to it. For example, in 2014 alone, 471 eruptions occurred!

Ancient people naively mistook volcanic eruptions for the wrath of the gods, however, many people still think so today. But the enlightened part of humanity has long understood that the matter here is not at all about the gods. Under the Earth's mantle there is an ocean of molten magma, which in some places presses harder than usual on the earth's crust and breaks through to the surface, pouring out in the form of lava flows from volcanic vents. Although lava flows burn everything in their path, they are not the worst thing in volcanic eruption, because there are also deadly pyroclastic flows, ash clouds, acid rain, volcanic bombs and earthquakes accompanying the eruption. As for the TOP 10 most dangerous volcanoes in the world, in a matter of hours after the eruption they can change everything around them beyond recognition.

1. Yellowstone supervolcano, USA

In the 60s of the last century, scientists discovered that a vast area in Yellowstone national park is a giant caldera of an ancient supervolcano. More than 3 million daredevils come every year to see the caldera’s increasing activity every year. Of course, it is very interesting to watch the work of geysers and hot springs, but they are potentially harbingers of catastrophic events.
Scientists have determined that the last time this supervolcano exploded was approximately 640 thousand years ago. If this were to happen again today, 87,000 people living near Yellowstone would likely die. A powerful eruption could completely change the landscape of the western United States, and huge masses of volcanic ash would cause climate change around the world and threaten the lives of people and animals. The explosion of such a volcano would become a full-scale global catastrophe, comparable to the fall of a large meteorite. Scientists suggest that at a depth of 8 kilometers under the caldera, a giant bubble of magma slowly rises, which heats the groundwater to a boil - hence the numerous hot springs and geysers. Unfortunately, science is still unable to make accurate predictions regarding eruptions, so we can only hope that it won't be too soon.

On our planet there are a wide variety of dangerous places, which have recently begun to attract special category extreme tourists looking for...

2. Vesuvius, Italy

The last time Vesuvius, which has a height of 1281 meters, erupted in 1944. All schoolchildren are familiar with this volcano from the famous painting by Karl Bryullov “The Last Day of Pompeii”, which picturesquely depicts the strong eruption of 79 that destroyed all local settlements, the most famous of which were the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The ash of the pyroclastic flow that covered Pompeii preserved everything that did not have time to burn, and after large-scale excavations a very interesting museum open air.
Vesuvius erupts about once every 20 years, although its last eruption was in 1944. Despite this, people continue to actively settle in the immediate vicinity of the mountain and even on it itself. Therefore, any powerful eruption of Vesuvius may again be accompanied by large human casualties.

3. Popocatepetl, Mexico

With a height of 5426 meters, the Popocatepetl volcano last erupted in 2000. It is only about 50 kilometers from Mexico City. During the last eruption, the authorities saved 41 thousand local residents from certain death by evacuating them in time. But with 9 million Mexicans now living within the blast radius of the volcano, a potential explosion could spell disaster. The activity of the volcano and the densely populated surroundings make Popocatepetl very dangerous. The peaks of the volcano are covered with glacier. According to historical data, after 1519 there were over 20 eruptions of this volcano.

4. Sakurajima, Japan

The volcano is not very high (1117 meters), and last erupted in 2015. Due to its high activity, it is called the “eastern Vesuvius”. At one time, the volcano rose from under the water near the coast of Japan, but after the 1914 eruption, lava flows formed a “bridge” connecting the volcano to the “mainland”. Every year, thousands of micro-eruptions of Sakurajima occur, during which ash is ejected from its vent and spread throughout the surrounding area. In the event of a powerful eruption, the city of Kagoshima with a population of 700 thousand people will be in danger.

Since primitive times, man has been using various plants: at first he only ate them, then he learned to make fabrics, paper, houses, ships from them, and...

5. Galeras, Colombia

The last time this tall (4276 m) volcano erupted was in 2010. It is located on the border with Ecuador. Volcanologists have determined that this volcano has been active for at least a million years. Its first documented eruption took place in 1580. Galeras remained inactive for a decade after 1978, after which it began to erupt regularly again. On eastern ridge The volcano is the city of Pasto, where 450 thousand Colombians live, risking their lives.

6. Merapi, Indonesia

The 2,930-meter-high volcano Merapi, which means “mountain of fire,” last staged a show in 2010. In Indonesia, it is the most active of the active volcanoes, pouring out a huge volume of lava, for which it has no equal in the world. The volcano has been active for at least 10,000 years. The latest eruption killed 353 Indonesians and left 320,000 homeless. The city authorities then finally developed an evacuation plan.

7. Nyiragongo, Democratic Republic of Congo

The last time this 3,470 m high volcano erupted was in 2011. It has a very large crater that periodically fills with lava, and then the lava lake disappears. But sometimes things go wrong, for example, in 1977, when under the pressure of lava the crater wall collapsed, and liquid molten stone rushed down to the villages at the speed of a locomotive. As a result, thousands of people were killed and injured by the lava. In 2002, under similar circumstances, another 147 people died, and 120 thousand people were left homeless.

8. Ulawun, Papua New Guinea

The 2,334-meter active volcano last erupted in 2013. Locals They respectfully call him “father.” This symmetrical peak grew on the island of New Britain. Since the beginning of the 18th century, 22 powerful eruptions of the Ulavun volcano have been recorded. Residents living next to it still witness its periodic weak eruptions. Although now the mountain looks impeccable from the point of view of decorating the landscape, after a strong eruption it is unlikely to retain its exterior, and significant areas of the surrounding lands will be destroyed.

Under dangerous natural phenomena refers to extreme climatic or meteorological phenomena that occur naturally in that area...

9. Tal, Philippines

This volcano is very small in height - only 311 meters, and its last eruption was observed in 1965. This volcano grew in the middle of Lake Tal on the Philippine island of Luzon. Manila, the country's capital, is very close, so for its population of 1.6 million people, the volcano is not at all a hypothetical threat. This “baby” has erupted 33 times since 1572. Although many tourists come to this island every year, they are immediately warned to stay away from the volcano. The most powerful eruption of the last century occurred here in 1911. Then the volcano was able to kill more than 1,330 people, and all living creatures within a radius of 10 kilometers died.

10. Mauna Loa, Hawaii

This tall (4,169 meters) volcano last erupted in 1984. In general, it has been active for at least 700 thousand years. But, fortunately, most of its eruptions are weak, only occasionally lava flows acquire high speed and become dangerous for those located on the slopes settlements. Basically, the volcano spews viscous lava, which slowly creeps along the surface, so residents have time to evacuate. But volcanologists believe that the likelihood of a catastrophic eruption of this volcano is very high. In addition to eruptions, Mauna Loa is also dangerous due to destructive landslides, which, although rare, are extremely dangerous.

Volcanoes are shrouded in mystery; in ancient times they were associated with mythology, with gods and goddesses who controlled their fiery powers. For thousands of years, volcanoes have created new lands, destroyed cities and changed the face of our planet.

Thousands of travelers and holidaymakers were forced to cancel their plans in 2010 after the eruption Icelandic volcano. Huge volcanic ash clouds have closed the airspace of much of continental Europe, causing major adjustments to flight schedules.

But there are some enthusiasts for whom volcanoes and travel are always a combination. They love adventure and will do anything to get to the next active volcano, photograph fiery lava flows and remain surrounded by danger for a while.

Although there are thousands of volcanoes on Earth, only about 500 of them are currently active. And at the moment, approximately 500 million people live in close proximity to active volcanoes.

1. Kilauea Volcano (Kilauea Volcano), Hawaii

The volcano is located in the southeastern part Big Island. The first recorded eruption was in 1790. The current eruption began in 1983 and is still ongoing. The volcano is located on the territory. Here you can see dramatic scenery of burning lava flows flowing straight into the sea.

Volcano Etna is located on an island in. It is the largest active volcano in Europe and was formed around 1500 BC. e. and has since erupted about 200 times. Small eruptions occur regularly. The volcano has killed thousands of people throughout its history, but that doesn't stop the Italians. The volcanic soil is excellent for growing olives and grapes, so they are once again settling on the slopes of Etna.

The shield volcano Piton de la Fournaise is located in Indian Ocean on the eastern side of Reunion Island, it is the main attraction of the island. The volcano has been active for more than 530 thousand years. More than 150 eruptions have occurred since the 17th century, with the most recent recorded in December 2010.

The volcanic island of Stromboli is part of the Aeolian Islands located off the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. The ancient Greeks considered these places to be the home of the god of the winds, Eola. The island was formed as a result of volcanic activity on seabed millions of years ago. The Stromboli volcano has been erupting almost continuously for the past few thousand years.

The Yasru volcano is located on the island of Tanna, located in the southern part of the New Hebrides archipelago in Pacific Ocean. Part of the Pacific Volcanic Ring of Fire. It has been continuously erupting for more than 800 years at intervals of several times per hour. Volcano Yasru is popular tourist destination, at night it looks like a fantastic fiery fireworks display.

The volcano is located on the former island of the same name in Kagoshima Prefecture. The top of the mountain is divided into three peaks, the southern peak of Minamidake is active. The most powerful eruption occurred in 1914, when the island of Sakurajima connected with the mainland and became a peninsula. Since 1955, the volcano has erupted almost continuously.

7. Volcano Santa Maria ( Santa Maria Volcano), Guatemala

A large active stratovolcano located on the Pacific coast, it rises to an impressive height of 3,772 meters. Activity began approximately 30 thousand years ago. For many millennia until the 20th century, eruptions were small and frequent. In 1902, a powerful volcanic explosion occurred, destroying part of the mountain and causing serious damage to southwestern Guatemala.

The crater of the Chaiten volcano is a caldera with a diameter of 3 km, inside which there are several volcanic lakes. The volcano is located at an altitude of 1122 meters, 10 km, northeast of the city of Chaiten, near the Gulf of Corcovado in the south. A strong eruption began in the spring of 2008 and continues to this day with varying intensity. Before this, the volcano had not been active for almost 10,000 years.

Mayon is an active stratovolcano in the Albay province. It is the most active volcano in the Philippine Islands and has erupted more than 50 times in the last 400 years. The first major eruption was recorded in 1616. Mayon has been erupting weakly since January 2011, which could be a sign of a major eruption in the near future. The volcano is known for its almost perfect cone shape.

This is an active volcano located 48 km from east coast North Island in the Bay of Plenty (Bay of Plenty). The underwater mountain extends from the seabed 1600 meters, and the round peak of the volcano rises above sea level to a height of 321 meters. Thanks to the opportunity to visit the base of the crater without the hassle of climbing, White Island is very popular with tourists and explorers.

11. Soufriere Hills Volcano ( Soufriere Hills), Montserrat Island

Active stratovolcano, part of the Malye Antilles. He was in a dormant state for a long time. An eruption has been ongoing since 1995, which has already destroyed the city of Plymouth and caused mass evacuations. More than half the population left the island.

12. Popocatepetl Volcano ( Popocatepetl), Mexico

The Popocatepetl volcano is the second highest peak in the world. Popocatépetl is associated with the Iztaccihuatl volcano mountain pass Paso de Cortes ( Paso de Cortes). Just 40 km. the city of Puebla is located from the volcano, historical center which is listed in . The last major eruption was in 1947. Since 1994, the volcano has periodically erupted streams of gas and ash.