All about independent travel to Rome. For more than two millennia, the Eternal City has attracted everyone's attention. Rome is one of the most romantic and magnificent cities in the world. Rome is the most

For more than two millennia, the Eternal City has attracted everyone's attention. Rome is one of the most romantic and magnificent cities in the world.

The very first and most important date in history Eternal City became April 21, 753 BC. On this day, Romulus, who killed his twin brother Remus, founded the city of Rome. After a few centuries, Rome grew from a small city-state to a powerful empire.

The most famous emperors of Rome are Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Gnaeus Pompey, Gaius Julius Caesar, Octavian Augustus, the Flavian dynasty, Trajan. Each of the emperors contributed not only to the political life of the state, but also to the appearance of the city, its architecture, and borders.

In 410, Rome was captured and ravaged by the Visigoths, and in 455 the city was sacked by the Vandals. Since then, the city has experienced many attacks and captures.

In 1943-1944, Rome was occupied by the Germans, but, fortunately, major destruction occurred during the Second World War I didn’t bring it to the city.

Climate and weather

Summer here is quite long and hot with average temperature air +25 °C, almost no precipitation. At the beginning of summer, sirocco winds blow in the city - winds that bring hot, suffocating air.

The average air temperature in winter is +5 °C. Winter is quite mild, almost without frost or snowfall. The fallen snow can lie for no more than two days, and then melts. In winter, the city is sometimes visited by cold Trimontane winds.

Nature

Rome is located in the center of the Apennine Peninsula and lies on seven hills: Viminal, Quirinal, Caelian, Aventine, Capitoline, Palatine and Esquiline. Situated in a hilly lowland, Rome is surrounded on three sides small mountains: Prenestani, Sabini, Albani and Sabatini. The plain between these mountains is called the Roman Campania. In the city itself there is Mount Mario, 141 meters high, as well as the Pincio and Janicolo hills.

Rome is divided into two parts by the Tiber River. Previously, the river was quite deep, which caused floods and spills in the city. In the 19th century, high stone parapets were erected on the city's embankments; there was no longer any threat of flooding.

There are not many green spaces in Rome. All the greenery is concentrated mainly in the private villas and gardens of local aristocrats, but there are also public squares and parks. It cannot be said that the Eternal City is surrounded by greenery of vineyards and olive groves, but still these representatives of the flora are often found here.

The Romans themselves prefer to relax in picturesque places near Rome. For example, to the east of the city are the Tiburtine Mountains, where the beautiful river Aniene and there are magnificent waterfalls.

Attractions

The most important Roman attraction is the Colosseum, or Flavian Amphitheatre. The largest amphitheater in the Roman Empire was built in 80 on the site of Nero's artificial sea. Josephus built the Colosseum to erase the Romans' memories of the cruel Nero.

The Trevi Fountain is located on the square of the same name. Sculptural composition The fountain shows the god of the sea Neptune, who moves towards the ocean in his chariot drawn by winged horses and young sea gods.

Not far from Via dei Fori Imperiali is the Forum Romanum, which was the most important religious and political center of the entire Roman Empire. On Piazza della Rotonda is the main Roman temple - the Pantheon (translated as “dedicated to all gods”).

The world famous Sistine Chapel is located in the Vatican Museum. It was built between 1473 and 1481 by order of Pope Sixtus IV. Here you can see the Last Judgment fresco by Michelangelo and many other frescoes by famous artists. It is here that conclaves, secret meetings of cardinals regarding the choice of a new pope, have been held since the 15th century.

On Piazza di Santa Maria Maggiore there is one of the largest Roman churches - the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore (431). Not far from the Spanish Steps is the Villa Borghese art museum, where works by Leonardo da Vinci, Rubens, Raphael, and Titian are displayed.

No less popular city attractions are the Arch of Constantine (first mentioned in 315), whose height reaches 21 meters, the Castel Sant'Angelo (2nd century) with its luxurious armory, and St. Peter's Cathedral (16th century). And don't forget to visit the most small state in the world - the Vatican.

Nutrition

In Rome, both those who like to eat quickly and inexpensively, and gourmets will find places to their liking. The most famous Roman restaurant is Agata e Romeo, where you will be offered completely unique dishes: rabbit with spices, tomatoes in caramel glaze, cucumber sorbet and quite a lot more big list culinary exotica. The Il Convivio restaurant also offers its visitors a unique menu, where you can try exotic meat dishes and desserts, ricotta and stuffed pumpkin flowers, and also check out the restaurant’s rich wine list.

You can try classic home cooking at the Spinosi Alberto restaurant. Specialties include traditional homemade cakes and fish prepared according to an ancient recipe.

Vegetarians will fall in love with Margutta Vegetariano-RistorArte, which features live music on weekends. Seafood lovers should visit La Rosetta restaurant and order their fish platter. Menu family restaurant Vicolo delle Grotte is made up of European cuisine. La Taverna del Ghetto restaurant serves the best traditional Italian cuisine.

The Gusto restaurant is divided into a pizzeria and a restaurant serving European cuisine. And in the Glass Hostaria restaurant you will enjoy not only excellent Italian cuisine, but also interesting modern design.

Accommodation

The cost of living in hotels in Rome has remained one of the highest in Europe for many years. But believe me, in Rome the price will justify the quality. Many hotels here are based on the former ancient castle or a mansion, which gives a certain zest to living. Interesting fact is that prices in hotels in Italy are set by the state.

The most popular hotels in Rome are Archimede 3*, Polo 4*, Savoy 4* and Majestic 5*.

Entertainment and relaxation

The capital of Italy will appeal to shopaholics, lovers of nightlife, inquisitive fans of excursions, and lovers of natural beauty.

The most famous club in the city is Gilda. The Piazza Siena Art Café nightclub often hosts music concerts, various presentations and fashion shows, and during the day there are movie lunches, when you can dine while watching a good movie. At the Chiariti Café you can enjoy aromatic coffee during the day and jazz and blues in the evening.

Club Escopazzo boasts its own bar with very original cocktails and snacks. A wide variety of parties take place at the Alien club. Excellent music, interior and excellent relaxation conditions await you in the Piper and Radio Londra clubs.

Purchases

The main shopping street in Rome is the central street Via del Corso, which runs through the entire center and consists entirely of shops.

The streets of Via Condotti, Frattina, Sistina, Borgognona and Gregoriana can easily be classified as “boutique”. There you can purchase the latest models of clothing, shoes and accessories from leading European designers. Here you will find showcases of world famous brands Dolce & Gabbana, Armani, Gucci, Valentine, Trussardi, Giantranco Ferre, Rocco Barocco, Laura Biagiotti and many others.

For more economical shopping, we recommend you go to the Via Nazionale area or the already mentioned Via del Corso. Here, next to the boutiques, there are more modest shops with prices that are affordable to everyone, and the quality of the goods in them is quite decent.

The chains of large department stores Coin, La Standa, La Rinascenta and Upini are very popular among Romans and tourists. But it’s still cheaper to shop in small private shops, most of them are located near Termini Station.

Transport

You can get around Rome by public transport: metro, tram or bus. There is also an “undecided trolleybus” in Rome - part of the route it travels like a trolleybus on wires, and the other part like a bus, with its “horns” lowered.

The Rome metro opened in 1955 and today consists of two lines. It is planned to build two more lines, but archaeological excavations do not allow this yet.

All city public transport belongs to one company, so all types of transport are subject to single tickets for travel. They can be purchased at metro ticket offices, newspaper and tobacco kiosks, as well as from vending machines at bus stops. When entering the bus or tram, do not forget to validate your ticket. If the composter does not work, then write the date and time of boarding on the ticket with a pen. Try to buy a travel ticket in advance, as drivers do not always sell them.

In Rome, a ticket for one trip lasting up to 75 minutes costs 1 euro, and during this time you can ride on several routes (for example, changing a bus to a tram). In Rome you can buy travel tickets for one day, three days and a week. They cost 4.1 euros, 11 euros and 16 euros respectively. There are travel passes for a longer period, but for this you will have to issue a special certificate. Students of European universities enjoy a discount on travel.

Don't be surprised if the taxi driver doesn't stop when you wave your hand. The fact is that in Rome taxi drivers stop only in specially designated places. So you will have to look for their stop.

Connection

The capital of Italy, the country with the most developed mobile communications, is also not deprived of good telephone network coverage. There are four operators operating in the country mobile communications: TIM, Tre, Vodafone and I WIND. The cost of the services provided is almost the same, regardless of the operator. Only special promotions and offers can influence your choice. You can purchase a SIM card at the office of a communications company representative, at a post office, or even in a regular store. Prepaid cards are also sold there. The card seller can give you good advice on choosing an operator.

You can use a regular landline telephone not only from a hotel or bar, but also from a street pay phone. For such a call, you will also need a prepaid card, but of a different type. It is quite easy to buy in the city: in most shops and kiosks. It is most profitable to make international calls in weekdays from 22:00 to 8:00 and during Sundays, these times are preferential.

There are many Internet cafes in Rome, as well as free access points in various public places. Such places are marked on some maps of the city.

Safety

Rome is considered a very safe city; problems with tourists rarely happen here. You can safely walk around the historical part of Rome both day and night. But still, you should not be completely careless - do not forget about the basic rules of caution.

The biggest danger comes from pickpockets and shippatores (thieves on mopeds), who snatch bags from passers-by as they move. You can come across such robbers in the area of ​​Termini Station and other crowded places: at the Colosseum, on the Spanish Steps, at the Trevi Fountain. They act very professionally - you definitely won’t be able to react in time. Their objects are handbags, cameras, video cameras. Try to hold or hang such things in front, and not on your shoulder.

Pickpockets pull out wallets, take off watches and jewelry. Therefore, try to leave valuables at the hotel. In addition, pickpockets often ply their trade on public transport, and the most popular routes among them are buses No. 40 and No. 64, which go from St. Peter's Basilica to Termini Station.

Also, don’t forget your bags on the seats of cars - this is a big temptation for street thieves.

Beware of the little gypsies, they have also been trained to work professionally. While some will distract you, others will quickly “cleanse” you.

Business climate

Rome has two largest exhibition centers: Fiera di Roma and Nuova Fiera.

The most important and oldest exhibition center in Rome is the Fiera di Roma. It hosts various exhibitions, forums, business meetings, seminars, conferences and presentations on a national and international scale.

The Nuova Fiera exhibition center was built relatively recently. It has become one of the main exhibition centers not only in Italy, but also in Europe, Nuova Fiera quickly reached the world level. The exhibition center has an area of ​​186,000 square meters, located a couple of kilometers from the center of Rome.

Real estate

Rome real estate is similar to most real estate European capitals. There are both pros and cons here. The disadvantages include the low level of profitability from investments in Roman real estate, the high level of gas pollution in the Italian capital, as well as the difficult economic situation in Italy (growing unemployment and declining GDP per capita). Do not forget that Rome is landlocked, and this significantly limits the tourism sector.

Despite such preconditions for the lack of investment and transactions in general, the real estate market in Rome remains attractive to investors for many decades. Rome is one of the world's oldest capitals and combines the cultures of several eras. Housing in the central part of the city is put up for sale extremely rarely, and if such an event does happen, then the demand for it is extremely high. As they say, it is being snapped up like hot cakes. There have been no housing development sites in the center of Rome for a long time. Throughout the city, new housing is built extremely rarely, so transactions are more often made with the old housing stock.

We recommend that tourists move around the city on foot, since the sights of Rome are literally at every step. In this case, it will not be superfluous to have a phrasebook with you, since local residents The situation is not very good with foreign languages. It is better to change currency at large banks or at a hotel.

If you are going on a tour of the Vatican, wear closed clothes- no short skirts or shorts and tops with a deep neckline and short sleeves. And if you are going to the catacombs of St. Callistus, dress warmly, because the maximum temperature there is +15 °C.

In cafes and restaurants, it is customary to leave a tip of 10% of the total order.

Between 13:00 and 16:00 most government agencies and shops are closed for lunch break.

A well-planned route is a guarantee have a good trip, from which vivid memories will remain. Therefore, think in advance which attractions of Rome you want to see. Number of known historical places and there are so many architectural monuments in the capital of Italy that it is simply unrealistic to see them in one trip. Below is a small list of the most interesting places in Rome, once visited which you will fall in love with this city forever.

Source: PICSFAB.COM

The Colosseum is the visiting card of the Eternal City

To visit Rome and not visit the Colosseum is a kind of bad manners. This is what most tourists think, which is why there is usually a huge multinational queue at the Flavian Amphitheater (as the Colosseum is also called). Majestic ruins are all that remains of the largest ancient amphitheater, erected by the emperors Vespasian and Titus, and intended for gladiatorial fights. However, even in its dilapidated state, this place evokes awe.

Finding the Colosseum will not be difficult: any guide to Rome will tell you how to get there.

Source: rome-italy.ru

Address: Piazza del Colosseo, 1.
Opening hours :

• from 9.00 to 19.00 – from April to early October)
• from 9.00 to 15.00 – from January to March).

Ticket price: 12 euros (if you are not a resident of the European Union). This is how much a general ticket costs, valid for two days, and allowing you to visit not only the Colosseum, but also the Roman Forum and the Palatine.
Cost of a guided tour : 4.5 euros.

Source: youraudioguide.com

Trevi Fountain – a must have when visiting Rome

Rome is the city of fountains. But the most famous and largest of them is the Trevi Fountain. Almost every tourist traveling to the capital of Italy brings home a photograph taken against its background.

Designed in Baroque style, this fountain is characterized by its this direction pomp and majesty. The masterfully executed figures of gods, tritons, pegasi and other representatives of ancient mythology look so grandiose and monumental that it is impossible to ignore this place.

Address: Piazza de Trevi.

Source: dolcevita-magazine.com

Photo: Hernán Piñera. License: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0

Photo: Steve Johnson. License: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0

Source: evraziya.at.ua

The Roman Forum is a magnet for tourists

The forum was originally a part of the city, located in the lowlands between the hills and reserved for trade, but over time it became a place of more social and political importance. The ancient Romans came here to listen to rhetoricians, to be present during the consideration of criminal cases, executions, and resolution of disputes. Over time, sanctuaries in honor of ancient gods, arches and basilicas were built here, which over time fell into disrepair and today are ruins.

Address: Via della Salaria Vecchia, 5/6.
Ticket price :

• adult ticket – 12 euros,
• children and reduced rates – 8 euros.

Opening hours :

• in March from 8.30 to 17.00;
• from April to August – until 19.15;
• in October – until 18.30;
• from November to February – until 16.30.

Photo: Jacob Surland, Licensed Creative Commons non-commercial v4.0.

Villa Borghese – a green oasis in a busy city

IN XVII century by order of Cardinal Borghese in the northern part of the capital, on the Pincio hill, it was defeated landscape park. It housed the villa itself and many ancient statues, and a little later a lake was artificially created here. At the beginning of the 20th century, the territory of the park became the property of the city - since then this place has become one of the most visited by both residents of the capital and tourists. The park houses a number of museums, as well as a theater.

Source: travelermap.ru

How to get there : Climbing the steps of the Spanish Steps.
Address: Piazzale Flaminio.
Ticket price :

• Ordinary entrance ticket– 8.5 euros;
• for beneficiaries - 5.25 euros.

Opening hours: from 9.00 to 19.00 on all days except Monday.

Source: youraudioguide.com

Source: travelermap.ru

Galleria Borghese is an interesting place for art lovers

When visiting the Villa Borghese, admirers of beauty usually head to the gallery located here - a building erected in the spirit of classicism, which houses paintings and sculptures of such great painters and sculptors as Claude Monet, Lorenzo Lotto, Van Gogh, Rubens, Titian, Luigi Valadier, Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini and many others.

Source: snovadoma.ru

Opening hours : from 9.00 to 19.00,
Ticket price: 13 euros.
Borghese Gallery website : www.galleriaborghese.it

Source: rimtravel.com

Source: saporitours.com

The Spanish Steps are a sign of friendship between the Spanish and French peoples in Rome

Taking a photo at the majestic Spanish Steps is one of the top things on the list of all tourists visiting Rome. At the foot of the stairs is the Piazza di Spagna, and if you climb the steps to the very top, you can go to the Trinità dei Monti church.

Source: guidesmart.tv

How to get there : Get off at Spagna metro station.
Address: Piazza di Spagna

Source: hipolletto.com

Source: hipolletto.com

Source: strana-italiya.ru

Baths of Caracalla - a monument of architecture and “bath art”

Baths occupied an important place in the ancient world. Citizens of Rome came here not only for swimming, but also to socialize and make business acquaintances. The Baths of Caracalla, with their marble cladding, mosaics and niches, were considered one of the most majestic buildings of this kind, therefore, even in ancient times, they were recognized as a miracle of the Eternal City.

Today, all that remains of the baths are ruins. Since 1937, it has hosted performances by opera singers, theatrical productions and concerts by contemporary world-famous performers.

Source: blog.bourse-des-vols.com

Opening hours : from 9.00 until the end of daylight hours.
Address: Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 52.

Source: studyblue.com

Source: quotidianamente.net

Piazza del Popolo - a place with a relaxed atmosphere

Translated from Italian, Piazza del Popolo means “people's square”. Despite the fact that until the 20s of the 19th century it acted as a place for public executions, today a festive atmosphere reigns here, setting the mood for relaxation. Piazza del Popolo periodically hosts mass events; there are always a lot of citizens and visitors here.

How to get there : You need to get off at Flaminio metro station.

Photo: Fred PO, licensed under creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

Source: thousandwonders.net

Fountain of the Four Rivers - a magnificent construction by the architect Bernini

The second most famous fountain in Rome (after Trevi) is the Fountain of the Four Rivers, located in Piazza Navona. Sculpture group is represented by allegorical images of four great rivers - the Danube, the Nile, the Ganges, and La Plata, which are located at the foot of the obelisk in the Egyptian style.

The fountain is located almost in the very center of the capital, so it is convenient to get here from almost every corner of the city.

Address: Piazza Navona

Source: italyguides.it

Capitoline Hill - the center of ancient and modern Rome

The Capitoline Hill is the gentlest and lowest of the seven hills on which Rome was built. At its foot, the ruins of the insula of Aracoeli have survived to this day - an apartment building from antiquity, which was built for renting out housing. The Capitoline Hill is decorated with the works of the genius Michelangelo Buonarotti - the Palace of Senators, which he reconstructed, the Cordonata staircase and a number of other buildings.

For free: inspection of Capitol Hill itself.
Paid: visiting the objects located on it.

Source: internoroma.ru

Capitoline Museums and their priceless collections

After a walk along the Capitoline Hill, it is worth looking into the museums located on it - Palazzo Nuovo, Palazzo dei Conservatori, Centrale Montemartini. They display masterpieces of world art - paintings by Rubens, Titian and other artists, famous ancient statues, a collection of Greek ceramics and many other must-see exhibits.

Source: travel.rambler.ru

Address: Piazza del Campidoglio, 1.
Opening hours :

• daily, except Monday – from 9.00 to 13.00,
• on Saturday and Tuesday there are additional hours for visits - from 17.00 to 20.00.

Ticket price :

• 6.5 + 1.5 euros for visiting individual exhibitions;
• free for visitors under 18 and over 65 years of age.

Rome is known by many names, one of which is the “Eternal City”. This is how it began to be called back in the 1st century BC, because, despite its “age,” the city continued to develop - its size, power, splendor and influence on the whole world grew. Throughout its existence, it attracted the attention of politicians, historians, artisans, musicians, artists and travelers. Here, like no other place on earth, many monuments of architecture, culture and art are concentrated. In Rome, ancient artifacts and modern buildings, material wealth and spiritual values, new trends in culture and old traditions are combined in the most charming way. Undoubtedly, the capital of Italy can deservedly be called one of the most interesting cities in Europe.

Italians are considered to be quite impulsive people, so on weekends during local games football clubs Lively crowds of fans can be seen throughout the city. To fully experience what it means to support football in Italian, you need to attend any of the matches, and especially during the confrontation between the Lazio and Roma teams. Surprisingly, the stadium itself, where the competitions are held, is an architectural monument of the twentieth century.

Having walked around historical sights, temples, museums and parks, and received a charge of positive energy at a football match, it’s time to refresh yourself, especially since Rome is famous for its cuisine and wine. Here are located best restaurants countries that serve a variety of Italian delicacies.

Shopping lovers will also not be bored in the city. In almost any area you can find boutiques, large chain stores, shopping centers and small shops. They sell clothing, accessories, shoes and many other products from famous brands and local fashion designers.

Rome is the largest center of international tourism

Until 1945, the main source of income for the city treasury was donations from pilgrims and profits from the tourism industry. The surrounding lands are infertile, so agriculture is poorly developed here. Local authorities have long been against the construction of industrial facilities. In the second half of the last century, numerous enterprises producing paper, food, jewelry, metal and leather goods appeared in the city.

Today Rome has become the largest transport hub country, its industrial and financial center. The main sectors of the economy are mechanical engineering, chemical, printing, furniture and food industries. However, the main income still comes from tourism. More than 10 million people come here every year, thanks to which Rome is considered one of the largest centers international tourism. Government agencies, governing bodies of mass organizations and political parties, and the main offices of insurance companies and banks are concentrated here.

City on seven hills

The history of Rome goes back several thousand years. Originally it was a small village located on seven high hills at the place where the Tiber River flows into the sea. Close location of water transport routes contributed to the development of trade local population with Greece and others eastern countries, and the hills protected from sea robbers. Rome has been the capital of Italy since 1871.

The official founding date of the city is considered to be 753 BC, and one ancient legend is associated with the event itself. By order of the cruel ruler Amulius, two twin boys were to be drowned in the Tiber River, who could in the future overthrow him from the throne. However, the slave took pity on the kids and let the basket with them float on the water. The mighty waters of the Tiber carried her away from the Palatine Hill, where the she-wolf heard the cry of the children. She affectionately licked them and fed them milk. Soon the royal shepherd saw the basket, who raised the boys. He gave one the name Remus, and the other Romulus. When the brothers grew up, the shepherd told them the secret of their origin. They took revenge on Amulius, returned the reins of power to their grandfather Numitor, and themselves founded their own city on the Palatine Hill - Rome.

Transport

The local metro has only two lines, so it is better to get around the city by tram or bus. They also ply the streets tourist buses, which are equipped with panoramic windows and an audio guide.

Safety

Rome - relatively safe city, but you should avoid walking through the “emigrant” neighborhoods. The main threat to tourists is pickpockets.

Rome is the mystery of Italy, a duet of metal and stone. Rome in Italy is a remarkable, inspiring and memorable city. Rome in Italy is a noble and aristocratic city. The city of Rome is a landscape of reflection!

The greatness of Italian history is revealed through the great actions of the emperors and generals of Rome. Rome has been for centuries center of the Roman Empire the most powerful, dominant, rich and grandiose empire ancient world. Rome holds its ancient treasures, evidence of the city's leading role in the rich historical events that made it the world's first museum city. Palace of Saturn, Basilica Emilia, Palace of Castres and Pollux, Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, squares with columns and monuments, as well as the Baths of Caracalla, taverns, Theater of Marcellus, market, Palace of Venus, Arch of Constantine - all this historical heritage today it is available for contemplation by tourists.

Rome is art, it is history, it is nature! All roads lead to Rome, and from Rome to eternity...

Tourist sunny Italy is all about mood, beauty, emotions, decorations and souvenirs. The inspiration of Italy is the “eternal city” of Rome, where solemnity and grace are valued. Rome in Italy is a city where the soul is filled with delight!

Energy of life modern city juxtaposed with the pomp and sophistication of the ancient world.

Rome has the smallest .

Sights of Rome

• The most important Roman ruins: the Palatine, and the Baths of Caracalla;
• Imperial Forums;
• is a hymn to the sea and its ruler Neptune. Playful seahorses and newts have united into a single mythical ensemble, delighting citizens and tourists, and a coin thrown into it is the key to a new meeting with the “eternal city”;
• Plaza de España. Fountain in the shape of a boat "Barcaccia". The famous Spanish Steps (135 steps);
• . Palace of Venice and the monumental structure “Altar of the Fatherland” (“Vittoriano”).
• . Three fountains: The central one is the “Fountain of Four Rivers”, created in 1648-1650 according to Bernini’s sketches. It is a stele framed by sculptures depicting the rivers Ganges, Nile, Danube and La Plata; The two side ones are “Neptune’s Fountain” and “Moor’s Fountain” (by Giacomo della Porta).

Rome is the most mysterious place in Italy, where the pages of a historical novel seem to come to life! In this ancient city a feeling of merging with history is created and the nuances are no longer important: either history penetrates you, or you penetrate history! At night, all the monuments are illuminated and Rome is filled with magic!

The art of Rome is wisdom in the guise of beauty and architecture. It was in Rome that they came up with the idea of ​​growing flowers on the windowsill! Cement was also invented in Rome. It is believed that the water in Rome is the most delicious in the world: there are still thousands of springs and fountains here! "Bread and circuses!" - the slogan is also Roman.
The dynamics, freedom, passion and power of magic of the modern capital of Italy organically fit into the monumental image of Rome.
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Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater) in Rome

The most ancient building remaining from ancient Rome is Coliseum (Flavian Amphitheater). Despite centuries of destruction, it remains the main symbol of Rome today.

The amphitheater was built in the 1st century AD, in 8 years. This impressive elliptical structure with a height of 50 meters, a perimeter of 530 meters, a foundation of 13 meters and 28 elevators is the largest amphitheater of the ancient world.

Colosseum, Flavian Amphitheatre, Rome

In accordance with the hierarchy of Roman society, residents had tokens indicating their place in the Colosseum. Residents could attend all performances for free; there were about 10 of them a year. A metal barrier, elephants and archers protected the very first rows where the nobility were seated from wild animals. What haven't the walls of the Colosseum seen? Here they staged battles with wild animals, executions of those sentenced to death, which took place in the form of performances, water battles and gladiator fights, where the main reward was a wooden sword - a symbol of freedom. Since the 6th century, the amphitheater has been abandoned. Its destruction and looting began, which stopped only in 1700, when the Colosseum was declared a place of martyrdom of the first Christians. History comes to us through stones. Time has turned the Colosseum into ruins of history. Today, through the openings of the Colosseum, the Roman sky is blue!

Pantheon in Rome

The Pantheon in Rome is a masterpiece of ancient Roman architecture, which has come down to us in perfect condition since 125 AD. The Pantheon is the only ancient domed landmark in Rome. It is difficult to imagine that this monolithic building, impressive in size, without a single window on the sides, is luxuriously decorated and well lit inside. The round rotunda with a diameter of 43.5 meters, together with the dome, rises 42 meters, supported by massive walls 6 meters thick. The austere facade of the building is decorated with a rectangular portico, which rests on two rows of 14-meter solemn red monolithic columns made of Egyptian granite (the upper part is made of Greek marble).

The Pantheon, for all its significance and uniqueness, is one of the most accessible attractions for tourists in Rome. Pantheon literally means “Temple of all gods.” But already in 609, by decree of Pope Boniface IV, the ancient temple began to be used as the Christian Church of Our Lady of Martyrs, and this saved it from destruction. Today it is also the main tomb of famous people. The first person to wish to be buried in the Pantheon was the famous Italian Renaissance artist Raphael Santi (1520). So the Pantheon became a mausoleum. Here we found ours last refuge Kings Victor Emmanuel II, Umberto I, Queen Margaret, as well as famous cultural figures Carracci and Zuccari.

Speaking about the Pantheon, one cannot fail to mention the dome. The dome is made of concrete, and a 9-meter round hole in its center illuminates the interior inside, creating the impression of a vault of heaven decorated with stars. Five rows of caissons visually lighten the entire structure and create an “airiness” of the decorative elements of the interior decoration of the vault. Colored African marble is present everywhere inside the Pantheon: from the threshold and mosaic floor to the walls. The altars and niches are decorated with statues of saints, 17th-18th century sculptures and paintings.

Services in the Pantheon are still held today on significant spiritual holidays.

Palatine. Palatine Hill in Rome

Rome stands on 7 hills: Capitol, Palatine, Aventine, Quirinal, Viminal, Caelium, Esquiline.

Palatine Hill is the cradle of the Roman Empire, the second largest after the Capitol (40 meters high).

The Palatine is a museum of ancient Rome under open air. He seems to resurrect the fictions of ancient mythology. According to legend, it was on it that the twins Remus and Romulus were found and suckled by a she-wolf.

The Palatine is a hill from the era of kings and emperors, rightfully occupying central place in Rome. The Palatine Hill tells its story with the hut of Romulus, the palaces of Tiberius and Flavius, the stadium of Domitian, the aqueduct of Claudius, the palace and botanical garden Farnese, the Baths of Severus, the Palatine Museum, the Temple of Apollo, the House of Augustus, buildings from the era of Nero.

Roman Forum

With one ticket you can visit three ancient sights of Rome, which are located in historical center cities: Palatine Hill, Roman Forum and Colosseum.

Roman Forum - the former business and political center of Ancient Rome. The view of the Roman Forum is particularly striking from observation deck located nearby.

• Main attractions of the Roman Forum:
• Arch of Tito (Arco di Tito);
• Arch of Settimo Severo (Arco Settimo Severo) or Septimius Severus;
• Basilica Julia;
• Temple of Venus the Ancestress;
• Temple of the Goddess Vesta;
• Temple of Concord;
• Temple of Saturn;
• Arch of Constantine (Arco di Constantino).

Temple of Saturn(497 BC) is considered the most impressive landmark of the Roman Forum. Its majestic columns and fragments that have survived to posterity date back to the buildings of the 3rd century BC.

Saturn is mythical god, glorifying the equality of people without classes. Some scientists believe that the custom of Christmas gifts under the tree came precisely from the Roman Saturnalia (festivals in honor of Saturn).

Arch of Constantine rises on the Palatine Hill on the conventional border between the Colosseum and the Roman Forum.

The Arch of Constantine is a three-span arched structure, with the most impressive central span and two arches on the sides, decorated with an attic. It is the last and largest of the three Roman imperial arches that have survived to this day, including the Arch of Titus and the Arch of Settim Severus (height 21 meters, width 26 meters, wall thickness more than 7.3 meters).

An interesting fact is that the Triumphal Arch of Constantine is the only one that was built in 315 as a result of the victory of Emperor Constantine in civil war in the battle on October 28, 312 at the Milvio Bridge over the commander Maxentius, who tried to seize power and declared himself Emperor of Western Rome.

The Arch of Constantine is made of white stone and marble blocks, and it rests on 8 Corinthian columns made of yellowish marble (4 on each side). In the decoration of its attic (a rectangular superstructure over the spans), the Romans used decorations taken from other more ancient monuments: reliefs from the time of Marcus Aurelius and 8 marble statues of Dacian barbarians from the Forum of Trajan. From the era of Hadrian, the Arch of Constantine received 8 medallions with scenes of hunting and sacrifices, which crown the side vaults of two arched spans.

During the reign of Emperor Constantine, new decorations were created on the arch: a relief frieze with illustrations of Constantine's military campaign against Maxentius, as well as the deities of the Moon and the Sun on chariots. The Goddess of Victory Victoria is depicted on the vault of the central arch and the bases of the columns.

The Arch of Constantine is located near St. Gregory Street next to the metro station on line B (Colosseo).

Arch of Septimius Severus erected in 203 AD in honor of the emperor ancient Rome Septimius Severus and his sons Geta and Caracalla.

This massive arched structure with three bays and a width of 23 meters is the second largest after Arc de Triomphe Constantine from the memorial arches. The attic is decorated with inscriptions and bas-reliefs with the exploits and victories in the wars of Septimius Severus with the Partis and the Arabs. The bases of the four columns on the facade of the arch are images of captive barbarians.

Arch of Septimius Severus (Arco Settimo Severo) at the Roman Forum.

Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome

On the picturesque bank of the Tiber River in Rome, a majestic bulk rises. Spend your holidays in Rome and immerse yourself in its secrets!

Which, back in the 3rd century BC, began to be called “the greatest eternal city” - this is the dream of millions of travelers from different parts of our planet, who dream of seeing with their own eyes a lot of ancient sights.

Brief description

Sights, including a huge number of historical and architectural monuments, which reflect the former greatness and power of the Great Roman Empire. Thanks to sociological research, experts concluded that Rome is considered the most visited city in the world. The legend of the Roman Empire, its capital, where passions boiled and the fate of many states were decided, is located on seven hills. Rome stretches on both sides of the well-known Tiber River. The climate in the capital is Mediterranean: in the summer it is quite hot, the temperature sometimes exceeds +40 degrees Celsius, and the winter is mild and mostly rainy.

Santa Maria Maggiore

On the territory of modern Rome, in addition to the sights, ancient ruins, the stones of which still remember the voices of Caesar, Nero and other emperors, there is a state within a state, the name of which every Catholic knows - Vatican. Even the most experienced guides conducting excursions around the “eternal city” often spend a long time developing a route, because it can be very difficult to understand what exactly a guest of the capital would like to show.

In Rome, literally everything evokes genuine delight, even among travelers who come to this city more than once. Here, literally at every step, you can come across a unique attraction of its kind, the age of which is estimated to be centuries old. The Roman Forum or the grandeur, wealth and luxury of the Vatican, or perhaps the dome of St. Peter, in the image of which the dome of the Capitol in Washington was built, Piazza Navona or the Altar of the Fatherland - all this will certainly leave an indelible impression on any guest of the capital of Italy.

Trajan's Market

A little history

We can talk about the ups and downs, the destruction and rebirth of Rome for an infinitely long time. And how is it possible, even in three to five materials, to reflect at least some part of the history of not only the city, but also the entire huge empire in its time, the fate of which has always been inextricably linked with the capital. The only thing I would like to point out is that in the 19th century, great Rome was nevertheless conquered by the most talented strategist and conqueror Napoleon.

It was he who decided to expel the Pope and “placed his newborn son on the throne.” However, already in 1870, the Italians regained Rome and once again proclaimed it the capital, although now not an empire, but a kingdom. It is also worth paying special attention to the fact that it was on the capital of Italy that the fascists first marched; this event took place in 1922. Soon after, the fascist plague spread throughout the world.

Arch of Titus

Fortunately, the monument city escaped massive bombing and almost all the sights remained safe and sound. It is unlikely that the allies of the USSR would have decided to bomb the city in which the Vatican is located, which is the main spiritual center for all Catholics in the world. Although there were fears that the Germans, who occupied Rome in 1943, would decide to destroy all historical and architectural monuments and simply plunder the “eternal city.” Fortunately, the tragedy did not occur; even the greatest tyrant and despot of all times, Adolf Hitler, did not dare to be remembered as the destroyer of the “eternal city.” Already in 1944, Rome again became free and independent, now from fascism and the power of Benito Mussolini, who, by the way, suffered from a mental disorder and wanted to destroy all the buildings in the capital in order to build a “new city.”

August Palace

Modern Rome

As mentioned above, Rome is currently considered the most visited city by tourists. However, the population of the country's capital, which resembles a woman's boot with an elegant heel on a world map, cannot be called large by today's standards. About three million people permanently live in the city. However, this figure does not include the number of people who come to Rome to work, and, by the way, there are quite a lot of them.

If a tourist comes to the capital of Italy and does not want to take advantage of the offers travel agencies, but develops tourist route independently, he should definitely first visit the Colosseum, Pantheon, Roman Forum, Piazza del Popolo, St. Peter's Basilica. Naturally, this is only a hundredth part of those attractions that will forever remain in memory. To learn more about Rome and find the places you would like to visit immediately after arrival, you need to familiarize yourself with the tourist brochures available in almost every hotel or read about the city’s attractions on the World Wide Web.

Roman Colosseum

When going to Rome, you should not expect that on your first trip you will see all the most interesting and mysterious places in the ancient city. Rome probably resembles Paris in some ways. At least because in order to truly know this city, you need to be born and die in it. It is difficult to even imagine how much time it might take to visit even a small part of the sights of Rome, because there are more than 900 churches in it alone.