Topkapi Palace in Istanbul is a stone witness to the history of the Ottomans. Topkapi Palace in Istanbul (Topkapı Sarayı) Topkapi Palace

Topkapi Palace in Istanbul is one of the most colorful attractions. Here Selim the Drunkard drowned in a bathhouse, Ibrahim the Mad went crazy, Suleiman the Magnificent shone and the famous Roksolana weaved intrigues.

The museum contains priceless treasures of the sultans, the cloak of the Prophet Muhammad and even one Christian shrine - the right hand of John the Baptist. There are also beautiful mosaics and stained glass windows, gardens and flower beds, fountains and gorgeous views of the Bosphorus.

Whole 400 years Topkapi Palace served as the main residence of the sultans. As many as 25 sultans of the Ottoman Empire lived in this magnificent place!

The palace complex was built in the middle of the 15th century on the site of the Byzantine Acropolis by order of Mehmed the Second (the Conqueror). At first, the Sultan himself lived in the palace, arranging official receptions and meetings here. But already in the middle of the 16th century Sultan Suleiman I, at the request of Roksolana, built a harem of the Topkapi Palace on the territory, where his wives and children settled.

"Topkapi" is translated as "cannon gate". A cannon shot was fired whenever the Sultan left or returned to his residence.

The area of ​​the palace complex is 700,000 sq.m. At one time, a shelter, a treasury, an armory, and something like the Turkish government could easily fit here. Well, and of course, stables, bakeries, terraces with fountains and luxurious gardens... History says that all this luxury was served by about five thousand servants!

Visually, the territory of the palace is divided into four courtyards - each with its own gate. The first and second courtyards belonged to the outer part, the third and fourth - to the inner.

IN First yard one can enter through the main Gate of the Lord, decorated with marble and verses from the Koran. Now there is an Archaeological Museum, the old Mint, the Church of St. Irene and many picturesque fountains, gardens and pavilions. The ticket office for entering the museum is also located here.

In Second yard enter through the giant Gate of Greetings. The yard is beautiful park with a harem, bakery, stables and palace hospital around the perimeter. Here the Sultan received guests and “communicated with the people.”

Login Third courtyard(the heart of the imperial palace) opens through the Gate of Happiness (Gate of the White Eunuchs or Gate of Bliss). Lush gardens, a throne room, a library, a treasury and a harem - what else is needed for the working days of a sultan?

Well and Fourth yard with several terraces and pavilions, it was once considered the personal territory of the Sultan.

In 1923 By order of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Topkapi Palace was declared a museum. Now here are unique collections of household items of the Sultan and, of course, the richest Sultan’s treasury!

2. Useful information

2.1. Where is

In the center of old Istanbul in the Sultanahmet area on the shores of the Bosphorus Strait, a 15-minute walk from and.

The entrance to the palace is easy to find by following the signs:

Location on the map:

2.2. How to get there

• Book an excursion

A tour is a great way to visit Topkapi Palace. And the transfer will be included in the price, and the guide will tell you a lot of new and interesting things. The excursion can be booked either at your hotel or online. By the way, many sightseeing tours of Istanbul include visits to Topkapi Palace:

• Light Rail

Take the T1 high-speed tram to the Sultanahmet stop. If you stand with your back to the tram tracks, getting out of the car, you will see the Blue Mosque on your right and the palace on your left.

• On foot

The museum can be easily reached on foot from Aksaray, Laleli, and Gulhane.

Opposite the archaeological museum is another sign towards Topkapi Palace:

• Taxi

Traditionally, taxis are the most convenient, but also the most expensive form of transport in Turkey. You can simply catch a taxi on the street, you can order it at the hotel, or you can order it in advance private transfer.

2.3. Visiting time

The museum is open to tourists from 09.00 to 17.00(from November to mid-April) and from 09.00 to 19.00(from mid-April to late October).

2.4. Price

Box office with tickets to the palace. Entrance price to the territory – 60 liras, to the harem - 35 liras, both included - 95 lire:

You can also buy a ticket in advance. This ticket includes transfer from the hotel and will avoid queues.

Not all lounges are open daily. Next to the ticket office there is a sign indicating the pavilions available for visiting:

It operates at Topkapi Palace. So if it is available, there is no need to stand in line:

3. Photo walk around the palace

The ticket office and entrance to the palace are located in different places. Here you can see the entrance with turrets, but first we go to the right to the ticket office (that’s where the crowd comes from) to buy a ticket:

Main Gate (“Welcome Gate”):

Above the entrance there is something in Arabic:

We enter the territory. In the center there are green lawns, along the perimeter there are rooms with halls and exhibitions:

Palace grounds:

Typical tour group:

The territory is very pleasant - once upon a time the sultans lived here with their retinue:

There is greenery everywhere, monuments and monuments at every step:

The walls are decorated amazingly:

You can rent an audio guide for 20 liras:

Conference hall:

This room used to look something like this:

We enter the pavilion with a unique collection of watches. It’s a pity that photography is prohibited in many places of the palace:

I took a photo secretly behind the guard's back. The watches in the collection are very different: from miniature wristwatches to floor-standing giants with complex mechanisms. The watch collection is one of the best displays in the entire palace:

The palace has a separate room with portraits of all the reigning sultans:

Entrance to the treasury of the Ottoman sultans. Unfortunately, photography indoors is also prohibited:

What's not there! An amazing collection of jewelry: emeralds, rubies, pearls, jade, diamonds, gold and silver... There is also the throne of Sultan Murat IV made of expensive ebony with inlays. And an Indian music box made of pure gold. And the famous Topkapi dagger: with a golden handle, a bunch of diamonds and three giant emeralds. And even a valuable gift from the Russian Tsar Nicholas I (a stunningly beautiful order with precious stones).

The treasury also contains the Kashikchi Diamond or the Spoonman’s Diamond (an 86-carat diamond surrounded by 49 diamonds). According to legend, a poor man found it in a heap of garbage and, without thinking twice, exchanged it for three wooden spoons.

The palace offers stunning views of the Bosphorus. Ideal point for photography:

There are many cafes on the territory:

The place is popular, there are a lot of tourists, so the prices are much higher than average:

But you can drink coffee and enjoy the gorgeous views:

A huge plane tree that is more than 700 years old:

General scheme all buildings of the palace. The first courtyard, where tourists enter immediately after the turnstiles, is highlighted in different colors. Already from the diagram it is clear how large an area it occupies palace complex:

On the side of the strait there is a neat garden with roses:

A lot of rooms on the territory are allocated for kitchens. The photo shows a diagram of these rooms. The arrows in the diagram indicate the recommended workaround:

Arrow towards the kitchen:

Unfortunately, photography is prohibited inside the premises. Kitchen utensils from different eras are displayed there, from giant cooking vats to elegant cutlery. The vats are really gigantic; you could probably boil a whole bull in there. There are a lot of dishes made of pure gold: spoons, tureens, dishes.

Farthest courtyard with benches:

View of the Bosphorus and Istanbul. On right - :

This building was closed:

Opposite it is a nice pond with water lilies:

Another room of the palace:

At this point in the palace the moon appears earlier than in the rest of the territory. Therefore, it was here that the Sultan ordered the construction of a special gazebo for meals during Ramadan (when eating is allowed only after sunset). While mere mortals are patiently waiting for sunset, the Sultan can already begin dinner:

Description of the gazebo:

Small copy of Topkapi Palace:

Have you noticed that there are not many tourists in the first photos? This is because it was early in the morning. Here's what's happening around lunchtime:

So it’s better to come early, otherwise you’ll have to wander around the palace in such a crowd.

4. Conclusions

The Sultan's Palace is a very beautiful and colorful place that is definitely worth a visit! Beautiful territory, gorgeous views, interesting buildings, rich expositions... Somewhat reminiscent of . But we liked the option in Turkey no less.

I was especially impressed by the treasury of the sultans and the hall with a unique collection of unusual watches of gigantic size. The treasury contains simply incredible exhibits of stunning beauty!

We spent about two hours exploring the entire palace. At the same time, we only looked at the palace itself; we did not go to the territory of the Harem.

We came to the museum at 9.45 am– and there were relatively few people. But by midday, an impressive crowd had already gathered near the ticket office. By the way, Topkapi Palace is that rare case when exploring the museum with a guide is more interesting than without one. You can at least take a guidebook to read the history of the different rooms - it’s much more interesting than just wandering around the territory.

5. Video

We filmed in the palace short video. You can view it here:

Have you already been to Topkapi Palace? What impressed you the most? Have you watched the series “The Magnificent Century”? Does it convey the atmosphere of Topkapi Palace or is the real picture and the image on the screen very different? I haven’t watched the series, but after visiting Topkapi I wanted to watch it, would you recommend it or not?

By the way, if you are just going to Istanbul, but have not yet chosen a hotel, then I advise you to look on the hotellook search engine website (there you can find the best deals from 40 booking systems) or choose one of these inexpensive hotels With good rating: out of 5)

Topkapi Palace in Istanbul: excursions in Russian, ticket price 2020

Another of the key attractions of Constantinople, and there really are a lot of them, is the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul. In this article, we will be happy to tell you its centuries-old history and share various practical information. For example, we’ll tell you about excursions to Topkapi, their prices and schedules, and if you want to visit the palace on your own, then about the cost of entrance tickets, as well as where you can buy them cheaply in advance, so as not to wait in a potentially impressive line! Make yourself comfortable and let's begin. 😉

History of Topkapi Palace

Topkapi Palace in Istanbul is the former residence of 25 sultans of the Ottoman Empire, who ruled the country from here for 400 years, from 1465 to 1853. Currently a popular attraction.

Construction of the palace began on the orders of Mehmed the Conqueror and was formally completed in 1479, although in fact construction continued for a long time, and the number of extensions to the palace grew and grew. total area The palace's territory ultimately amounted to 700,000 square meters.

The palace consists of several buildings with four courtyards connected by gates. The main entrance is considered to be the Imperial Gate, located on the side. The first courtyard includes the 18th-century imperial mint, the Church of St. Irene, with its armory located in its building, and the weeping fountain. Opposite the Imperial Gate is the Gate of Salutation, leading to the second courtyard and palace. From the Gate of Greetings one can go to the Gate of Happiness, through which visitors to the palace enter the third courtyard, which houses the harem, the inner chambers, the Audience Hall, the library of Sultan Ahmed III and the Palace school, where government officials were trained. Then you can go to the fourth courtyard, which is the personal garden of the Turkish Sultan, where the Bashlala Tower, the Sofa Mosque, the circumcision room and the room of the main palace physician are also located. From here you can enjoy beautiful views of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn.

In 1854, Sultan Abdulmecid I changed his residence to a new one, just built. Well, since 1923, Topkapi Palace, by order of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, has opened its doors as a museum. The number of exhibits presented to the public is 65,000 units, and this is only a tenth of the museum’s collection.

Opening hours, entrance fee, Topkapi official website

Opening hours: from 9:00 to 17:00 from November 1 to April 15; from 9:00 to 19:00 from April 16 to October 31. The day off at the palace is Tuesday.
Cost of admission in 2020: the palace itself is 72TL (Turkish lira), the harem in the palace is 42TL. Read below on how to book tickets online to avoid standing in lines at the ticket office.
Official website of Topkapi: https://topkapisarayi.gov.tr/en

Topkapi Palace on the map of Istanbul

How to get to Topkapi Palace on your own

The palace is located in historical center Istanbul - Sultanahmet district. If you have rented a hotel nearby, which in the case of a short-term trip will be the most optimal solution - you will not have to spend additional money on travel to the main attractions, then the easiest way to get to the palace will be on foot. By the way, look for a selection of inexpensive but high-quality hotels near Topkapi Palace in our article -. Well, to get to Sultanahmet from other parts of the city, you will need to take the tram to the Gülhane Parkı stop, from where the palace is a stone's throw straight through the park of the same name.

If you don’t want to deal with city logistics during your vacation, you can always take sightseeing tour around the city, including a visit to Topkapi Palace. This is very convenient and allows you to significantly save time.

Excursions to Topkapi Palace in Russian - prices 2020, where to buy

You can visit Topkapi Palace on your own by purchasing tickets online or at the box office, or as part of one of the excursions. The easiest way to book excursions to Topkapi Palace in Russian is to use the services of a popular travel service. All excursions that you will find there are conducted by Russian-speaking guides for small groups of tourists, which is very convenient.

TOP 3 excursions to Topkapi Palace

• 1 place —

  One of the main attractions that tourists will see during this sightseeing tour of Istanbul will be Topkani Palace. With the help of a Russian guide, it is easy to find out how and how the rulers of the Ottoman Empire lived. The chronicle of the palace contains 400-year-old chronicles, which mention the names of 25 sultans. The guide will tell you only about the most outstanding ones, and will also invite you to admire the interiors of the palace and its authentic treasures. The program will be complemented by the majestic Sultanahmet Mosque, Hippodrome Square, where the history of Istanbul was born, Hagia Sophia Cathedral - a mute witness to the “golden age” of the Byzantine Empire and the secrets of the Basilica Cistern.

  Cost of the excursion – 140€ for 1-4 people.

• 2nd place —

  While visiting the Topkani Palace, you will find yourself inside the “magnificent century” of the Ottoman Empire. You will walk through the intimate chambers and look at the exquisite interiors of the interior of the palace chambers, and also look into the holy of holies - the harem, to find out what the sultans' concubines dreamed about. Before visiting the Topkani Palace, visit the Hippodrome Square to trace the history of the fall of the Byzantine Empire and learn about the popular entertainment of the inhabitants of Constantinople. And after visiting the palace, you will find out who saved the Hagia Sophia from destruction, why the Blue Mosque became a symbol of the city, what Suleiman the Magnificent became famous for and what is walled up in the minaret of the Sulaymaniyah Mosque.

  Cost of the excursion – 120€ for 1-5 people.

• 3rd place —

  Once in the treasury of the Turkish padishahs - the Topkani Palace - you will find out what made Mehmed II order the construction magnificent palace on the shores of the Sea of ​​Marmara. You will visit the armory, a harem, a hall for storing jewelry, and a library with ancient manuscripts. The guide will help you imagine the events that took place within the walls of the palace throughout its 400-year history. In the exhibition of handicrafts made from precious stones, porcelain, gold and silver, talk about the techniques of creating wondrous masterpieces, and then you will have time to stroll through the wonderful gardens and parks of the palace complex. A sightseeing tour of Istanbul will be complemented by a visit to the Blue Mosque, Hagia Sophia, Hippodrome Square with its Egyptian Obelisk, Serpentine Column and German Fountain.

  Cost of the excursion – 90€ per person.

Other interesting excursions for Istanbul, look in our special article -.

How to buy a ticket to Topkapi Palace online

Almost all the attractions of Istanbul are very busy during the season from May to September, which can be an obstacle for those wishing to short term get around as much as possible more places, due to the permanent presence of queues at the box office. The situation can be saved if you buy tickets to Topkapi Palace online yourself. Or buy the Istanbul Welvome Card/Museum Pass, which includes tickets to several places at once - this way you can save a lot of money! So, let's understand the existing proposals. 😉

Topkapi Palace is literally in the thick of all the most interesting things in Istanbul, so once you finish visiting it, you definitely won’t have to think long about where to go next. And we, with your permission, will guide you a little. 🙂

1. If you are tired while visiting the palace, then good place for relaxation afterwards there will be a place where you can sit in a cafe or just take a walk in the shade of the trees.

2. After relaxing in the park, you can head towards Sultanahmet Square, around which the most popular attractions of Istanbul are located. For example, the most famous mosque in the city is. The big plus of Blue Mosque is that visiting it is absolutely free.

The majestic, monumental and luxurious Topkapi Sultan's Palace in Turkey, like a magnet, attracts tourists from all over the world.

Once you go there, you will plunge into a world where twenty-five Turkish sultans once lived and ruled. It is better to set aside a whole day to tour the palace. You won't be able to see everything at once.

Therefore, before you go on an exciting journey through the palace, we advise you to read our article so as not to miss anything.

History of Topkapi Palace in Istanbul

For four decades, the heart of the Ottoman Empire was Top Kapi, Türkiye, the palace (photo of the harem in our article just below) was ordered to be built by Sultan Mehmed. This happened in the 70s of the 15th century, but after that the Sultan’s Topkapi Palace constantly “grew” and changed. Initially, several mosques, a mint, hospitals and a bakery were built.

In the first fifty years, Top Capy was only a working residence. The Sultan's wives lived in a harem outside the Topkapi Palace. The harem on the territory was built only under Sultan Suleiman I. One of his concubines, Roksolana, wanting to be closer to her husband, “pushed” the Sultan to large-scale reconstruction of the palace.

Almost until the end of the 19th century, Turkish sultans lived in the palace. And only Abdulmecid I, in 1854, decided to move to the new Dolmabahce Palace. With the coming to power of Turkey's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, in 1923, Topkapi became a museum, which is now visited by hundreds of tourists every day.

The name Topkapi is translated from Turkish as “cannon gate”. This name for the residence of the sultans was not given by chance. The first thing that all visitors notice is the majestic gate that gives access to the heart of the castle. When the Sultan entered or left the palace, a cannon shot was heard. There are also some in Turkey that are worthy of your attention.

As if Small town in Turkey, Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, a photo that amazes with its wealth and beauty, was equipped with everything necessary for life. It is so huge (its area is more than 170 hectares) that there was everything from mosques and workrooms of the sultans, to hospitals and Janissary barracks.

The population of Istanbul is increasing several times every day, so that the country may soon become a leader in population. Click here and find out where it all started.

You may also be interested in such a landmark as the Sultan Suleiman Palace in Istanbul, about which you can find out in more detail.

The territory is divided into four courtyards. You can also get into each of them through monumental gates. Passing through the main gate, you will see a huge fountain, which was built by order of Padishah Ahmed III in 1728.

Further, through the “Brilliant Gate” you will find yourself in the first courtyard. Here you can see the gendarme headquarters, various living quarters, as well as the ruins of a bakery. You should definitely visit the Istanbul Archaeological Museum and the mint building. There is a church on the territory of the first courtyard.

To get to the second courtyard, you will need to go through another gate called “Bab-i Selam”. There is also a magnificent garden with cypress trees and a tower that once served as a prison for convicted high-ranking persons.

Of particular interest to tourists are the “Palace Kitchens”. Food for the sultans was prepared here, and almost a quarter of the entire palace staff worked here. Today in the kitchen halls you can see a rare collection of porcelain. The oldest exhibits date back to the seventh century, these are dishes from the Tang Dynasty. The most valuable items are made from white porcelain.

The Topkapi Palace in Istanbul houses one of the world's largest collections of weapons. Those who are interested are advised to take a look at the collections of Islamic frescoes and manuscripts.

The exhibition of jewelry and jewelry is truly unique. Golden candlesticks, hookahs, luxurious ivory boxes, as well as the famous “Kashikchi Diamond” are just a small part of what you can see in the inner treasury complex.

It wouldn’t hurt to take a look at the collection of the Sultan’s caftans. The clothes and silk prayer rugs are truly works of art.

Harem deserves special attention. The high wall with which it is surrounded used to hide the concubines from the views of strangers. There was everything for a comfortable life for the Sultan's wives: two mosques, Turkish baths, kitchens and even a swimming pool. Visitors will be able to see collections of luxurious jewelry and clothing, and stroll near the fountains. Istanbul amazes with its numerous magnificent... I would like to see all the sights, this will help you.

We have collected the most interesting and significant places in Topkapi Palace, photos of all the rooms of the Istanbul Palace can be found in our selection.

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Daria Nessel| Jul 24, 2017

Topkapi Palace in Istanbul was the residence of the sultans of the Ottoman Empire for more than four hundred years. The whole life of a huge country was concentrated here, important decisions were made, ambassadors from different countries. This residence was the place of work and residence of the Sultan himself. Therefore, the Topkapi building complex spreads over a huge area.

It includes everything you need - residential and outbuildings, baths, fountains, pantries, food preparation facilities, etc.

An important place among all these palace buildings is occupied by the Sultan's harem; up to 1000 female concubines and wives of the ruler of the empire lived in it. Topkapi Palace in Istanbul has been operating as a museum since 1924 and is open to any visitor.

Cat in the Harem.

Photo by Rachel Mackay

Topkapi Palace - history of construction

The name Topkapi itself translates as “Cannon Gate”. It is not accidental, since at each entry and exit of the Sultan a cannon shot was fired. The residence had other names - “palace of tears” or “palace of crying”.

Construction of the palace did not begin immediately. Mehmed the Conqueror, who captured Constantinople, initially settled on the site where Bayezid Square is located, and on the site where the construction of Topkapi began in the future, the Sultan's harem was originally located.

The place itself was once occupied under the Byzantine Empire. imperial palace, but by the time Topkapi was built, nothing remained of it except the Church of St. Irina, one of oldest buildings in the Stambul. As the palace expanded, the church found itself inside Topkapi. The history of construction can be divided into four stages:

• 1470s, construction of the first buildings, which became the working residence of Mehmed the Conqueror and the rulers who followed him;
• in the 16th century, the Topkapi Palace underwent major reconstruction in connection with the transfer of the Sultan's harem here;
• Sultan Abdul-Mejdit I moved to another residence in 1854;
• Since 1924, Topkapi Palace has operated as a museum.

The most important events in the history of the palace took place under Suleiman the Magnificent and they are connected with the name of his wife named Hurrem or Roksolana. It was she who insisted that the harem be moved as close as possible to the master’s chambers.

Photo by Rubén Hoya

Hurrem in Topkapi Palace: legends and facts

One of the most legendary personalities associated with the palace is the concubine who became the wife of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. According to one version, this girl was captured by the Crimean Tatars in one of the Ukrainian villages. Then she was sold into slavery, and then presented to the future ruler.

It is believed that her real name was Anastasia Lisovskaya, in the West she was nicknamed Roksolana, and in the Sultan’s harem, for her cheerful disposition, she was given the name Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska (cheerful). Naturally intelligent, quick-witted and resourceful, Khyurrem managed to win the special favor of the ruler in the harem in the confrontation with his main wife Makhidevran.

Courtyard in the harem.

Photo nodog please

There was a strict hierarchy in the harem, and it was not easy to get to the top. The first stage is the odalisques, who might never become the Sultan's concubines. Next came the gözde, who spent several nights with the ruler. From among them, favorites were chosen - iqbal. Usually there were 10 - 15 of them. He periodically slept with each of them. If Iqbal gave birth to a son, she ascended to the highest level and became the main favorite.

The beautiful and charming Roksolana went through all these steps, attracted the heart of Suleiman so much that he fell deeply in love with her, sending Mahidervan to a distant province. Over time, Hurrem gained such a position that she received the title Haseki, which placed her even above the Sultan's siblings. Moreover, the Sultan officially married her, and this was contrary to the traditions of the Turkish imperial court. Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska received the official title of wife and after that Suleiman no longer knew any of the women.

In the last years of her life, Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska acquired so much weight that the Sultan perceived her as his chief adviser, and while on campaigns, he received all the information about what was happening at court only from her. She received ambassadors and entered into correspondence with foreign sovereigns. According to one legend, Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska was most likely poisoned by one of the courtiers.

Haseki gave birth to Suleiman many sons, among whom was his father’s heir, Sultan Selim II. Hurrem's chambers in Topkapi Palace are one of the most visited places inside the residence.

Description of Topkapi Palace

Topkapi Palace is located on a cape, which is washed on both sides by the Sea of ​​Marmara. In plan, it is an irregularly shaped rectangle, divided into four parts; the harem is especially highlighted, like another part inside the fourth.

All structures are surrounded by a wall of two levels: external and internal. Visitors are allowed into the palace museum, but not everything is accessible to them, although they can go through the main premises completely.

First courtyard of Topkapi Palace

The journey to Topkapi Palace begins with the main gate, through which the sultans entered and left. Nowadays, any tourist enters it and ends up in the first courtyard, where the city’s oldest church in honor of St. Irene is located, as well as a mint and a fountain.

Babı Hümayun / Imperial Gate

The steel door, built in 1524, is the work of Isa bin Mehmed. On the side facing the first courtyard are inscribed Kelime-iTevhid (statements of Islamic faith), the signature of Mahmud II, the main provisions on reparations dated 1758, and the signature of Mustafa III.

On the side facing the second courtyard are 18th-century Rococo arches. The premises on either side of the gate, which were previously used by security guards, no longer exist.

Only the Sultan was allowed to ride through the Gate of Salutation, which leads directly into the central part of the palace. They currently serve as the main entrance to the Topkapi Museum for visitors.

The first building of the State Council was a wooden structure, erected by order of Mehmed II (the Conqueror) (1451-1481). The modern arched structure arose as a result of reconstruction carried out in 1527-1529. (during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent) according to the design of the chief architect Alaeddin, as well as after a series of further successful renovations.

The walls inside the room were covered with marble in the 16th century. Beautiful ornaments, arched porches and massive marble columns were also erected in the 16th century. The final touch that gave the council building its modern look, began the reconstruction carried out in 1972, during the reign of Selim III.

The arched galleries were fenced with gilded screens and doors with the addition of bas-reliefs in the Rococo style. As a result of the reconstruction of the building in 1819 (under the reign of Mahmud II), two poetic inscriptions were engraved on its facade. One of them belongs to Selim III, and the second to Mahmud II. And on the wall of the arch leading to the office of the State Council employees (Divan-iHümâyûn), the monograms of Mustafa III are inscribed.

The State Council building, also known as Kubbeatlı (Dîvan-iHümâyûn), consists of three departments, namely: the council hall, where important affairs of the state were discussed, the office of employees, where the decisions adopted in the council hall were recorded, and the registry, from where documents and records of resolutions were sent to the archives.

Meetings of the State Council were held 4 times a week. Members of the council (approved by the Sultan as the highest authority), called Grand Viziers, Viziers of Kubbeatla and the Highest Military Judges of Anatolia and Rumelia (European and Ottoman Empire), were supposed to deal with state affairs, make decisions and announce verdicts in court cases. Sheikh ul-Islam (Şeyhülislam), the Ottoman Empire's highest official on matters of the Muslim faith, took part in some of the most important meetings after receiving an invitation from the Council.

The remaining employees were: the employee responsible for attaching the Sultan's monogram to decrees and other official documents (nişancı); treasurer (defterdar); Head of Employees and Minister of Foreign Affairs (Reis-ülKüttab); writers of official communications, permits, licenses and certificates (tezkereciler) and clerks (kâtipler).

At these meetings, government, political, administrative, financial and daily issues were discussed, and important public affairs were considered. The State Council of Ministers was also the place where the Grand Viziers received foreign ambassadors, and where the marriage ceremonies of the Sultan's daughters with their chosen ones took place.

The rulers of the Ottoman Empire were not present at the meetings in the Hall of the State Council of Ministers (Kubbeatli). They spent most of their time watching the council meeting from a private room in the Tower of Justice, overlooking the Council Chamber. When the Sultan did not agree with the council's decision on any issue, he closed the window, thus signaling to the ministers the need to interrupt the meeting. In this case, the Grand Vizier and the rest of the ministers had to proceed to the Audience Hall to continue discussing the issue, but in the presence of the Sultan.

The hall of the State Council of Viziers (Kubbeatly) has several features that ensure the administration of justice in the state. In fact, the interior of the Council Chamber can be easily seen from the outside through the gilded grilles. This openness of the premises meant that all decisions of the Council were not confidential and were in the public domain. On the other hand, the fact that the ruler watched the meetings of the Council from his window was proof that although he delegated his powers to the ministers who sat on the Council, he was confident that injustice would not harm the citizens of the Empire in any way.

Tower of Justice

The name "zülüflü" ("braided") refers to the braids that hang from each side of their cone-shaped headdresses. Their raised collars and braids prevented them from observing what was happening in the Harem while performing their duties, such as fetching wood for the fireplace. Their commander-in-chief was the Guards Chamberlain.

In accordance with their assigned duties, they had corresponding titles: Chief of the Guard, Guardian of the Council Chamber, Store Provider, Captain of the Guard, Manufacturer of Dried Fruits and Nuts, Plumber-Builder and Runner.

Private stables / Sultan's stables

The Desserts and Sweets Room (Helvahane), built during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, is divided into four sections. To the right of the entrance and fountain is an inscription dated 1767. This fountain and the inscription Kelime-iTevhid (Muslim Declaration of Faith in the Unity of God) on the door were created during restoration work carried out in 1574. The passage between the Dessert and Sweets Room (Helvahane) and the Sherbet and Jam Room (Şerbethane/reçelhane) is on the short side of the palace. Over the gate of this passage, during the reconstruction work, an inscription was engraved with the name of Mehmed Agha and the date 1699.

The doors are made in the kündekâri style, i.e. made of wood, decorated with carvings with geometric elements. In the 18th century, a mosque for cooks was built. The wooden thresholds and other wooden structures were destroyed during reconstruction in 1920.

Under the aforementioned Devşirm system, which existed from the first half of the 15th century until the end of the 17th century, the Ottoman Sultans created a class of loyal servants trained in the fundamental principles of the Muslim religion and Turkish culture. Some of the employees recruited in this way were educated in the palace, while others trained in the army. Ultimately, young people who received such an education were appointed to high-ranking positions in the government apparatus. From the 18th century, these high positions began to be awarded only to native Turks.

During the initial phase, young people were assigned as apprentices to a Turkish family, where they were taught the Turkish language, traditions and other features of Turkish society. At the end of this entire period they were sent to preparatory schools. The most gifted of them were distributed into classes at the Enderun school. Here, students studied in the following rooms: in the Big and Small rooms, corresponding to the dormitory of the expeditionary forces, in the storeroom, in the treasury and in the premises of the Secret Chambers. Students who mastered the symbolic tasks about the functionality of each room subsequently had the opportunity to climb the government career ladder directly to the post of Grand Vizier (Greatest Minister of Defense of the State Seal of the Sultan).

The Enderun Courtyard is designed in such a way that the ruler's personal chambers always rise above the other buildings of the palace. The premises used by the Sultan were called the Conqueror's Kiosk (FatihKöşkü), the Secret Chamber and the Pool Pavilion. These rooms were located centrally in the inner part of the courtyard, while the rooms used by the students of the Enderun School were located on its outer borders. These rooms, opening onto a courtyard through their verandas, had such interior features as a small hall surrounded by dormitory rooms, a glass room and a bathhouse (hammam).

The Enderun chambers were arranged in a hierarchical order according to the level of the training classes. The premises of the Small and Large rooms were located on both sides of the Gate of Happiness (Bâb-üsSaade). And the chambers of the expeditionary forces (SeferliKoğuşu), erected in the 17th century after the demolition of the hammam of Sultan Selim II, were premises for the lower rank students of the Enderun school. The remaining rooms belonged to the pantry, treasury and Secret Chambers. Also in this direction is the Ağalar Camii Mosque. In the middle of the Enderun courtyard was the Pool Pavilion, which was destroyed in the 18th century and replaced by the Enderun Library (Ahmed III Library).

The establishment of a new army in 1826 after the abolition of the Janissary corps was also the reason for the creation new system education. After this year, the school and the Enderun Institute began to gradually lose their importance.

Bâbü"s-saade (Gate of Happiness)

The Gate of Happiness or the Gate of Bliss (Bâbü’s-saâde or Bab-üsSaâdet) is the entrance to the palace courtyard (Enderûn), also known as the third courtyard, and separates the outer part of the palace (Birûn) from the inner one.

The third courtyard contains the palace's private and residential buildings, including the Enderyun School. The Sultan used these gates, which personified his power, as well as Divan Square only on special occasions, such as the enthronement ceremony (cülûs) and religious holidays (ArifeDivanı and BayramlaşmaTöreni). These days of religious and festival holidays The Sultan sat on his throne in front of the gates, while officials and officials paid him their respects.

The gate represents the presence of the ruler in the palace. No one could pass through them without the permission of the overlord. Even the Grand Vizier was granted such permission only on certain days and in special cases. The Gate of Bliss, which is the main door to the ruler’s personal chambers, always remained locked. And uncoordinated penetration through them was regarded as a strict violation of the law and a challenge to the authority of the Sultan.

The gate was under the control of the Chief Eunuch of the Harem (nicknamed Bâbü’s-saâdeAğası), as well as under the control of his subordinates. The gate was erected during the original construction of Topkapi Palace in the 15th century as a colonnaded passage with a dome supported by marble columns. They are made in the Rococo style and have decorations dating back to the era of the reign of Abdul Hamid I and Selim III (1789-1807).

The wooden dome, resting on four marble columns, is a reflection of the Turkish Baroque style. It was erected during the reign of Abdul Hamid I (1775). And the simple decorations of the ceiling and cornices, the flags on the dome and its rim were made in the Empire style during the reign of Mahmud II (1808-1839).

On the stone of the front façade are engraved: the inscription “In the name of our Lord, the Gracious and the Merciful,” the monogram of Mahmud II, written by his own hand. The monograms of Abdul Hamid were inscribed on the side facades. And on the rear façade there are inscriptions with the names of some rulers of the Ottoman Empire. These records also contain mention of reconstructions carried out over this gate.

On the opposite side of the gate were the quarters of the Chief Harem Eunuch (Bâbü’s-saâdeAğası) and the White Eunuchs (Akağalar), who were responsible for the third courtyard. The entrance to these rooms was through an arched passage (dating from the 16th century) from Divan Square.

ArzOdası (Audience Hall or Throne Room)

The monogram engraved on the marble on both sides of the door and belonging to Sultan Abdülmecid was, of course, added during the restoration. The walls were covered in the 19th century with ceramic panels dating from the 16th century. Fountain with right side from the entrance was installed by decree of Suleiman the Magnificent. Above the entrance, which was used by the rulers, there is a monogram of Mustafa III (1757-1774), containing notes on the reconstruction. This hall also has an epigraph of Mahmud II engraved above the aforementioned Pişkeş (for bringing in gifts) entrance.

Sultan Ahmed III Library/Enderun Library

The interior of the Sultan Ahmed III Library is decorated with Iznik ceramics from the 16th century. The ceramics were brought to Topkapi Palace from other imperial palaces and mansions in Istanbul. The domes and vaults of the library are decorated with floral motifs made of malakâri decorative plaster - a technique that personifies the era of tulips. Door and window shutters are made of ivory, decorated with classic geometric patterns. The window and door frames are covered with 17th century tiles. The ceilings are decorated with stone geometric shapes, the same as in the Pavilions of Baghdad and Yerevan. Between the windows are bookcases with silver trim.

The library's book collection consists of books from the personal collection of Ahmed III, as well as books that belonged to Abdul Hamid I and Selim III. These books were placed in the Palace Library building in 1965.

Expeditionary Force Dormitory

The Expeditionary Forces Dormitory (SeferliKoğuşu) was built in 1635 by order of Murad IV (1623-1640) on the territory freed up after the demolition of the hammam (HünkârHamamı). On the territory of the old dormitory of the expeditionary forces there was a fountain opposite the hammam, baths, a small mosque and the dormitory building itself.

The building was demolished and rebuilt by order of Ahmed III in 1719 due to the construction of the Enderun Library. During the same period, passages with columns belonging to the destroyed Pool Pavilion were added to the front of the building.

The structure of the building, supported by seven columns, is perfectly preserved to this day. The cylindrical vaults of the main hall of the expeditionary forces dormitory, consisting of two halls connected to each other, are supported by arches and columns. The small hall, belonging to the sea front, has a wooden ceiling. The epigraph engraved above the entrance contains the monogram of Sultan Mahmud II (1808-1839), who ordered the reconstruction of the premises.

Shirvan, glass boxes and wooden beds were removed from the halls during the reconstruction carried out in 1916. The inscription above the main entrance to the premises contains the name of the ruler Mehmed Resad V, who initiated all these reconstructions and changes in the year of the Hijri (1916 according to the Gregorian calendar).

The epigraph reads: “This building, being the dormitory of the Enderun Expeditionary Force, has been restored and converted into the Imperial Treasury in accordance with the sovereign order and highest instructions of the Emir of the Faithful, His Majesty Sultan Mehmed Resad Khan.”

After several restoration works, the collection of the Sultan’s wardrobe (PadişahElbiseleriKoleksiyonu) with valuable samples of costumes, numbering about 2,500 pieces, as well as numerous and expensive kaftans of the Sultans, was placed in the chamber.

Pavilion of Sultan Mehmed II (the Conqueror) / Enderun Treasury

The Conqueror's Pavilion, which Mehmed Fatih erected as a house for contemplating the surroundings, was soon converted into a place where the palace treasures were kept. Since the treasury was significantly enriched after the Egyptian expedition of Sultan Selim, the terraces had to be covered with walls in order to protect especially valuable exhibits.

During the reign of Mahmud I (1730-1754), the green porphyry columns located opposite the main entrance were walled up. This created an additional space, nicknamed the Ambassadors' Treasury (ElçiHazinesi).

Thus, main entrance The pavilion and the entire outer façade of the building were hidden by walls, windows and doors. Additionally, a goldsmith's workshop was added to the building in 1766. Its purpose was a complete repair of the most valuable items in the Treasury collection. All these additions were completely removed during subsequent reconstructions of the premises carried out in the 16th century.

Chamber of Treasures

The sultans who ruled Turkey until the second half of the 16th century always sat in this room before their ascension ceremony. They continued to maintain this tradition until the very end of the Empire, and also visited the Pavilion of the Holy Robe every year on the 14th and 15th day of Ramadan as part of an official ceremony.

The Pavilion of the Sacred Robe was maintained and restored by all the Sultans with great care and respect for the sacred relics kept in it. Each ruler at one time attached great importance to maintaining this place in the best condition.

This room has the most original tile design compared to all other Sultan pavilions. The tiles date from the end of the 16th century, and are fully preserved to this day.

Aghalar Mosque

Aghalar Mosque is the largest mosque in the palace. It also has the oldest structure, dating back to the 15th century and built during the reign of Mehmed the Conqueror.

The Sultan, squires and pages came here to pray. The mosque is positioned diagonally across the courtyard to face Mecca. It is located in the Enderun Courtyard next to the Sacred Robe Pavilion on the Golden Horn side. Its main part is covered by a large vault, built in the 18th century. On both sides of the mosque there are two narrow spaces. In the part of the building facing the Pavilion of the Sacred Robe, there is an altar (mihrab). And the part that faces in the opposite direction from the pavilion serves as a prayer place for squires from the army dormitory, for employees of the storeroom and treasury. Three windows at the back of the large part of the room look out onto the Harem, where the Sultans, as well as the wives and mothers of the lord, pray.

The walls of the Aghalar Mosque are covered with 17th-century tiles. The most interesting examples are the tiles covered with Arabic writing containing the signature of Archer Mustafa. This place was provided to high-ranking armorers for prayers.

The most significant reconstruction in the history of this brick and stone building was organized by the architect Mehmed Agha. The epigraph on the inside of the door dates back to 1722 according to the Gregorian calendar and contains the inscription “Es-Seyyid Mehmed Ağa”.

The building was used as a warehouse from 1881 until it was restored in 1916. A new inscription, inscribed in 1928, enshrines the main provisions of the reconstruction of the mosque carried out in 1925.

Books from the library of Ahmed III (Enderun Library) and other palace libraries were transferred to this structure. Thus, all the palace libraries were combined into one called the “New Palace Library”.

Pantry/Food Chamber (KilerliKoğuşu)

The storeroom was built by order of Mehmed Fatih between the Conqueror's Pavilion and the Treasury, in accordance with the plan of the Topkapi Palace. The head of the Food Chamber was also responsible for the kitchen of the imperial court as a whole. The pages of the Food Chamber had to prepare all kinds of dishes for the Sultan, set the table and clear the ruler’s dining table, and also maintain kitchen utensils in proper conditions.

Besides cooking various dishes For the Ottoman ruler, such as marshmallows, syrups, sherbets, fresh and dried fruits, the pages made candles, which were subsequently used in all the pavilions, chambers and mosques of the palace. They also prepared medicines for the patients of Enderun Infirmary. In April, they collected “April rain water” and served it to the Sultan, hoping for its healing properties.

Dormitory of the Chamber of the Sacred Robe / Storage for portraits of Sultans

In the second half of the 19th century, after the columns of the Privy Chamber of the Enderun Court were walled up, the Chamber of the Sacred Robe itself was converted into the Dormitory for Officials named after the Sacred Robe. The columns, dome and stone walls of this building were created during the reign of Mehmed II (1441-1446/1451-1481). Currently, the chamber is used as a storage room for a collection of portraits of the Sultans.

Fourth courtyard of Topkapi Palace

The next gate opens the opportunity to get into the Sultan's garden, where the ruler spent a lot of time; it was his intimate space, since the Sultan could be alone here. In this courtyard is the Sofa Mosque, the room where circumcisions were performed. From here you can enjoy magnificent views of the Golden Horn, Bosphorus and the Sea of ​​Marmara.

On the territory of the fourth courtyard there is a Tulip garden and a terrace called Sofa-iHümâyûn or Marble Terrace. The marble terrace was expanded towards the Golden Horn with the addition of new pavilions in the first half of the 17th century during the reigns of Murad IV (1623-1640) and Ibrahim (1640-1648). The arched structures of the Marble Sofa were erected in 1916.

The Sofa Pavilion, made of wood, was used by the Sultans as a personal pavilion, and Stone Tower(Hekimbaşı Kulesi), used as the home and laboratory of the chief physician of the ruler and located in the Tulip (Lâla) garden, are fully preserved in this moment are in excellent condition.

Tulip Garden

In the Tulip garden there were many different vineyards, fruit trees (including orange and lemon), a huge number of all kinds of flower beds filled with roses, tulips, hyacinths, carnations and jasmine. This garden, overlooking the Sea of ​​Marmara, also houses the Medicine Kiosk, also known as the Pavilion of Sultan Abdülmecid, which was built in 1840 in the Empire style and was the last significant addition to the palace, as well as the Dressing Room (EsvapOdası) and the Sofa Mosque (Sofa Camii).

Tulip Garden is connected to Gulhane Park, currently a public recreation area, and to the Imperial Rose Garden, Mabeyn Gate. This gate was designed by the famous Ottoman architect Sarkis Balyan. He also designed the previously mentioned Medicine Kiosk.

Circumcision Hall

The Hall of Circumcision (SünnetOdası) was built during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. It is located on the most impressive part of the courtyard, overlooking the Galata area of ​​the city. Initially, this place was conceived as a summer pavilion (Yazlık Oda). However, it began to be used as a Hall where the circumcision ceremony of the princes-sons of Ahmed III (1703 -1730) took place (circumcision is a religious Muslim tradition, symbolizing purity and purity).

At the rear, with a single room and a square layout, is a small kitchen. The facade of the building, covered with tiles in shades of blue and white, is the work of the famous 16th century muralist Shah Kullu. The building was rebuilt in 1640 by order of Ibrahim (1640-1648) during the reconstruction of the terrace.

Yerevan Pavilion

The Yerevan Pavilion was built in 1635 by order of Murad IV (1623-1640) as a tribute to the conquest of Yerevan on part of the land freed up by reducing the size of the pond that had existed in the courtyard of Sofa-i Humayun since the reign of Mehmed the Conqueror (1451- 1481). It was designed by the Chief Architect of that period, Koka Kasim Agha. The structure of the pavilion building has the shape of an octagon.

In 1733, during the reign of Mahmud I (1730-1754), some especially valuable copies from the collection of books of the palace library were kept in the offices of the Yerevan pavilion. Late books from the personal collections of Osman III (1754-1757) and Mustafa III (1757-1774) were also included in the collection of the Topkapi Palace Museum Library.

The Yerevan pavilion was also called sarıkodası (Hall of Turbans), since according to some sources sacred relics from the Pavilion of the Sacred Robe were kept here during the traditional cleaning before the ceremony of the Sultans’ ascension to the throne.

Baghdad Pavilion

The Baghdad Pavilion (BağdadKöşkü) is located on the right side of the Marble Terrace. It was erected in 1639 in honor of the conquest of the great Baghdad by Sultan Murad IV (1623 - 1640). The main architect was Koka Kasim Agoi.

All over the façade are inscribed scriptures from the Koran in white CelîSülüs (Arabic style of writing using capital letters only) on a blue background. And above the entrance there is a couplet in Persian.

Books donated by Abdul-Ahmid I (1774-1789) and Selim I (1780-1807) were placed in the pavilion's cabinets, whose wooden doors were decorated with mother-of-pearl, tortoiseshell and ivory. Books from the collection of the Baghdad Pavilion Library were connected to the main library of Topkapi Palace after it began functioning as a museum. A small kitchen at the rear of the building was used to serve coffee to visitors to the pavilion.

Iftariye Pavilion

The gilded Iftariye Pavilion, also known as the Iftariye Kiosk (İftariyeKöşkü), was erected by order of Ibrahim (1640-1648). Due to its location, this pavilion rises above the Topkapi Palace gardens, the Golden Horn and the Galata Tower, giving it a magnificent view of the surrounding area.

Sultans often came here to have dinner and watch the sunset under the roof of this pavilion during the month of Ramadan. In some sources it is called " Lunar place", where the rulers received congratulations from the inhabitants of the Enderun court during the holiday of Bayram (the last day of the month of Ramadan) and watched various sporting events from here.

The Sofa Pavilion was also named the Kara Mustafa Pasha Pavilion or MerdivenbaşıKasrı. It was built during the reign of Mehmed IV (1648-1687). Its design, consisting of two separate parts, was called the Divan Hall (Divanhane) or Sherbet Room (ŞerbetOdası). It received such names thanks to a series of reconstructions carried out during the reigns of Ahmed III (1703-1730) and Mahmud (1730-1754).

The pavilion, from which the sultans watched sporting events, received guests and held conversations, was built by the pages of the Enderun court. Throughout its existence, several reconstruction works were carried out. Currently, it is the first building in history made in the Turkish Rococo style.

Sofa Mosque

Originally, on the site where the Sofa Mosque now stands, there was a Shadow Kiosk or Swordsmen's Kiosk (SilahdarağaKöşkü), built by order of Mehmed the Conqueror at the time when Topkapi Palace was first erected. According to some sources, the Sofa Mosque (Sofa Camii) was built together with a building called Sofa Ocağı during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent.

In 1809, by decree of Mahmud II, the Kiosk of the Swordsmen was destroyed, and in its place the small Sofa Mescit mosque was erected. In 1859, during the reconstruction of the Medicine Pavilion and the Swordsman's Pavilion, by order of Abdul-Mejid, the small Sofa Mosque was destroyed and rebuilt into the Sofa Mosque-Terrace, which has survived to this day. From the epigraph inscribed on it it is clear that the mosque was built so that employees of the Chamber of the Treasury and the Treasury could pray in it.

Medicine Pavilion

The Medicine Pavilion is the most modern building throughout the Topkapi Palace. It was designed by the architect Sarkis Balayan, who also designed the Dolmabahce Palace, by order of Sultan Abdulmecid in 1859. It was originally called the New Kiosk, but was later renamed the Medicine Kiosk.

It was designed in the likeness of the Shadow Kiosk and the Archers' Kiosk, dating from the 15th century. And some parts of the building date back to the Byzantine era. During the period in history when the Sultans lived in the Dolmabahçe and Yıldız palaces, they visited Topkapi Palace only for short periods to participate in the enthronement ceremony (Cülus) or to pay the traditional visit of the Sacred Robe. On these occasions, they usually stayed at the Medicine Pavilion.

The Tower of the Chief Teacher (BaşLalaKulesi), also known as the Pavilion of the Chief Physician of the Sultan (HekimbaşıOdası), was built so that Mehmed II (the Conqueror) could survey the surrounding area from its top.

This building was a kind of palace pharmacy, named after the main palace doctors, ophthalmologists and surgeons, whose number reached 60-70 people. They belonged to the Ottoman state system called “Bîrûn” (as opposed to Enderûn meaning internal, Bîrûn meaning external).

The term Bîrûn was used to designate a group of civil servants who worked not only in the interior of the palace, but also in the exterior, outside the Sultan's private quarters. In addition to the Chief Physician's Chamber, the courtyard also contained two additional pharmacies and five hospitals, one of which was dedicated specifically to the needs of the Harem.

The Sultan, as well as all the inhabitants of the Harem and the Enderun courtyard, were treated by a team of physicians, ophthalmologists and surgeons, under the responsibility of the Chief Physician. The potions and medicines that were prescribed to patients were prepared by medical workers under the leadership of the Chief Physician. These special mixtures were first prepared and then poured into special flasks, vials and bottles.

Abdulhak Molla, who served during the reign of Abdul Mecid (1839-1861), was the last Chief Physician of the Topkapi Palace. After Topkapi ceased to be a place of residence Ottoman Sultans, The Pavilion of the Chief Physician began to be used as a music room, and later as a weapons workshop. At the beginning of the 20th century, the restored building of the Chief Physician's Pavilion was used to store medical and pharmaceutical materials.

The dressing room is a place in the palace where all the clothes and jewelry of the Sultans were kept since the reign of Mehmed Fatih. The task of proper storage of clothing and jewelry in the early period of history rested with the Muslin Master (DülbentAğası). In later periods of history, this function was performed by the Head of the Garment Store (Esvabcıbaşı) and his employees.

Treasures of Topkapi

For many centuries, Turkish sultans collected various rarities and jewelry. They fell into their hands in different ways: as a trophy after successful military campaigns, as gifts from other sovereigns, as confiscated items from the Sultan’s enemies, as a result of purchase or exchange. Over time, a huge number of these things accumulated, which are put on public display in the summer palace of Sultan Mehmed II. The most famous of these things are associated with legends and creepy stories.

• Topkapi dagger. By order of Mahmud I, it was made as a gift to the Shah of Iran. The ambassadors went to the Shah with this gift, but on the way they learned that he had died and returned back. So the dagger ended up in the treasury. From that time on, he began to serve as a weapon for killing the rival brothers of the ruling sultan. More than a dozen were deprived of their lives, and the clock built into the handle showed the time of the murder.
• "Kashikchi", the spoon maker's diamond. A large diamond, which is framed by another 49 small diamonds. According to one legend, one poor man found this stone in a pile of garbage. Not knowing its true value, he exchanged it with the jeweler for three spoons, and the jeweler, seeking favor, presented the diamond to the Sultan. According to another version, a French officer purchased the diamond in India. In France, he sold it, then it was resold more than once until it ended up in the hands of Napoleon’s mother, and she put it up for auction. Grand Vizier Ali Pasha subsequently acquired the diamond. Sultan Mahmud II accused the vizier of treason and took the diamond from him, so it ended up in the treasury.
• There are several thrones on display in the hall. One of them is forged from pure gold and belonged to the Iranian Shah Ismail. The throne was taken from Persia during the campaign as a trophy by Sultan Selim I. Another sandalwood throne, richly inlaid with gold, belonged to Selim III. There is also a “Bairam” throne made of gold here. It was used during the sultans' accession ceremony.
• In addition to jewelry, the main Muslim shrines are kept in Topkapi. Banner of the Prophet Muhammad (length more than 3 m). Sultan Selim I brought it from his successful Egyptian campaign. In addition to the banner, there is the sacred mantle of Muhammad, his two swords and a bow in a golden case. Here is also a letter from the Prophet to the ruler of Mukavkas, a personal seal, beard hair and a footprint on a stone.
• In addition to Muslim shrines, the treasury also contains many Christian relics that came here after the conquest of Constantinople. Fragments of the skull of St. Apostle Peter, hand of St. John the Baptist and numerous arks with particles of the relics of saints. Among the religious relics is Abraham's pewter pan.

Excursions to Topkapi Palace

It will take all day to see everything. This must be taken into account when going to Topkapi. But any such inspection will not be so interesting without the guide’s story. His services can be ordered either by e-mail or in the museum itself. The guide's work is paid separately from the cost of the ticket itself.

• Children under 12 years old are given a 50% discount, and those under 9 years old are completely free.
• The price of the excursion will depend on the number of people in the group, if it is 10 people then about 220 dollars, if 1 or 2 people then 150 dollars.

The duration of the excursion is up to 3 hours. Guides work on all days except one – Tuesday.

The museum is open all week except Tuesday. You also need to know that in government and Religious holidays The museum starts working in the afternoon.

Opening hours of Topkapi Palace

• Winter season: from October 30 to April 15. The Museum, Harem and Church of St. Irene can be visited from 9:00 to 16:45

ATTENTION: ticket kiosks close at 16:00

• Summer season: from April 15 to October 30. The Museum, Harem and Church of St. Irene can be visited from 9:00 to 18:45

ATTENTION: ticket kiosks close at 18:00

Ticket price to Topkapi:

• Children under 12 years old have free admission (with the exception of the harem, children under 6 years old can visit it free of charge).
• Adult ticket - 10 euros (the price does not include a visit to the Harem)
• Entrance ticket to the Harem - 6 euros
• Entrance ticket to the Church of St. Irene - 5 euros

It is worth remembering that it is not enough to buy just one ticket to visit all the places in Topkapi: the entrance to the harem and the church of St. Irina for a fee. It is best to visit the palace in the warm season, since in winter it is not heated, and spending the whole day in the cold exploring the sight is not so comfortable.

Access for people with disabilities

• Admission is free for all disabled people and one accompanying person.
• Some sections and areas of the palace are inaccessible to wheelchair users due to stairs.
• During your visit, if you require a wheelchair, you can contact the information desk at the museum entrance.

Unavailable sections:

• Imperial Council Hall or Domed Chamber
• Portraits of Ottoman Sultans
• Circumcision room, Koka Mustafa Pasha kiosk, Revan kiosk and Baghdad kiosk
• Library of Sultan Ahmet III. or Enderun Library
• Audience Hall

Available sections:

• Weapons and armor
• Courtyard in the palace
• Imperial wardrobe collection
• Treasury Rooms / Fatih Pavilion
• Sacred Relics
• Harem
• Restroom

For guests with disabilities there is a toilet in the palace. This toilet can be found near the second gate (Gate of Welcome) in the right corner in the second courtyard of the palace.

Forbidden:

• Photography is prohibited inside the exhibition halls
• It is prohibited to enter the museum sections with baby strollers. Please remember this rule before purchasing your ticket.
• It is prohibited to enter the department of sacred relics wearing shorts, miniskirts, or T-shirts.
• A permit is required to use a tripod for filming.

Cafes and restaurants:

First yard:

• Restaurant "Karakol" (restaurant)

Second courtyard:

• Cafe BKG Museum (Cafe - Snacks)

Fourth courtyard:

• Restaurant Konyalı

Shops on site

There are several bookstores in Topkapi Palace. They offer wide range manuals, books and art books, as well as art, replicas and goods associated with temporary exhibitions.

Visitors will find a museum guide and souvenirs here.

The museum has three museum shops. One of them is located in the first courtyard of the palace and you don’t need to buy an entrance ticket to get into it; the rest are located in the second and third courtyards of the palace.

How to get to Topkapi Palace

From Ataturk Airport:

From the airport building you can go down to the metro (located directly under the airport). By metro take the M1 line to Aksaray station. Next, get out of the metro and take the tram to the Sultanahmet stop (the tram stop is located immediately when you exit the metro). From the Sultanahmet stop you can walk to Topkapi Palace. You just need to go through the Hagia Sophia Museum and the Hurrem Sultan Baths.

By sea:

The closest port station to Topkapi Palace Museum is called Sirkeci. From Sirkeci Station you go to the Istanbul Municipality building. From there you need to walk to the entrance to Gülhane Park, and then just follow the signs that say “Topkapi Palace Museum”.

Topkapi Palace was the center of a great empire for centuries and is one of the largest palace complexes in the world, housing everything necessary for the life and activities of the Turkish Sultan and his entourage. Treasures collected by the sultans over centuries are concentrated here, and are now on display for all to see.

Topkapi Palace is a magnificent architectural monument of the 15th century. This majestic palace complex was erected on the initiative of Sultan Mehmet in 1479. For several centuries in a row, Topkapi was considered the main residence of rulers Ottoman state. Today, it is a wonderful museum complex that should be seen by everyone who has the opportunity to visit Turkish lands at least once.

The name “Topkapi” translated into Russian means “cannon gate”. This name is justified by a historical fact: whenever the padishah traveled outside his monastery, cannon shots were heard, which were carried throughout the area for several kilometers.

Extremely interesting palace architecture. Topkapi includes 4 equal courtyards, each of which is famous for its unique attractions. The courtyards have a clear division, but they are all united by a high stone wall surrounding them.

First courtyard (Alay Meydanı)

One of the main attractions of the First Court, called by Europeans the “Court of the Janissaries,” is the Church of St. Irene. This is one of the first Christian shrines in Constantinople, which served for a long time as the main abode of the patriarch. The church suffered several times from various disasters (fire and earthquake), but was always restored. Even after the Ottoman conquerors came to these lands, the church building was not deprived of its Orthodox status, which is surprising, because the Turks usually converted Christian churches into mosques. Ottoman warriors used the shrine as an armory for a long time (for 3 centuries). In the mid-19th century, a museum complex of antiquities and weapons was opened here.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the museum exhibition was disbanded, and today the Church of St. Irene (Aya İrini or Aya Irene) is increasingly used as concert venue because of the magnificent, mesmerizing acoustics. At the same time, the building has not lost its charm over the years and continues to attract tourists from all over the world.

Gate of Welcome (Babüsselam)

Of particular interest is the Orta kapa gate (Babüsselam or Gate of Greetings), also located in the First Courtyard. Through them you can get to the Second Palace Courtyard. Historical facts indicate that only the ruler himself had the right to enter on horseback through the arch of this gate, framed by two tower columns. The rest had to walk. Foreign guests of the residence used a different gate to enter. The gatekeepers carefully monitored this. On one side of the gate there was a waiting room in which visitors could wait for days, or even weeks, for an audience with the padishah. On the other side is the room of the executioner, who, by the way, had another position - head gardener. Under the gate, in the dungeon, there were prison cells in which prisoners sentenced to death were kept.

Entrance of the Sultan (Babıhümayun)

It is also interesting to admire the architecture of another gate leading to the First Courtyard. This is the third ceremonial gate, called “Entrance of the Sultan” (Babıhümayun).

Second courtyard (Divan Meydanı)

The second courtyard of Topkapi is known as "Divan Square". This territory was most often used for important receptions and ceremonies of state scale.

Sofa (Divan-ı Hümayun)

In this courtyard there was a “Divan” (Kubbealtı or Divan-ı Hümayun), where high-ranking viziers led by the padishah met several times a week to resolve matters of national importance.

Tower of Justice (Adalet Kasrı)

Above the Divanna rises a tower of magnificent beauty and grandeur, bearing a very bright and succinct name - “Tower of Justice” (Adalet Kasrı), which originally served as an observation post.

Treasury (Dış Hazine)

The main asset of the Second Topkapi Courtyard after the Divanna is, of course, the Treasury (Dış Hazine). Today, a weapons museum complex has been founded in its building, which displays an entire arsenal of weapons from various historical periods, as well as samples of military uniforms and other paraphernalia used for uniforms.

Third Court (Enderun Avlusu)

Third Courtyard (Enderun Avlusu)

Another gate leads into this courtyard with the attractive name “Gate of Bliss.” Another name for them is the audience gate. Having passed through them, the visitor found himself in a huge throne room, above which towered the golden throne of the padishah, decorated with precious stones. The Sultan sat on it. All the rest were traditionally placed directly on the floor, on special pillows. To prevent anyone from hearing what was happening in the hall outside the door, a small but loudly murmuring fountain was built right next to the entrance.

Library of Ahmet the Third (III. Ahmed Kütüphanesi)

The central part of the courtyard is decorated with the library of Sultan Ahmet the Third (III. Ahmed Kütüphanesi). Once upon a time, real treasures of ancient literature were kept here. Today the books are displayed in other museum displays, but the library building is definitely worth a visit to admire the amazing Ottoman architecture. Here you can also see an amazing collection of items from the padishah’s wardrobe. Some of the most expensive exhibits are considered to be the children's caftan of Sultan Selim, as well as the robe of Mehmed the Conqueror, which, according to scientists, is more than 5 centuries old.

Sultan's Treasury (Enderun Hazinesi)

But, of course, the most attractive place for a traveler in the Third Courtyard of Topkapi is the Sultan’s Treasury (Fatih Köşkü or Enderun Hazinesi). The variety of the collection of countless treasures made of gold, silver and gems is amazing! One of the most noticeable and expensive exhibits is the military armor of Mustafa the Third. The chain mail, made of iron, is decorated with a scattering of precious stones and covered with a layer of gilding. The Sultan's shield and sword are inlaid in the same way.

Throne of the Padishah

The throne of Padishah Murat the Fourth is called the real “pearl” of the treasury. It itself is made of rare ebony wood, and precious and semi-precious stones are scattered around its entire perimeter.

Topkapi Dagger

In another room there is another important exhibit - the Topkapi dagger (Topkapı hançeri). It was made by Turkish craftsmen as a gift to the Persian Shah. Many diamonds and several large emeralds adorn this dagger. True, he never reached the addressee. While the gift was on the way, the Shah was killed, so the Topkapi dagger returned to the treasury.

Almaz Kashikchi

The treasury also contains a huge Kaşıkçı elması diamond, the history of which is very interesting. According to legend, a certain poor man discovered this stone in a huge pile of garbage. Of course, the commoner did not know how valuable the gem was, and exchanged it at the market for 3 wooden spoons. Since then, the stone has been called the Spoonman's Diamond.

These are not all the exhibits from the Topkapi treasury. All the splendor of the rooms is difficult to describe in words; you need to see it with your own eyes at least once!

Fourth Courtyard (Dördüncü Avlu)

Fourth Courtyard (Dördüncü Avlu)

This courtyard is an example of harmonious beauty and peace. It was built exclusively for the padishah’s rest and solitude, so it is more reminiscent of a marvelous Garden of Eden. From here you can enjoy magnificent views of the Sea of ​​Marmara, the Bosphorus Strait and the Princes' Islands.

Bagdat Pavilion

On the territory of the courtyard there are many terraces and pavilions, the most notable of which are the Bagdatsky and Revan pavilions, as well as the Sunnet room.

Sunnet Odası

The Sünnet Odası room, as the name implies for those who have at least a superficial understanding of Muslim traditions, was intended for the obligatory circumcision ceremony of the Sultan’s heirs.

Revan Pavilion (Revan Köşkü)

The Baghdad Pavilion (Bağdat Köşkü) and the Revan Pavilion (Revan Köşkü) are magnificent monuments of Ottoman architecture, the appearance of which can be traced to the influence of the Persians. The buildings are light and elegant, but at the same time they look luxurious and monumental. You can look at the exquisite tiles that decorate the walls of the pavilions literally from top to bottom for hours and find more and more new details in them.

Opening hours of the Topkapi Palace Museum and cost of visiting in 2020

You can purchase tickets to Topkapi Palace, which provide skip-the-line entry, a floor plan of the palace and the necessary information from a representative who will guide you through the shortest route

The museum is closed on Tuesdays; also on the first day of Bayram it is open from lunch.

Price entrance ticket 72 Turkish lira.

Entrance to the Harem is open every day except Tuesday and is paid separately - the ticket price is 42 Turkish lira.

For Museum Card holders, admission is free.

Audio guide – 45 liras.

During the winter period from October 2 to April 1: Topkapi Palace Museum, Harem and St. Irene Church are open from 09:00 – 16:45 (ticket sales until 16:00)

During the summer period from April 1st to October 2nd: The Museum, Harem and Church of St. Irene are open from 9:00 – 18:45 (ticket sales until 18:00)

The Church of St. Irene is open to the public from 9:00 to 17:00. The entrance ticket costs 30 Turkish lira. After 16:00 the ticket office is closed.

When visiting religious sites, try to adhere to the established rules in clothing: short shorts and miniskirts, as well as open blouses and strapless tops are not acceptable.

Baby strollers are not allowed into the museum.

There are several restaurants on the museum grounds.

Karakol Restaurant

In the First Courtyard there is the Karakol Restaurant, as well as a small cafe BKG Müze’nin Kahvesi. There is also such a cafe in the Second Courtyard.

Restaurant Konyalı lokantası

In the Fourth Courtyard there is the Konyalı Lokantası restaurant, which offers a magnificent view of the Bosphorus Strait.

How to get to Topkapi Palace:

From Sultanahmet station you need to walk past the front part of the Hagia Sophia Museum (Hagia Sophia), following the signs towards Topkapi Palace.