Description of the weekend tour. Theoretical aspects of weekend tours. We get to know the sights and go shopping
* The calculations use average data for Russia
100,000 ₽
Investments
6 months
Payback
50-100%
Profitability
Organization of equestrian and hiking- a relatively new direction in the field of tourism in our country, which, nevertheless, is assessed by experts as promising and profitable for beginning entrepreneurs.
The main disadvantage of this type of business is its pronounced seasonality. But, on the other hand, such a business, as a rule, “grows” out of a hobby, which allows you to combine business with pleasure. And, besides, it does not require a large start-up capital to start it. So at first it can be combined with work and considered solely as a hobby.
Classification of tourist routes
So, if you are going to make a living by conducting tourist trips in the format of a “weekend tour” or a multi-day trip with a rich program, first of all, you need to decide on the routes. There are several different classifications of tourist routes for different reasons.
thematic routes, in which excursions are provided and, in general, educational orientation predominates;
physical education and recreational activities with mandatory inclusion in the program of sports and physical education and recreational activities (these also include the now fashionable yoga tours);
combined, which combine elements of the above types of routes.
Routes are also divided according to seasonality into year-round, or off-season and seasonal (for a certain time of year - skiing, mountain, water, etc.). According to the structure of the route, routes can be divided into linear with a mandatory visit to one or several points along the way from the point of departure to the destination; radial (stationary) with a visit to one point on the route; circular (crossing tours) with the same starting and ending points of the route and visiting several points along the route.
In addition, experts divide routes by duration into multi-day routes (from two weeks to a month), weekend routes (1-3 days) and excursions (lasting several hours). On the route, you can use your own transport, transport rented from other organizations, or the personal transport of tourists (for example, if we are talking about bicycle trips, then it would be quite expensive to provide each tourist with a bicycle).
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Depending on the type of movement, pedestrians are distinguished tourist routes or walks, the length of which can range from 2 to 50 km, depending on the preparation of the participants; routes with transportation by animals (for example, horses, less often - deer and dogs); railway routes (the least common option now, when travelers live on a train, spend the night in carriages, and visit places of interest during the day); air transport(the most expensive tour option), water routes by boats various types, yachts and other small watercraft, as well as watercraft, including rafts and rowing or motor boats. There are also combined types of transportation using several at once within one tour. various types transport.
It is advisable that your campaign has one goal, clearly and clearly formulated. This could be, for example, hunting or fishing, visiting certain memorable places, recreation in the mountains, etc. One of the promising, although difficult, areas for work is extreme tourism, which involves active modes of transportation (sports games, rock climbing, rafting, underwater tourism, safaris, etc.).
The difficulty lies in increased risks– danger to the health and even life of participants in such a tour. One of the varieties active tours are adventure travel. Such tours are rare in our country, due to the complexity of their organization. These include, for example, visiting various exotic places, often using non-traditional vehicles. Of course, in our country there are many options for adventure tours. Folk tales, tales and legends, local legends, etc. can be taken as a basis for developing a program for such a trip.
Depending on the main purpose of the trip, the following types of tours can be called: a tour for hunting, fishing, trips to nature or to nature reserves to observe animals in natural environment their habitats, photo hunting; tour with visits to military facilities, training grounds, prisons, etc.; disaster site tours; tours for the purpose of searching for various treasures (refer to adventure and entertainment tours).
Ecotourism program
Make a detailed program for it, down to the hourly schedule. Of course, you are unlikely to be able to keep it as accurate as possible, but your participants will have an idea of what they will get in the end. Adequately assess the level of training and capabilities of people. We must strive to ensure that this level is approximately the same for all participants.
In practice, this turns out to be difficult to achieve, especially when it comes to trips with a more general theme (for example, to places of interest or in the case of weekend tours). Among your clients there will be both young active people and older people; more resilient and physically prepared and people not accustomed to increased stress. You need to try to make sure that both are equally interested in participating in your hiking trips.
Ready ideas for your business
Weekend tours, as a rule, are held either in the same area where you live and where you will recruit like-minded clients, or in nearby regions (so that the journey to your destination does not take more than 3-5 hours). “Full-scale” trips are carried out outside a certain region and usually take ten days or more. The latter option requires more serious preparation, as well as good knowledge of the chosen routes and/or a reliable guide.
Groups for participation in tourist trips are recruited in two main ways. In the first case, the purpose of the hike is first determined, and then the search for participants is carried out. You can search for them through travel companies, by placing advertisements in print publications (not the most effective and at the same time quite expensive way), through local websites, forums, groups in social networks (best option). In the second case, one or several groups are first recruited, goals are outlined for each of them, and a schedule of trips is drawn up. This option is suitable if you have several partners - guides who can replace you. In this case, you perform mainly the functions of an organizer.
Ready ideas for your business
Your tour program should include details about the purpose of the trip, route, duration, conditions and, of course, cost. In amateur hikes, as a rule, there is one organizer, and the participants have equal responsibilities. In commercial hikes, the organizer not only takes care of all organizational issues, but also tries to provide the most comfortable conditions for the hike participants.
For example, instead of setting up camp in the most suitable location, campsites or even guest houses are rented. Don’t be confused by the fact that professionals who have extensive experience in participating in hiking trips consider such events more like a parody of a real hike. In most cases, among your clients there will be beginners and amateurs who have been hiking in their youth and are not ready for either difficult living conditions or serious physical exertion.
After you decide on the purpose of the hike and the composition of your group, you need to choose and develop a route. If you do not have much experience in organizing hikes, then it is better to start with short excursions and trips around native land. To begin, carefully study the tourist resources along the selected route of your route, determine the type of route, build its sketch model and route, draw up a travel calendar and a group schedule. Think about where your group will stay, where you will prepare food and spend the night. Be sure to take a test hike along the chosen route, making changes to the program of your tour based on its results.
Start with routes that go along good roads, does not require special equipment and cartographic material (so that there are enough road signs and overview diagrams for orientation on the terrain), without long rests. In the future, it will be possible to offer more experienced travelers routes along forest paths and clearings, river banks, through swamps, mountains and passes with long stops and overnight stays.
Ready ideas for your business
Carefully approach the issue of planning your travel route. To do this, you can and should use several sources at once - reference books, guidebooks and cartographic material. Even if you use ready-made schemes, try to find some additional “tricks” of your own. The routes you choose must necessarily be consistent with the transport schedule, operating hours of museums, admission to nature reserves, etc. If you decide to open your own travel company, then you will need to coordinate and approve the route passport, which is used when creating tours.
Rules for organizing a successful trip
First of all, the route you choose for a day's trek should be suitable in complexity and length for all members of your group. Ideally, it is better to use your own transport to move between objects (this will help avoid annoying misunderstandings and conflicts), but you can also use local transport.
Places for long halts and overnight stays should be equipped with a supply of fuel and food, and should also preferably be equipped with emergency communications. If possible, give preference for long stops to guest houses and hotels where you can relax. When planning your route, be sure to take into account the reserve time in case of various unforeseen circumstances and delays on the road.
To organize trips you will need special equipment, which is divided into personal, group and special. Personal equipment includes wearable items - sleeping and washing supplies, other personal items (backpacks, mugs, bowls, spoons, etc.). Group equipment includes tents, tools (for example, axes), cooking utensils, route materials, etc.
Special equipment includes items determined by the specifics of the route you have chosen - from life jackets and ropes to ice axes and insect nets. You will have to purchase group and special equipment yourself based on the number of group members plus 1-2 people (if something suddenly gets lost or breaks down during the hike).
Ensure the safety of your participants, especially if you are hiking in areas where dangerous wild animals live. However, people can also pose a danger, which also needs to be taken into account. If you are doing multi-day hikes, you will need at least one (or preferably two) assistants.
As your business grows, you should think about expanding your staff. So, you may need rescuers, medical personnel, additional guides, translators, experienced hunters and fishermen. Additional expenses will be required to provide transportation, from SUVs and boats to bicycles and horses. All this is usually rented at the starting point of the hike.
The most promising place to start such a business is villages near closed protected areas. Some companies organize campsites or even entire mini-villages for tourists with log cabins, the rental of which can become an additional (and very significant) source of income.
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Not everyone can afford to go on a full-fledged vacation, for example, to hot countries. The reason may be a lack of financial resources. Or maybe there is simply not enough time for the trip. However, this does not mean that you should give up the long-awaited rest and limit yourself. They will always come to your aid best tours weekend from Minsk on the page http://globe.by/vse-tury. You can be sure that among the wide variety of offers you will certainly find something to suit your taste.
By the way, weekend tours are also popular among those who are still very far from vacation, but no longer have enough energy to work. What could be better than taking a short break and rejuvenating? Moreover, you can plunge into a completely different atmosphere, go to ski resort with snow and frosty wind. And in the midst of winter cold, bask under the scorching rays of the southern sun. Or just find great option excursion tour V Saint Petersburg on the website globe.by, and enrich yourself with acquaintance with cultural capital Russia.
Weekend tours may vary. You can choose a modern and comfortable bus. In this case, you can combine the trip with traveling by train. Or travel on it to a European or any other country, combining plane, bus and/or railway and a bus. Each option has its own advantages. The cost of traveling within your own country will be much lower, and in this case you will not need to obtain visa documents.
The advantages of weekend trips are obvious from any angle. If you put off vacation because you don't have free time, problem solved. You can go on your short vacation, say, after work on Friday evening. And return full of strength and vigor on Sunday evening or Monday morning. You will be offered various options.
If your vacation was postponed for financial reasons, then the difficulties here too can be solved. The cost of such tours is much lower. It all depends on where exactly you want to go. You can leave or fly to almost anywhere in the world. The price of the trip will in any case be less than a full-time trip. By the way, weekend tours offer the same recreational conditions as regular tours - the same meals, the same hotel rooms, seats on planes, and so on. If you want to arrange for yourself good rest, purchase weekend tour packages.
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Introduction
tour recreational hike weekend
Tourism today is one of the growing and developing sectors in the global economy. It is the glue of world unity, the key path for socio-economic progress throughout the world.
On at the moment There is a quick way to identify more and more new tourist destinations.
Weekend tours are becoming more and more popular. If the vacation is still far away, and the fatigue accumulated during work makes itself felt, then weekend tours - best way take a break from everyday work and plunge into a completely different world for a short period of time, add a little variety to everyday life, without leaving important matters. This type of tourism includes trips with the whole family, with a group of friends, with colleagues, or even romantic walks with your loved one. Weekend tours are ideal to celebrate a birthday or company anniversary.
An increase in the workload on a person during the work week, and the desire to spend the weekend interestingly makes everything more popular tours day off. This expresses the relevance of our chosen topic.
Target course work is to identify the essence and features of weekend tours, to organize the development of this type of recreational trip.
To achieve this goal, the following tasks will be solved:
1.Reveal the essence of weekend tours;
2.Analyze the process of developing and preparing a program for a tourist trip;
.Describe the procedure for conducting a tourist trip;
.Distribute responsibilities in the tourist group;
.Indicate the basic tourist documentation required for the tourist trip.
The object of the study is weekend tours.
The subject of this course work is the creation and technology of developing weekend tours.
The methodological basis of our work was provided by regulations and documents in the field of tourism, the work of Russian and foreign tourism researchers, and data from information resources.
1. Theoretical aspects of weekend tours
.1 Essence of weekend tours
The main directions of tourism development were educational and recreational in nature; significantly contributed to the education and spiritual enrichment of various segments of the population, contributed to the knowledge of the fatherland and the formation of national self-awareness.
Recreational hikes were originally developed for business people who do not have enough time for vacation. Thus, from 1890 to the October Revolution, a tourist infrastructure was formed (transport network, restaurant and hotel industry), numerous travel firms, clubs, bureaus, and companies appeared. Two main components of the tourism market are being formalized - elite tourism of the wealthy strata and excursion and recreational tourism intelligentsia.
In the modern pace of life, many people have no time to spare time for an excursion or tour. A great solution could be tours that can be done on a weekend. These tours provide an opportunity to get acquainted with the main attractions in just one day and have a wonderful weekend.
Weekend tours are a 2-3 day vacation, usually covering only one working day - Friday.
Weekend tours have different directions:
1.educational tourism - does not depend on the age of the participants, only on their range of interests.
Educational tours are divided into:
· stationary tours (stay of tourists in one city, tourist center);
· route tours (visits to several settlements, attractions, built in the form of a travel route);
· entertainment tours (entertainment during a tourist trip. The main programs are excursion and entertainment.
Entertainment tours can be:
· periodic or one-time - organized for holidays, vacations or traditional festivals;
· regular - tours to specially created places of permanent entertainment.);
2.Eco-tourism - includes both small educational tours for schoolchildren and regular tourism programs in national parks and reserves;
3.Business tourism - tourist trips for business purposes.
Despite the wide variety of types of tourism, recreational trips on weekends are in greatest demand among the population.
1.2 Organization, preparation and conduct of recreational trips during the day off
Important aspects of organizing and conducting recreational trips are determined by the organizers of the trip themselves (tour companies or leaders of amateur trips), based on the goals and objectives set for the trip, safety requirements, availability of organizational and material resources, etc. Thus, the very effectiveness of achieving the goals of each individual The campaign will dictate the basic requirements for its organization and conduct.
During the preparation of a recreational trip, tourists solve a number of organizational issues:
· Choosing a hiking area;
· Development of a hiking route (route threads);
· Recruiting a hiking group and distributing responsibilities in a hiking group;
· Drawing up a calendar plan for the trip;
· Choosing the necessary camping equipment;
· Drawing up a camping diet and determining a camping diet;
· Preparation of necessary travel documentation (if necessary).
When choosing a hiking area, you should consider:
· goals and objectives set before the campaign,
· composition of a specific hiking group (age, health status, aspirations and wishes of the participants),
· the amount of free time that the participants of the trip have.
For recreational and health hikes, an area is selected that will allow the best fulfillment of the objectives of health improvement and proper rest of the participants in the natural environment. Cognitive tasks can also be successfully combined with recreational tasks - expanding the horizons of the participants, their knowledge of nature, the cultural and historical heritage of their ancestors, etc. Typically, such trips are made “in their native land” and pursue, among other things, local history purposes.
In addition, the choice of area is determined by the presence of targeted recreational and educational sites that will arouse the greatest interest among trekking participants: local sections of the route with the most beautiful landscapes, picturesque lakes or groups of lakes; rivers, attractive areas of forests (light pine forests, groves of broad-leaved trees), etc.
In the hiking area there should be convenient points of access to the beginning of the route and points of departure from the end of the route. The hiking area should have good cross-country ability - it is desirable that it include a fairly dense network of forest, field roads and trails suitable for hiking and cycling. In this case, participants will not experience physical and emotional overload while moving along the route. In addition to the specified criteria, we note that the hiking area must contain a sufficient number of sources clean water for catering; places convenient for organizing overnight stays and recreation for tourists (including equipped tourist parking lots). The most common type of recreational hiking is weekend hiking. Therefore, limited hiking time also leaves an imprint on the choice of hiking area: recreational areas are selected from among those close to the place of residence of the participants.
After choosing a hiking area, based on available cartographic material and other information, a specific hiking route (route thread) is developed. The route line, developed according to the topographic map of the hiking area, represents the following sequence of landmarks:
starting point;
· reference points for daytime marches;
· tourist stops;
finishing point.
In the case of marked routes, the route thread is not only plotted on the map, but in one way or another marked (marked) on the ground.
Choosing a hiking area and developing a route are the defining tasks of the preparatory period.
When developing a route for a recreational hike, the following creative work is performed with a topographic map and other information materials:
· the required length of the route is determined (taking into account the composition of the group and the intended goals of the trip);
· from all those present in the hiking area, specific target recreational and educational sites to visit are selected;
· specific points of arrival (starting points of the route) and points of departure of the group from the route are determined that are convenient for reaching the intended recreational and educational sites of visit;
· places for organizing bivouacs and large halts are determined, which should maximally satisfy the tasks of safety, recreation and health improvement of participants, as well as the implementation of excursion and educational tasks;
· the tactical route scheme is determined (linear, circular, with sections of radial movement);
· the ways to reach the intended main recreational and educational sites and points for organizing lunch stops and bivouacs are determined (the route of the group);
· the route, as a result of the above actions, is divided into separate, feasible for the participants, day trips of a certain length;
· During daytime crossings, reference landmarks are outlined for precise movement along the route (point, linear, area).
At the preparatory stage, a schedule can be drawn up. In fact, with this document the trek leader answers the questions: what is the group doing and where is it on certain dates and times of the trek. In particular, it is the schedule that determines the date and time of arrival at the beginning of the route and departure from the end point of the route; the number, dates and places of organization of days and half-days along the route, dates of overnight stays at designated points and the length of certain day trips.
In addition, the schedule determines:
· timing of visits and time spent on recreation at recreational facilities;
· time of excursions (museums, nature reserves, individual cultural, historical and natural monuments) and other recreational activities (competitions, games, beach and swimming holidays, etc.).
In general, there are no standard requirements established by regulatory documents for organizing and conducting recreational trips, except in the case of trips with students. For hikes with students, the Ministry of Education has prepared a special “Instruction for organizing and conducting hikes with students.” Neither this nor any other regulatory documents regulate the quantitative parameters of a recreational hike (the duration of the hike and the length of the route), the choice of the hike area, the recruitment of a hiking group, the choice of equipment and the order of meals for participants in hiking conditions, etc.
Hikes are carried out in accordance with the “Rules for organizing and conducting amateur tourist hikes and trips on the territory of the Russian Federation.”
The route sheet or route book (Appendix 1) is the most important tourist document.
The main purpose of documentation is to help ensure the safety of tourist travel. Route documentation allows you to control the movement of groups along the route, forces group members, in the process of preparing and submitting a trip report, to analyze their actions, learn from the mistakes they have made and teach others.
The documentation may have artistic design containing the logo and name of the organization that ordered the forms. This especially applies to the route sheet, route book and control note.
All organizations conducting travel must be provided with itinerary documentation.
1.3 Distribution of responsibilities in the tourist group
Organizing a tourist trip certainly includes assembling a group. A recreational hiking group is formed on the basis of common interests and the desire to take part in a specific tourist event. In the case of weekend hikes and recreational and health hikes, the health status of the participants may serve as a limitation (it must allow them to endure physical activity hike). It is recommended to form a group of participants of approximately the same age and social status (then a community of interests and ease of communication is achieved. At the same time, it is known from tourist practice that the effectiveness of managing a group and achieving the goals of the trip will be maximum if the group of tourists does not exceed 12-15 participants. In the case of more massive hikes, it is advisable to divide the entire hiking group into “sections” with their own tourist leaders (instructors).
In tourist groups, where participants independently organize a trip, their functional responsibilities are distributed between them.
1.The group leader is the most experienced and respected tourist or trained instructor. He is responsible for everything that happens during the hike, including safety.
2.The food manager is responsible for food preparation, calorie content, variety, organizes the purchase of products, their packaging, and controls their consumption along the way.
.The responsibilities of the deputy manager or equipment manager include the selection and preparation of tents, kerosene stoves, and other group and special equipment.
.A medic monitors the condition of tourists and, if necessary, provides medical assistance.
If the group size is sufficient, individual tourists are assigned to keep a diary of the trip, take photographs, a repairman is assigned, and in children’s groups, someone responsible for the cultural program of the trip. All these responsibilities will allow tourists to have a more interesting time on the route and provide assistance to the leader.
In commercial tourist groups, which are organized either by travel companies or guides involved in the organization active species tourism, the functions of the leader are performed by the trek instructor. The distribution of responsibilities during the hike is voluntary.
So, we note that tourism, which arose and developed as an objective social need, gradually established itself as one of the important means of educating people. Its development traces the formation of prerequisites for organized group (collective) hikes and travels; approval of hikes as a means of education; the formation and subsequent development of tourism as a social phenomenon that successfully contributes to the comprehensive solution of educational, educational, health and sports tasks.
2. Providing services for tourists during a weekend recreational trip
.1 Designing a model of a recreational trip during a weekend
When developing and designing a weekend recreational trip program, it is necessary to rely on GOST R 50681-2010 “Tourist services. Design of tourist services" and other regulatory documents.
This standard establishes the procedure and rules for designing tourism services, including those that make up this tourism product.
The weekend recreational trip program must fully comply with the requirements of this standard.
This standard is applied by legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal form and form of ownership, by individual entrepreneurs providing tourism services and/or services for the development of technical documents in the field of tourism.
In accordance with GOST R 50681-2010 “Tourist services. Designing tourist services” we created a model of a recreational trip as part of a weekend trip.
“The Land of Snow-White Trails” is a weekend ski trip.
In accordance with the provisions of GOST R 53522-2009 “Tourist and excursion services. Basic provisions", the activities of a tourist organization include the provision of tourist services of the following types:
· security services on tourist routes;
· provision of information materials, tourist maps, descriptions of routes, natural obstacles;
· services for training in special tourism skills;
· consulting services, including issues of organizing recreational trips and ensuring safety on tourist routes, etc.
.The purpose of the recreational trip: educational - recreational;
.Duration of the recreational hike: 2 days;
.Length of the recreational hike route: 37 km (day 1 - 21 km, day 2 - 16 km);
.Region in which the recreational hike is carried out: Moscow region;
.The route of the recreational hike: Kalistovo - Lugovaya - Gerasimikha - Beklemishevo - Sboevo - Morozki;
.Starting point of the recreational hike: Kalistovo railway station;
.End point of the recreational hike: Morozki railway station;
.List of stops on the route: Lugovaya, Moscow, Beklemishevo, Sboevo;
.List of overnight stays: Moscow;
.Date of the recreational hike: 01.11.14 - 02.11.14;
.Number of people in the group: 9 people aged 40 to 50 years.
The weekend recreational hike route consists of:
Day 1. Saturday. 11/01/14
:40-meeting at Komsomolskaya ring road in the center of the hall.
After purchasing tickets, you need to take the train to the Kalistovo station.
Having arrived at your destination, you should check the serviceability of your equipment, and then start moving along the route.
During the hike, the instructor describes the life and habits of the forest inhabitants and tells interesting hunting stories.
:00-stop for lunch near the village of Lugovaya. (Lunch includes Solyanka soup, rye bread, jelly).
A few kilometers of a leisurely journey is the monastery of the “Sisterhood in the name of St. Ignatius of Stavropol.”
The monastery provides accommodation in five standard rooms (the room includes a bathroom combined with a toilet; two beds; color TV; air conditioning; free WI-FI). After accommodation in the rooms, a tour of the monastery is provided. (Introduction to the daily routine and life in the Sisterhood, visiting the icon-painting workshop of the Sisterhood, listening to poems and works of the sisters). The cost of the excursion is included in the cost of the weekend recreational trip program.
In the courtyard prohibited: smoking, drinking alcohol, swearing.
After the tour, dinner is provided at 19:00 (Dinner includes buckwheat porridge with mushrooms, lemon-honey kvass) and entertainment program until 23:00 (songs of nuns, poetry readings, training in Russian folk dances, round dances).
Day 2. Sunday. 02.11.14
The day doesn't start too early.
:00 - breakfast. (Breakfast includes tea, pancake pie)
:00 - exit to the hiking route.
The route passes through forest paths, fields, slopes, and long gentle hills. In some places the route passes by villages.
:00 - stop for lunch near the village of Beklemishevo. (Lunch includes chicken soup, rye bread, ham, sweets, tea).
:00 - stop for a snack after passing the village of Sboevo. (Snack includes tea, chocolate, fresh apples).
19:30 - arrival at railway station"Frost."
The co-executor for accommodation, meals and leisure activities for tourists is the Russian Orthodox Church“Sisterhood in the name of St. Ignatius of Stavropol” (Moscow). Agreements have been concluded with this co-contractor, guaranteeing the accuracy and timeliness of the provision of tourist services. The organizer is the Tourist “ADVENTURE CLUB”, on whose website (#"justify"> .2 Development of a recreational hike route
The selection of the hiking area is based on an analysis topographic maps, diagrams and other information documents containing information about excursion sites in the hiking area, natural monuments, tourist sites, etc.
When choosing an area for any hike, you should first of all take into account the goals and objectives set for it. Accordingly, an area is selected for recreational trips that will best fulfill the objectives of improving the health and proper rest of the participants in the natural environment. Cognitive tasks can also be successfully combined with recreational tasks - expanding the horizons of the participants, their knowledge of the geography and nature of their native land, the cultural and historical heritage of their ancestors, and the traditional way of life local population etc.
From this point of view, the most optimal areas for a recreational hike are those with the greatest recreational potential. Territories with pronounced recreational potential are not polluted economic activity territories containing significant forest areas (light pine forests, broad-leaved forests); picturesque landscapes, with well-defined relief and vantage points; hydrographic objects (rivers and lakes suitable for swimming and recreation). This is the above-mentioned set of recreational resources and recreational and educational objects necessary for the formation of a tourist product. The very presence in such areas brings a huge charge of energy to a person and, if the hike is accompanied by an ecological, local history excursion, it gives tourists new knowledge about their region.
A recreational and health hike involves mandatory, but limited and calculated taking into account the gender, age of the hike participants, and their state of health, physical activity. The movement of participants along the route should not lead to excessive physical or mental fatigue, but should give them a feeling of slight pleasant fatigue and satisfaction from the physical work performed. Consequently, the area of a recreational hike should be “convenient” for achieving recreational goals. There should be convenient routes for the arrival and departure of the tourist group (railway, road); it must contain a choice convenient, not tiring roads and trails for walking. This is one of the conditions necessary for the formation of a recreational tourism product.
It is advisable that the hiking area provide other opportunities for best holiday participants of the trip. From a security point of view environment And maximum comfort For participants of a recreational hike, an advantage is the hiking area, which contains equipped places for tourists to spend the night and rest. Moreover, such tourist camps are usually set up in the most picturesque places suitable for recreational purposes with sources of clean water. Availability in the area of specially equipped or suitable for the group to equip places for overnight stay and rest tourists and a sufficient number of sources of clean water for catering.
When choosing an area for a recreational trip, an important factor is the amount of free time that the participants have and their potential material (financial) costs. Therefore, they try to choose the area for such a trip closer to their place of residence, reducing time and material expenses for travel.
After choosing a hiking area, based on available cartographic material and other information, tourists develop a specific hiking route (route thread).
Large lunch stops must be located in safe places with clean water suitable for preparing hot meals. At the same time, you must try to choose stopping places that are not just suitable, but also potentially the most suitable for a good rest. It could be a lake with the possibility of fishing and swimming in the summer; a picturesque high bank of the river, a place suitable for holding entertainment competitions, etc. It is convenient for lunch stops to be located near the excursion or recreational sites planned for visiting. If the hike passes through the territory national park, or other well-known recreational areas, tourist recreation centers can be specially equipped and marked on the tourist map. When developing a ski trip route, you don’t have to “link” stopping places to the water sources marked on the map. To organize stops at in this case, you should find forest areas on the map. Here tourists are provided with protection from the wind and firewood for stopping in winter conditions.
Based on the location of target recreational facilities in the selected area and convenient starting and finishing points of the hike, tourists determine the optimal tactical route for constructing the route:
· linear - the route is not closed, it has different start and finish points, distant from each other;
· roundabout - a single start and finish point;
· combined - a route that includes circular sections on a linear whole route or sections of radial movement (radial exits are carried out from a resting place to target objects with a subsequent return to the starting point along the same path. The use of radial movement on the route allows tourists to effectively sightsee and enjoy more fully unique natural objects(they are not burdened with travel cargo and are not limited by narrow time frames)).
The main thing is that the chosen tactical scheme best suits the solution of the assigned recreational tasks along the route.
Based on the analysis of cartographic and other information, specific routes to excursion, recreational sites and resting places are outlined. The map shows forest, field (but not highway, automobile) roads going in the right directions, and other linear landmarks for movement (clearings, river banks, etc.). During a recreational hike, preference should be given to forest or field roads and trails marked on a topographic map that are convenient for tourists to travel (if they are known to the leader or described in special materials). The length of crossings along clearings and off-roads should be limited.
Thus, the map determines the specific route for the day's hike. It is important that this line runs through areas containing recreational resources of the area.
Within the day's transition, a number of reference points for movement should be outlined. These landmarks will be needed for the purpose of confident orientation and adherence to the intended route.
Various terrain landmarks serve as reference points for the route:
· point (road intersections, individual buildings, bridges, etc.);
· linear (roads and clearings used for movement or crossed during movement, river banks, boundaries between forests and fields, etc.);
· areal ( settlements, lakes, small forest areas).
At the end of the “rough” work done, you should evaluate the planned route as a whole:
· suitability of the point of arrival to the beginning of the route and the point of departure;
· the attractiveness of the selected recreational and educational objects, the convenience and reliability of the selected routes to them;
· the logic of the chosen tactical route scheme, stop locations, etc.
Based on the scale of the map, it is necessary to once again carefully measure the length of all planned daily crossings; determine the total length of the route and compare it with the intended parameters for a specific group of tourists. If necessary, the necessary adjustments are made to the planned route, and the final route line is plotted on the map, indicating the starting points, finish points and places of all field rest stops with a symbol (D).
2.3 Determination of methods for quality control and safety of designed tourist services
In accordance with GOST R 52113-2003 “Services to the public. Nomenclature of quality indicators”, this tour program fully satisfies the requirements of regulatory documentation and consumers, a high indicator of safety of life and health of participants in a recreational trip has been determined, the compliance of which with established requirements is the main condition for recognizing this service as high-quality.
Also, based on the above standard, an analysis of draft documents for tourism services was carried out by specialists - representatives of the relevant functional divisions of the tourism organization. Independent experts were involved.
Analysis of draft documents is aimed at identifying and timely eliminating inconsistencies.
Approval of project documents for tourism services is carried out by the head of the tourism organization.
In the case of designing a service at the request of the customer, technical documents for the designed tourist services are agreed upon with the customer.
Changes and additions made to the design documents are approved by the head of the tourism organization and agreed upon with the customer, if the design was carried out at his request.
Analysis of draft documents confirmed:
· compliance of the established characteristics of the designed service with safety requirements for the life and health of tourists, as well as environmental protection;
· compliance of requirements for tourist service processes with the designed characteristics of services;
· the effectiveness of methods for monitoring the quality of tourist services and the objectivity of assessing their characteristics.
The tourism organization has entered into agreements with partners providing accommodation, food and safety services for tourists, as well as providing an entertainment and animation program for the leisure of tourists.
Agreements were concluded with organizations that ensure the safety of tourists along the route. In accordance with GOST R 50644-2009 “Tourist services. Requirements for ensuring the safety of tourists", the safety of tourists is ensured through the implementation of a set of measures of an organizational, technical, diplomatic, financial, law enforcement and other nature, aimed at reducing risks to an acceptable level, through a clear delineation and fulfillment of responsibilities by all participants in the process of providing tourism services and compliance by tourists personal safety requirements.
Conclusion
To summarize, we note that tourism, which arose and developed as an objective social need, gradually established itself as one of the important means of educating people. Its development traces the formation of prerequisites for organized group (collective) hikes and travels; approval of hikes as a means of education; the formation and subsequent development of tourism as a social phenomenon that successfully contributes to the comprehensive solution of educational, educational, health and sports tasks.
Weekend tours have become the most popular in our time. Weekend tourism is a very broad concept that includes a wide variety of types of recreation.
An important component of weekend tours is the organization, preparation and conduct of hikes, the systematic implementation of which ensures the achievement of set goals, the solution of educational, educational and sports tasks with maximum health benefits and complete safety of the hike participants.
Before starting a hike in a tourist group, it is necessary to distribute the responsibilities of all participants.
The organization, preparation and, directly, the conduct of the trip is carried out on the basis of tourist documentation. Documentation helps ensure the safety of tourists, allows for control over the movement of groups along the route, and forces group members to analyze their actions in the process of preparing and submitting a travel report.
The process of designing tourism services consists of several stages.
The first stage of design is drawing up a model of a tourist service.
The second stage of designing a recreational trip program is to establish standardized characteristics/indicators for this tourist service.
The selection of a hiking area is carried out on the basis of an analysis of topographic maps, diagrams and other information documents containing information about excursion sites in the hiking area, natural monuments, tourist sites, etc. Based on the analysis of cartographic and other information, specific routes to excursion, recreational sites and resting places are outlined.
Thus, the map determines the specific route for the day's hike.
The third stage of designing a weekend recreational trip should contain in the documents regulating quality control, established methods and forms of monitoring for compliance with the designed characteristics.
The result of the analysis of draft documents is the clarification of the content of technical documents for the designed tourist services.
In the course of writing the course work, we determined the essence of recreational trips, examined in detail the features of organizing and conducting weekend tours, and compiled a model of a recreational trip tour within the framework of a weekend, corresponding to all regulatory documentation.
Thus, the goal of the course work set by us has been achieved.
Literature
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3.GOST R 53522-2009 “Tourist and excursion services. Basic provisions"
.GOST R 50681-2010 “Tourist services. Design of tourist services"
.GOST R 52113-2003 “Services to the public. Nomenclature of quality indicators"
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It is important to analyze the impact of a tour on the rehabilitation of people after a working week, analyzing the essence of weekend tours as a phenomenon in human life. Determine the functions of a weekend tour, selecting an area and staffing a group.
After a working week, a person often experiences a loss of strength, emotional and physical stress, decreased physical activity, a state of stress and even depression. Freeing a person from the feeling of fatigue through a contrasting change of environment and type of activity is the main task of a weekend tour.
The purpose of the weekend tour from an experimental point of view is
analyze the impact of the tour on the rehabilitation of people after a working week. Analyzing the essence of weekend tours as a phenomenon in human life, we can highlight some common functions: “sports” - restoration of physical tone and performance, strengthening muscles, developing endurance, etc.; “emotional” - increased mood, improved psycho-emotional state; “ecological” - environmental non-harmfulness, human connection to nature and respect for it; “social” - development of communication skills and mutual assistance in a group in natural conditions, organizational skills; “cognitive and developmental” - study of recreational (historical, religious, natural) attractions of the area, cultural development, etc. .
To organize and conduct recreational tours weekends, in general, there are no standard requirements established by regulatory documents, except in the case of trips with students. Neither this nor any other regulatory documents regulate the quantitative parameters of a health hike (duration of the tour and length of the route), the choice of area, staffing of a hiking group, the choice of equipment and the order of meals for participants in hiking conditions, etc.
These, undoubtedly important aspects of organizing and conducting recreational tours, are determined by the organizers themselves (tour companies or leaders of amateur tours), based on the goals and objectives, safety requirements, availability of organizational and material resources, etc. Thus, the very effectiveness of achieving the goals of each of a particular campaign will dictate the basic requirements for its organization and conduct.
When choosing an area for a tour, you should take into account, first of all, the goals and objectives set for it, the composition of a particular group (age, health status, aspirations and wishes of the participants), and the amount of free time that the participants have. For recreational and health hikes, an area is selected that will allow the best fulfillment of the objectives of health improvement and proper rest of the participants in the natural environment. Cognitive tasks can also be successfully combined with recreational tasks - expanding the horizons of the participants, their knowledge of nature, the cultural and historical heritage of their ancestors, etc. Typically, such trips are made “in their native land” and pursue, among other things, local history purposes.
Thus, the choice of an area for a health tour is dictated by the presence of natural recreational resources in it (forests: clean reservoirs suitable for swimming, clean air, aesthetically attractive landscapes, etc.). In addition, it is determined by the presence of targeted recreational and educational sites that will arouse the greatest interest among tour participants. Such objects include, for example, local sections of the route with the most beautiful landscapes, picturesque lakes or groups of lakes; rivers, attractive areas of forests (light pine forests, groves of broad-leaved trees), etc.
Organizing a tourist tour certainly includes recruiting a group. A health trip group is formed on the basis of common interests and the desire to take part in a specific tourist event. In the case of weekend tours and multi-day recreational and health hikes, the health status of the participants may serve as a limitation (it must allow them to endure the physical stress of the hike). It is recommended to form a group of participants of approximately the same age and social status (then a commonality of interests and ease of communication is achieved). For example, you can create a school, student, family group, etc. At the same time, it is known from tourist practice that the effectiveness of managing a group and achieving the goals of a trip will be maximum if the group of tourists does not exceed 12-15 participants. In the case of more massive hikes, it is advisable to divide the entire hiking group (“team”) into “sections” with their own tourist leaders (instructors).
In any form of organizing a health trip (amateur, commercial, social), there is a formal or informal leader in the group who takes responsibility for its successful implementation. When a trip is carried out by a tourist organization, the leader is appointed officially (by order of the organization).
